The Domestic Dimension of Public Diplomacy : Evaluating Success Through Civil Engagement

This Book Explores New Grounds That Public Diplomacy Is Entering Today, As Domestic Publics Come To The Forefront Of The Policy -- Acting Both As Foreign Policy Constituencies And Public Diplomacy Actors Cooperating With Their Foreign Counterparts. The Author Discusses The Phenomena Of Public Diplomacy's Domestic Dimension Described As Government's Ability To Engage Its Own Society In Foreign Policy Practices Through Information, Cooperation And Identity-defining. By Analysing Data From Over 80 Recorded Interviews With Australian, Norwegian And American Public Diplomacy Practitioners, This Volume Illustrates Both Successful And Unsuccessful Models Of Such Cooperation. From Norwegian Peace Diplomacy, Through Australia's Ambivalent Engagement With Asia, To U.s. Government-sponsored Exchange Programs, The Author Argues That Governments Around The World Are Slowly Accepting A Paradigm Shift In Diplomatic Practice From Monological/dialogical To A More Collaborative Public Diplomacy. This Book Is An Essential Resource For Students, Scholars, Experts And Diplomats Interested In World's Best-practices Of Engaging Domestic Civil Society Actors In Foreign Policy Statecraft. Introduction -- Public Diplomacy And Its Domestic Dimension -- Norway As A Peace Nation -- Australia's Ambivalent Engagement With Asia -- Us Government-sponsored Educational Exchange Programs -- Summary Of Findings. Katarzyna Pisarska. Contains Bibliographical References (pages 201-202) And Index. Dedication 6 Preface 8 Acknowledgments 10 Contents 12 List of Abbreviations 14 List of Figure 16 List of Tables 18 Chapter 1: Introduction 19 Collaborative Public Diplomacy and PD’s Domestic Dimension 19 Theoretical Framework and Study Design 21 Methodology and Limitations 23 Evaluating Public Diplomacy Success 25 Summary of Chapters 26 References 29 Chapter 2: Public Diplomacy and Its Domestic Dimension 31 The Theoretical Introduction to Public Diplomacy 31 Realism and Public Diplomacy 33 Liberalism and Public Diplomacy 35 Soft Power and Public Diplomacy 36 Constructivism and Public Diplomacy 40 Summary of Theoretical Models 47 The Domestic Dimension of Public Diplomacy 48 The Three Platforms of PD’s Domestic Dimension 52 The Informative Platform 52 The Cooperative Platform 54 The Identity-Defining Platform 58 Challenges for PD’s Domestic Dimension 60 Conclusions 61 Notes 62 References 63 Chapter 3: Norway as a Peace Nation 69 Introduction 69 The Discursive Construction of Peace Engagement In Norwegian Foreign Policy 71 The Historical Outlook on Norway’s Peace Diplomacy 71 The “Peace Nation” Concept and Norwegian Identity 74 The Rationale Behind Pursuing an International Peace Agenda 78 The Instruments of Norway’s Peace Diplomacy 81 Peace and Reconciliation Activities 81 Development Assistance and Humanitarian Aid 85 Multilateral Peace Diplomacy 87 “Norwegian Model” and Peace Diplomacy 89 The Characteristics of the “Norwegian Model” 89 Criticizing the Norwegian Model 92 The Future of Norwegian Peace Diplomacy 95 The Ongoing Dilemmas of Norwegian Foreign Policy 95 The Challenges to Norwegian Peace Diplomacy 99 Lessons Learned from Case-Study 101 References 102 Chapter 4: Australia’s Ambivalent Engagement with Asia 108 Introduction 108 The Discursive Construction of Australia’s Engagement with Asia 111 Australia’s Foreign Policy Culture 111 Australia’s Engagement and Perceptions of Asia 116 Asian Perceptions of Australia 120 Australia’s Public Diplomacy in Asia 123 The Key Instruments of Australian Public Diplomacy in Asia 123 The Success Stories: Educational and Cultural Diplomacy 124 The PD Failures: International Broadcasting and Supporting the International Development Aid Sector 127 Domestic Dimension of Australia’s Public Diplomacy: The Difficult Journey to Getting It Right 132 The PD Message and the Australian National and Regional Identity 135 Cooperating with Domestic Civil Society Organizations 144 Relations Between the Australian Government and Its International Development Sector 147 Lessons Learned from Case-Study 153 References 153 Chapter 5: US Government-Sponsored Educational Exchange Programs 162 Introduction 162 Exchange Programs in US Public Diplomacy: An Overview 165 US Public Diplomacy, Exchange Programs and the Domestic Dimension 165 The Rationale Behind Establishing Government-Funded Exchange Programs 168 The Role of the Department of State in Initiating Educational and Cultural Exchanges 171 The Flagship Programs 174 The Fulbright Program 174 International Visitor Leadership Program 176 Youth Programs 178 EducationUSA 180 Other ECA Programs 184 Best Practices in Formulating US Government-­Sponsored Exchanges and US Domestic Engagement 185 Practice 1: Establishing Partnerships with Domestic NGOs 185 Practice 2: Program Design Responding to Needs of Stakeholders 190 Practice 3: Careful Selection of Participants 192 Practice 4: Keeping Track of Alumni 194 Lessons Learned from Case-Study 195 References 198 Chapter 6: Summary of Findings 204 Determinants of Collaborative Approach to Public Diplomacy 205 Foreign Policy Tradition 206 Domestic Democratic Culture and Government–Civil Society Relations 207 Assessing the Implementation of PD’s Domestic Dimension 210 The Domestic Dimension of Public Diplomacy in Non-Democratic States 212 Conclusion 215 References 216 References 218 Index 220 This book explores new grounds that public diplomacy is entering today, as domestic publics come to the forefront of the policy - acting both as foreign policy constituencies and public diplomacy actors cooperating with their foreign counterparts. The author discusses the phenomena of public diplomacy's domestic dimension described as government's ability to engage its own society in foreign policy practices through information, cooperation and identity-defining. By analyzing data from over 80 recorded interviews with Australian, Norwegian and American public diplomacy practitioners the book illustrates both successful and unsuccessful models of such cooperation. From Norwegian Peace Diplomacy, through Australia's ambivalent engagement with Asia, to U.S. Government-sponsored exchange programs, the author argues that governments around the world are slowly accepting a paradigm shift in diplomatic practice from monological or dialogical to a more collaborative public diplomacy. This book is an essential resource for students, scholars, experts and diplomats interested in world's best-practices of engaging domestic civil society actors in foreign policy statecraft. Katarzyna Pisarska is Assistant Professor at Warsaw School of Economics, Poland, and Founder and Director of the European Academy of Diplomacy, Poland, and the Visegrad School of Political Studies, Poland. She has completed fellowships at Harvard University, Johns Hopkins University SAIS and Australian National University. Dr. Pisarska is also a Young Global Leader of the World Economic Forum Front Matter....Pages i-xvii Introduction....Pages 1-12 Public Diplomacy and Its Domestic Dimension....Pages 13-50 Norway as a Peace Nation....Pages 51-89 Australia’s Ambivalent Engagement with Asia....Pages 91-144 US Government-Sponsored Educational Exchange Programs....Pages 145-186 Summary of Findings....Pages 187-200 Back Matter....Pages 201-207