The directionality of (inter)subjectification in the English noun phrase : pathways of change

The Book Investigates Pathways Of (inter)subjectification Followed By Prenominal Elements In The English Noun Phrase, By Tracing The Development Of Identifying, Noun-intensifying And Subjective Compound Uses. By Means Of In-depth Corpus Study, The Assumed Unidirectionality Of (inter)subjectification In The Np Is Verified And Refined. -- Provided By Publisher. Introduction -- Part I: Synchrony -- A Functional-cognitive Model Of The English Np -- The English Np: Structure, Order And The Role Of (inter)subjectvity -- Part Ii: Diachrony -- (inter)subjectification And Grammaticalization: Pathways Of Change In The English Np -- Part Iii: The Case Studies -- Data And Methods -- The Completeness Adjectives -- The Specificity Adjectives -- Such, Zulk, And What -- Old And Little: Subjective Compounds -- Summary: Towards A Reconciliation Of Synchrony And Diachrony. Lobke Ghesquière. Includes Bibliographical References And Index. Acknowledgements 5 Tables 12 Figures 14 Introduction 15 Part I: Synchrony 25 Chapter 1. A functional-cognitive model of the English NP 27 1.1. The functional make-up of the English NP 29 1.1.1. Halliday’s structural-functional account 29 1.1.2. Bache’s functional zone model 32 1.1.3. Langacker’s cognitive-functional account 35 1.1.4. A functional-cognitive model of the English NP 37 1.2. Categorization 39 1.2.1. The head of the NP 40 1.2.2. Subcategorization 41 1.3. Modification 42 1.3.1. Descriptive modification 43 1.3.1.1. Objective and subjective descriptive modifiers 44 1.3.1.2. Bounded, unbounded and extreme descriptive modifiers 47 1.3.2. Degree modification 48 1.3.2.1. Adjective-intensification 49 1.3.2.2. Noun-intensification 50 1.3.2.3. Structural-semantic types of degree modification 52 1.3.2.4. Degree modification and subjectivity 55 1.4. Determination 58 1.4.1. Primary determination 60 1.4.2. Secondary determination 61 Chapter 2. The English NP: Structure, order and the role of (inter)subjectvity 65 2.1. The English NP: A mere modifier-head structure? 66 2.2. A semantic, linear subjective-objective model? 69 2.2.1. Langackerian subjectivity 70 2.2.2. Intersubjectivity in Cogitive Grammar 71 2.2.3. Traugottian subjectivity and beyond 73 2.2.4. Traugottian intersubjectivity and beyond 76 2.2.5. Textual meanings and (inter)subjectivity 78 2.2.6. Subjectivity and intersubjectivity: Disentangling the web 83 2.2.7. Challenging the linear subjective-objective model 85 2.3. A prosodic, field-like model 87 Part II: Diachrony 93 Chapter 3. (Inter)subjectification and grammaticalization: Pathways of change in the English NP 95 3.1. Subjectification and intersubjectification 95 3.2. Grammaticalization 100 3.2.1. Onset contexts of grammaticalization 104 3.2.1.1. Ambiguity 104 3.2.1.2. Specialized contexts: Dialogicity and collocation 106 3.3. The directionality of (inter)subjectification and grammaticalization 110 3.4. (Inter)subjectification and grammaticalization in the English NP 112 3.4.1. From description to secondary determination 112 3.4.2. Pathways to noun-intensification 115 3.4.2.1. Pathway 1: From description to nounintensification 115 3.4.2.2. Pathway 2: From identification to nounintensification 117 3.4.3. Adamson’s lefward and rightward movement hypotheses 120 3.5. Conclusions 121 Part III: The case studies 125 Chapter 4. Data and Methods 127 4.1. Selection of the data 127 4.2. Corpora 129 4.2.1. Old English 130 4.2.2. Middle English 130 4.2.3. Modern English 130 4.2.4. Present Day English 131 4.3. Methodology 133 Chapter 5. The completeness adjectives 137 5.1. Complete 139 5.1.1. Descriptive modifier uses of complete 139 5.1.1.1. Bounded descriptive modifier uses of complete 139 