The Community of St. Cuthbert in the Late Tenth Century: The Chester-le-Street Additions to Durham Cathedral Library A.IV.19 (Text and Context)

"The Community of St. Cuthbert in the Late Tenth Century: The Chester-le-Street Additions to Durham Cathedral Library A.IV.19" reveals the dynamic role a seemingly marginalized community played during a defining period for the emergence of English religious identity. Based on her new critical edition of additions made to Durham Cathedral Library A.IV.19 and by questioning the purpose of those late tenth-century additions, Karen Louise Jolly is able to uncover much about the Chester-le-Street scribes and their tumultuous time, rife as it was with various political tensions, from Vikings and local Northumbrian nobles to an increasingly dominant West Saxon monarchy. Why, for instance, would a priest laboriously insert an Old English gloss above every Latin word in a collection of prayers intended to be performed in Latin? What motivated the same English scribe to include Irish-derived Christian materials in the manuscript, including prayers invoking the archangel Panchiel to clear birds from a field? Jolly's extensive contextual analysis includes a biography of Aldred, the priest and provost of the community primarily responsible for adding these unusual texts. Besides reinterpreting the manuscript's paleography and codicology, she investigates both the drive for reform evidenced by the added liturgical materials and the new importance of Irish-derived encyclopedic and educational materials." Abbreviations ix Illustrations xiii Preface and Acknowledgments xv Chapter 1: History: The Temporal and Geographic Landscape in Northumbria 1 Northumbria and Wessex: English Identity and Christian Reform 4 Chester-le-Street in the Tenth Century: Land and Power 15 The Sociopolitical Landscape 17 The Natural World and the Built Environment 24 Chapter 2: Biography: Aldred and His World 37 Lindisfarne Colophon and Gloss: A Good Woman’s Son Earns a Place 41 Durham Colophon: Provost of Cuthbert’s family 60 Chapter 3: Paleography and Codicology: The Chester-le-Street Scriptorium 71 In the Scriptorium: Paleography and Codicology 73 Medieval Survival and Modern Antiquarians: The Later History of Durham A.IV.19 88 Chapter 4: Liturgy: The Community of St. Cuthbert at Prayer 110 Service Books 112 Office Materials 119 Prayer in the Divine Office 120 Readings 129 Hymns 131 Communal Services 136 Community of the Saints: Memorials for the Living and the Dead 137 Community Service: Blessing Things 143 Chapter 5: Scholarship and Education: The Textual Community at Chester-le-Street 151 Learning to Write and Writing to Learn: Scribe B 155 Thinking and Teaching: Aldred’s Glosses 162 Language Study at Chester-le-Street: Encyclopedic Additions 172 QXI.48 Notae Juris 175 QXI.49 De Octo Pondera 179 QXI.50–52 Official Lists 183 QXI.53–55 Places in Christian History 190 Chapter 6: Conclusion: Religious Formation and the Vocabulary of Prayer 200 In the Scriptorium, Schoolroom, and Library: Reading, Writing, and Study 202 In the Church and Cloister: Individual and Corporate Prayer 207 In the Field and On the Road: Blessings and Protection 210 A Sacramental World 214 The Texts: Additions to Durham Cathedral Library A.IV.19 217 Collation Diagrams 220 Codicological Map 223 Quire VIII 230 Quires IX–X Booklet + Fol. 76 246 Quire XI Booklet 280 Bibliography 361 Index of Texts 395 Index Verborum 397 General Index 402