The Chemistry of Oil and Petroleum Products (De Gruyter Stem)

This book is devoted to the chemistry of oil and petroleum products and covers the broad range of topics from heavy fuel oils, crude oils and (diluted) bitumen to today‘s research on asphaltenes. Recent methods are summarized and the large new groups of chemicals found in oils are identifi ed as well as described. The work points the way for a more complete understanding of the composition of petroleum. Highlights include: * An update on oil fi ngerprinting * New data using Fourier transform mass spectrometry, forensic tools for naphthenic acid fraction compounds in oil sand environmental samples * Data on vanadium and nickel content changes in the resins of heavy oils, characteristics of their structural and group composition, and the content of heteroatomic (N, S, O) compounds * Study of asphaltenes using direct molecular imaging employing atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) confi rming early findings of the dominance of the ‘island’ molecular structure * An update on the Yen-Mullins model of asphaltenes in reservoirs giving the requisite solution to the asphaltene particle size, thus resolving the gravity term for thermodynamic modeling. A modifi ed polymer solution theory, the Flory-Huggins-Zuo (FHZ) EoS, is provided to model asphaltene gradients in reservoirs. * A suite of oils from the Tarim Basin, Qaidam Basin, Ordos Basin, and Liaohe Basin, China is characterized geochemically to clarify factors that can affect the concentrations and distributions of pyrrolic nitrogen compounds (PNCs) in crude oils. * An update on biomarkers in crude oils * Updates on mass spectrometry techniques applicable to crude oils - Summary of the current research of this topical issue. - Presents new methods and techniques such as two-dimensional chromatography. - Comprehensive description for identying oil chemical composition. About the Editor Preface Contents 1 Introduction to oil chemistry 2 Chemical fingerprints and chromatographic analysis of crude oils and petroleum products 3 Advances in Fourier transform mass spectrometry forensic tools for naphthenic acid fraction compounds in oil sand environmental samples and crude oil 4 Heavy oil resin composition and their influence on asphaltene stability 5 Asphaltenes: structures and applications 6 Asphaltene equation of state and oilfield reservoirs 7 Molecular distributions and geochemical implications of pyrrolic nitrogen compounds in crude oils 8 Analysis of petroleum-related samples by soft ionization/high-resolution mass spectrometry 9 Non-combustion applications of petroleum chemistry 10 Biomarkers in crude oils 11 Photooxidation of crude oil: formation, characterization, and fate of oil photoproducts in the environment 12 Molecular structure characterization of crude oil and its products by mass spectrometry 13 The distillation precipitation fractionation mass spectrometry (DPF-MS) method for molecular profiling of crude oil 14 Hyphenated gas chromatography and mass spectrometry techniques for the analysis of crude oil and petroleum products List of contributing authors Index This first publication devoted to the chemistry of oil and petroleum products covers the broad range of topics from heavy fuel oils, gasoline/diesel fuel, crude oils and (diluted) bitumen to today's research on asphaltenes. Recent methods are summarized and the large new groups of chemicals found in oils are identified as well as described in detail. The work points the way for a more complete understanding of the composition of petroleum