The Carian Language (HANDBOOK OF ORIENTAL STUDIES; Section 1; The Near And Middle East / HANDBUCH DER ORIENTALISTIK, 86)

This handbook provides a complete and updated view of our current knowledge about Carian, one of the Indo-European languages spoken in ancient Anatolia. The decipherment of the Carian alphabet has only recently made it possible to analyze Carian inscriptions and to classify the Carian language linguistically. The book covers all major topics of research on Carian: the direct and indirect sources with an edition of the Carian inscriptions following a new classification system, the history of the decipherment, the Carian alphabet, and the phonological, morphological, lexical, and syntactic features of the language. It includes an annotated Carian glossary. The volume concludes with a special appendix on Carian coins and legends by Koray Konuk that will be of particular interest to specialists in ancient numismatics. CONTENTS FOREWORD ACKNOWLEDGMENTS FOR THE USE OF ILLUSTRATIONS CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION CHAPTER TWO THE INDIRECT SOURCES A. The Glosses 1. Glosses and Pseudo-glosses 2. Interpretation B. The Proper Names 1. The Unity and Continuity of Anatolian Onomastics 2. Present Compilations of Carian and Anatolian Names 3. Carian Names from Indirect Sources vs. Those from Direct Sources CHAPTER THREE THE INSCRIPTIONS A. Introduction 1. The Revised System of Transcription of Carian Letters 2. Vocalism 3. Consonantism B. ‘Para-Carian’ or ‘Caroide’ Inscriptions 1. “Para-Carian” Inscriptions from Caria 2. ‘Para-Carian’ Inscriptions from Other Places 3. The Ostrakon of Hou and the Naukratis Fragment 4. Carian Grafitti from Sardis 5. Carian Inscription from Old Smyrna C. The Carian Inscriptions from Egypt 1. Sais (E.Sa) 2. Memphis (E.Me) 3. Abydos (E.Ab) 4. Thebes, Tomb of Montuemhat (E.Th) 5. Luxor Temple (E.Lu). 6. Murwàw (E.Mu) 7. Silsilis (E.Si) 8. Abu Simbel (E.AS) 9. Buhen (E.Bu) 10. Gebel Sheik Suleiman (E.SS) 11. Unknown Origin, Likely from Egypt (E.xx) D. The Carian Inscriptions from Caria 1. Tralleis (C.Tr) 2. Alabanda and Surroundings (C.Al) 3. Euromos (C.Eu) 4. Kindye (C.Kn) 5. Hyllarima (C.Hy) 6. Mylasa (C.My) 7. Sancutary of Sinuri near Mylasa (C.Si) 8. Kildara (C.Ki) 9. Stratonikeia (C.St) 10. Halikarnassos (C.Ha) 11. Didyma (Ionia, near Milet) (C.Di) 12. Iasos (C.Ia) 13. Keramos (C.Ke) 14. Kaunos (C.Ka) 15. Krya (C.Kr) 16. Inscriptions of Unknown Origin, Presumably from Caria (C.xx) E. The Carian Inscriptions from Greece CHAPTER FOUR THE HISTORY OF THE DECIPHERMENT A. The ‘Semisyllabic Era’ (1887–1962) B. The ‘Greek Alphabetic’ Era C. The ‘Egyptian Approach’ 1. The First Attempts 2. The Seminal Work of Ray 3. The Definitive Decipherment (‘Ray-Schürr-Adiego System’) CHAPTER FIVE THE CARIAN ALPHABET A. Alphabetic Varieties 1. Alphabetic Varieties of Caria Proper 2. Inscriptions from Continental Greece 3. Egyptian Alphabets 4. The Classification of the Alphabets of Caria Proper 5. The Relationship between the Alphabet from Egypt and the Local Alphabetsfrom Caria Proper 6. The Common Origin of the Carian Alphabetic Varieties B. The Origin of the Carian Alphabet CHAPTER SIX PHONOLOGICAL FEATURES A. The Phonological System 1. Vowels and Semivowels 2. Consonants 3. Letters of Uncertain Value 4. Letters of Unknown Value 5. Phonotactics B. Overview of the Historical Phonology of Carian 1. Vocalism 2. Consonants 3. Some Secondary Changes CHAPTER SEVEN ANALYZING CARIAN INSCRIPTIONS A. Basic Onomastic Formulae 1. Inscriptions Consisting of Only an Individual Name 2. Inscriptions Consisting of Only a Twofold Onomastic Formula B. The Structure of the Stelae from Memphis 1. Threefold Formulae 2. Stelae for Women 3. Inscriptions with ted and en 4. Other More Complex Funerary Inscriptions 5. The Rest of the Inscriptions from the Memphis Corpus 6. A First Summary C. Analyzing Brief Inscriptions 1. Inscriptions on Objects 2. Funerary Inscriptions of Caria and Athens 3. The Longest Graffito from Abu Simbel (E.AS 7) D. The Longer Inscriptions 1. The Kaunos Bilingual Inscription 2. The Kaunos Inscription C.Ka 2 3. Sinuri’s Longer Inscription (C.Si 2) 4. The Hyllarima Inscription (C.Hy 1) 5. Other Inscriptions from Caria E. Balance and Some Controversial Questions CHAPTER EIGHT MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES A. Nominal Inflection 1. Nominative Singular 2. Accusative Singular 3. Genitive Singular 4. The -s Ending and the Problem of Carian Datives 5. Other Possible Datives 6. Nominative Plural 7. Accusative Plural 8. Other Possible Case Endings B. Pronominal Inflection C. Verbal Inflection CHAPTER NINE THE GENERAL VOCABULARY AND THE PROPER NAMES A. General Vocabulary B. Proper Names 1. Theophores 2. Some Nominal Stems 3. Verbal Stems 4. Adverbs 5. Lallnamen 6. Suffixes CHAPTER TEN CARIAN AS AN INDO-EUROPEANANATOLIAN LANGUAGE CHAPTER ELEVEN CARIAN GLOSSARY APPENDICES APPENDIX A CARIAN INSCRIPTIONS IN TRANSCRIPTION APPENDIX B CARIAN GLOSSES APPENDIX C CARIAN NAMES IN GREEK SOURCES APPENDIX D CONCORDANCES APPENDIX E COIN LEGENDS IN CARIAN ABBREVIATIONS AND BIBLIOGRAPHY TABLE I THE CARIAN ALPHABET TABLE II CARIAN SIGNS IN COIN LEGENDS INDICES PLATES MAPS COINS Ch. 1. Introduction -- Ch. 2. Indirect Sources -- Ch. 3. Inscriptions -- Ch. 4. History Of The Decipherment -- Ch. 5. Carian Alphabet -- Ch. 6. Phonological Features -- Ch. 7. Analyzing Carian Inscriptions -- Ch. 8. Morphological Features -- Ch. 9. General Vocabulary And The Proper Names -- Ch. 10. Carian As An Indo-european Anatolian Language -- Ch. 11. Carian Glossary -- App. A. Carian Inscriptions In Transcription -- App. B. Carian Glosses -- App. C. Carian Names In Greek Sources -- App. D. Concordances -- App. E. Coin Legends In Carian / K. Konuk. By Ignacio J. Adiego ; With An Appendix By Koray Konuk. Includes Bibliographical References (p. 495-507) And Indexes. This handbook presents a complete and updated view of our current knowledge about Carian, one of the Indo-European languages spoken in ancient Anatolia.