5.1.1.2. Descriptive modifier uses of complete, vague between bounded and unbounded construal 142 5.1.2. Identifying uses of complete 144 5.1.3. Noun-intensifying uses of complete 149 5.1.3.1. Closed scale noun-intensifying uses 149 5.1.3.2. Noun-intensifying uses hovering between an open scale and a closed scale reading 153 5.1.4. Adjective-intensifying uses of complete 155 5.1.5. From description to identification and nounintensification 156 5.2. Total 159 5.2.1. Bounded descriptive modifier uses of total 160 5.2.2. Identifying uses of total 162 5.2.3. Noun-intensifying uses of total 165 5.2.4. Adjective-intensifying uses of total 170 5.2.5. Classifying uses of total 170 5.2.6. From description to identification and nounintensification 171 5.3. Whole 173 5.3.1. Descriptive modifier uses of whole 174 5.3.1.1. Bounded descriptive modifier uses of whole 174 5.3.1.2. Bounded/unbounded descriptive modifier uses of whole 176 5.3.2. Identifying uses of whole 176 5.3.3. Noun-intensifying uses of whole 179 5.3.3.1. Closed scale noun-intensifying uses 180 5.3.3.2. Open scale noun-intensifying uses 184 5.3.4. Adjective-intensifying uses of whole 187 5.3.5. From description to identification to nounintensification 190 5.4. Conclusions 190 Chapter 6. The specificity adjectives 193 6.1. Unbounded descriptive modifier uses of particular and specific 195 6.1.1. Objective descriptive modifier uses 195 6.1.2. Subjective descriptive modifier uses 198 6.2. Identifying uses of particular and specific 199 6.2.1. Linking secondary determiner uses 200 6.2.2. Individuating secondary determiner uses 202 6.2.3. Focusing secondary determiner uses 203 6.2.4. The development of secondary determiner uses 205 6.3. Noun-intensifying uses of particular 208 6.3.1. The development of noun-intensifying particular 209 6.3.1.1. The emphatic linking construction 210 6.3.1.2. The negative quantifying construction 214 6.3.2. Collocational evidence for the shift from identification to noun-intensification 215 6.4. Classifying uses of specific 217 6.5. From description to identification (to nounintensification) 220 Chapter 7. Such, zulk and what 223 7.1. Identifying such 225 7.1.1. Type-phoricity 225 7.1.2. Generalized instantiation 227 7.1.3. Definiteness and indefiniteness in conflict 232 7.2. Noun-intensifying such 236 7.2.1. Semantic-pragmatic types of noun-intensification expressed by such 237 7.2.2. Collocational behaviour of noun-intensifying such 239 7.3. The diachronic relation between identifying and noun-intensifying such 245 7.4. A contrastive study of English such and Dutch zulk 248 7.4.1. Identifying zulk 249 7.4.2. Noun-intensifying zulk 251 7.4.3. From identification to noun-intensification ... and back 252 7.5. A comparative study of English such and what 256 7.5.1. Identifying what: an interrogative primary determiner 257 7.5.2. Noun-intensifying what 258 7.5.2.1. Semantic-pragmatic types of nounintensification 258 7.5.2.2. Collocational behaviour 260 7.5.2.3. Syntactic behaviour 260 7.5.3. Identification and noun-intensification: A fuzzy boundary 262 7.5.4. Such and what: A synchronic comparison 264 7.6. Conclusions 266 Chapter 8. Old and little: subjective compounds 267 8.1. Subjective compounds with old 270 8.1.1. General characterization 270 8.1.2. The development of subjective compouns with old 275 8.2. Subjective compounds with little 280 8.2.1. General characterization 280 8.2.2. The development of subjective compouns with little 282 8.3. Objective compounds with old and little 285 8.4. Subjective compounds and their repercussions for subjectivity and subjectification in the NP 287 Summary: Towards a reconciliation of synchrony and diachrony 291 References 301 Subject index 319

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