The Civilising Process of Portuguese Bullfighting: Warriors, Courtiers, Professionals...and Barbarians?

This book uses Norbert Elias’s theory of the civilising process to provide a sociological and historical study of Portuguese bullfighting. Its aim is to understand how bullfighting is historically configured according to the transformations undergone by the society in which it takes place. This means that bullfighting is approached in terms of its relationship with factors such as social structure, state power, the control of violence and the sensitivities and behaviours of different social groups. Its evolution and its construction as an activity can only be explained if we look at these factors from a sociological perspective that takes into account the passage of time. Such a view allows us to think of bullfighting in process and figurational terms. It means going back a thousand years and reconstructing a journey that, overall, cannot be described as a simple succession of facts, laws, dates and decisions by great personalities. On the contrary, this book argues it is a journey subject to the logic of changes in society, power relations and patterns of behaviour considered suitable for social life. And, as a path, it is not defined at random. It has a direction: bullfighting has been moving towards formalisation and pacification for centuries. This book is of special interest to students and scholars of sociological theory, historical sociology, Eliasian theory, and human-animal relations. Preface Contents List of Figures Introduction Chapter 1: The Historical Sociology of Bullfighting Bullfighting from a Process-Figurational Perspective Theoretical and Empirical Bases for Research Chapter 2: Bulls in the Medieval Period Bulls: Hunting, Killing and Playing Bulls and War Warrior Values Conclusion Chapter 3: The Emergence of Dexterity: The Courtesan Bullfight Two Leaflets with Little Effect From Warriors to Courtiers Bulls in the Court How to Fight with Bulls Conclusion Chapter 4: The Construction of the Spectacle: Professional Bullfighting The Civilising Offensive Against Bullfighting The Regulatory State and the Abandonment of the Nobility Civilisation as Spectacle Specialised and Specific Spaces Level of Internal Differentiation Formalisation and Regulation of the Activity Professionalisation of Participants The Show: The Role of the Players and the Balance of Tensions The Social Basis of the Spectacle: Convergences and Divergences Between Portugal and Spain Conclusion Chapter 5: A Civilising Sensibility In the Name of the Spectacle: Adjustments, Nation, Culture and Profit The Show Today ... And in the Future? Sensitivity and Animals Another (New) Dispute Over Civilisation Conclusion Chapter 6: Conclusion: The Civilising Process of Bullfighting The Civilising Process of Bullfighting Barbarians? References Legislation Consulted Parliamentary Debates Primary Sources Secondary Sources Index