The dynamics of entrepreneurship : evidence from the global entrepreneurship monitor data

Learning about entrepreneurship has major implications for the way we understand economic change and progress. At a time when governments all over the world look to entrepreneurship as a way to increase the wealth and well-being of their countries, __The Dynamics of Entrepreneurship__ examines the causes of differences in entrepreneurial propensity between individuals, the factors that explain variations in the type and quantity of entrepreneurship at the aggregate level, and the macroeconomic implications of entrepreneurship. Using Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) data, the book brings together contributions from leading scholars to provide a comprehensive overview of current scholarship on entrepreneurial activity. Discussed topics include entrepreneurial motivation, gender and migration, entrepreneurial financing, urban entrepreneurship, growth-oriented entrepreneurship, economic growth, and regional entrepreneurship policies. The book concludes by summarizing its contribution to existing literature, with particular attention paid to the policy implications and the ongoing debate on entrepreneurship. Why are some individuals more entrepreneurial than others? What types of institutional environments are more conducive to entrepreneurship? Does entrepreneurship contribute to the growth of a country? Answering these questions is particularly important at a time when governments all over the world are looking to entrepreneurship as a way to increase employment and the competitiveness of their countries. The chapters in this volume cover topics such as entrepreneurial motivation, gender and migration, entrepreneurial financing, urban entrepreneurship, growth-oriented entrepreneurship, economic growth, and regional entrepreneurship policies. Each chapter is based on data from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor. The GEM project collects detailed and comparable data on representative population samples in more than 60 countries. No other existing book provides such a coherent global view of entrepreneurship and its implications. Other studies use a hodge-podge of data from different sources to study entrepreneurship. The data used to support the different parts of a given argument are not always consistent with one another or easily compared. The scientific validity of such empirical findings is limited as the various pieces of evidence do not belong to the same puzzle. Therefore, the coherence of a universal approach is lost and important aspects of the entrepreneurial process may be overlooked or undervalued. This volume, on the other hand, tests all theoretical arguments against the same empirical data, all the pieces fit into the same puzzle and a coherent and unitary picture of entrepreneurial activity, from its causes and motivations to its macroeconomic impact and implications, emerges Content: Excess entry and entrepreneurial decisions: the role of overconfidence / Philipp Koellinger, Mari Minniti, and Christian Schade -- Understanding the gender gap in entrepreneurship: a multicountry examination / I. Elaine Allen and Nan S. Langowitz -- Defining and identifying family entrepreneurship: a new view of entrepreneurs / Ramona K. Zachary, Edward G. Rogoff, and Ivory Phinisee -- Investor altruism: financial returns from informal investments in businesses owned by relatives, friends, and strangers / William D. Bygrave and Niels Bosma -- The contribution of migrants and ethnic minorities to entreprenseurship in the United Kingdom / Jonathan Levie and Mark Hart -- Entrepreneurship in world cities / Zoltan Acs, Niels Bosma, and Rolk Sternberg -- Interregional disparities, entrepreneurship, and EU regional policy / Rolk Sternberg -- Entrepreneurship in transition economies: the role of institutions and generational change / Saul Estrin and Tomasz Mickiewicz -- Poverty and entrepreneurship in developing countries Jose Ernesto Amoros and Oscar Cristi -- Ambitious entrepreneurship, high-growth firms, and macroeconomic growth / Erik Stam, Chantal Hartog, Andre van Stel, and Roy Thurik -- High-aspiration entrepreneurship / Erkko Autio -- Entrepreneurship and the decision to export / Ken Jones and Megan McDonald Way. At a time when governments all over the world look to entrepreneurship as a way to increase the wealth and well-being of their countries, The Dynamics of Entrepreneurship examines the causes of differences in the levels of entrepreneurship between individuals, the factors that explain variations in the type and quantity of entrepreneurship at aggregate level, and the macroeconomic implications of entrepreneurship. Using the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) as a basis for the empirical data, the book brings together contributions from leading scholars to provide a comprehensive overview of current scholarship on entrepreneurial activity in three sections: - the universal and systematic aspects of entrepreneurial behavior in human beings regardless of context - the alternative entrepreneurial contexts and the way in which they motivate individuals to act entrepreneurially or discourage them from doing so - how entrepreneurial activity influences individuals' living standards at the aggregate level. The book concludes by summarizing its contribution to existing literature, with particular attention to the policy implications and the ongoing debate on entrepreneurship. -- Book Description As governments across the world look to entrepreneurship as a way to increase the wealth and well-being of their countries, this volume brings together leading scholars to provide a comprehensive overview of entrepreneurial activity based on empirical data.