The capitalist conspiracy

Comprehend the mysteries—and the amazing potential—of quantum computing Quantum computing has the promise to be the next huge thing in technology. How do we know that? Look at how much the big players in tech are investing in the technology. Quantum Computing For Dummies preps you for the amazing changes that are coming with the world of computing built on the phenomena of quantum mechanics. Need to know what is it and how does it work? This easy-to-understand book breaks it down and answers your most pressing questions. Get a better understanding of how quantum computing is revolutionizing networking, data management, cryptography, and artificial intelligence in ways that would have previously been unthinkable. With a Dummies guide by your side, you'll get a primer on the inner workings and practical applications of quantum computers. Learn the difference binary and quantum computers Discover which industries will be most influenced by quantum computing See how quantum improves encryption and enables business Take a look at how quantum is applied in big data and AI For technologists and IT pros interested in getting on board the quantum train—plus anyone who's quantum-curious—this Dummies guide is a must-have. Title Page Copyright Page Table of Contents Introduction About This Book Foolish Assumptions Icons Used in This Book Beyond the Book Where to Go from Here Part 1 The Power of Quantum Computing Chapter 1 Quantum Computing Boot Camp Understanding Why Quantum Computing Is So Strange Grasping the Power of Quantum Computing Introducing Puff, the magic — qubit? Superposition, the first quantum superpower Welcoming foreign entanglements Enabling quantum computing with coherence Doing the Math for the Power of Quantum Computing Examining What Quantum Computing Will Do for People Describing Different Types of Quantum Computing Quantum-inspired computing Quantum annealing Gate-based quantum computing Addressing What’s Stopping Us Chapter 2 Looking Back to Early and Classical Computing Understanding Why Classical Computers Are Not Going Away Looking Back to the Prehistory of Computers Counting on the abacus, a forerunner of the classical computer Unearthing the Antikythera, an early orrery Calculating why the slide rule no longer rules Assessing what we can learn from early computers Tracking the Emergence of Classical Computing Counting on the arrival of tabulating machines Examining a mathematical model for classical computers Commemorating the first electronic computer Understanding the invention of byte-sized data Tracking the rise of ICs and microprocessors Joining Classical Computing and Quantum Computing Chapter 3 Examining the Roots of Quantum Computing Identifying the Keys to Quantum Mechanics Finding the fundamentals of fundamental particles Counting the cost of coherence Identifying the Effect of Uncertainty Summarizing the History of Quantum Mechanics Tracing the development of classical mechanics Beginning the quantum revolution Continuing the quantum revolution Laying the groundwork for quantum computing Spotting “spooky action at a distance” Chapter 4 Introducing Quantum Technology 1.0 Finding Lasers at the Cutting Edge Studying Quantum Mechanics After 1930 Speeding the Race for Solar Cells (1890s) Eyeing Electron Microscopes (1931, 1965, and 1981) Optimizing the Transistor (1947) Telling Time with Atomic Clocks (1955) Heating Up Masers and Lasers (1953 and 1960) Scanning for NMR and MRI Devices (1977) Assessing the Effects of Quantum Technology 1.0 Chapter 5 Unveiling Quantum Computing Nailing Together a Framework for Quantum Computing Theorizing in the 1960s and 1970s Foretelling quantum computing and nanotech Keeping cool with reversibility Quantizing money — it’s a hit Cloning quantum states is a no-go no-no Regretting what you can’t have Discovering a star (in information theory) Laying the Groundwork in the 1980s Extending Turing machines to the quantum realm Speaking out on quantum computing Describing a universal quantum computer Espying the CNOT gate Modeling a real quantum computer Annealing for optimization Breaking through in the 1990s with Algorithms and Hardware Connecting with quantum communications Unveiling the first quantum-specific algorithm Shaking the multiverse with Shor’s algorithm Calling quantum for the defense Initiating quantum error correction Finding a groove with Grover’s algorithm Manifesting a working quantum computer Hitting seven lucky qubits in hardware Starting Today’s Quantum Computing Race Chapter 6 Quantum Computing Accelerates Pushing Technical Progress Forward, 2000–2010 Seeing Shor’s algorithm executed (Shor unharmed) Making a quantum leap in education Experiencing spooky action at astronomical distances Moving toward a fully implemented computer Investing More Resources from 2010-2015 Shipping a working annealer from D-Wave Adding software to the incorporation party Causing a quantum panic with Edward Snowden Putting down (square?) roots in quantum computing with Google Bending the Arc of Progress Upward, 2016 to Today Offering quantum computing through the cloud Ruling that there ought to be a law Going universal with IBM Claiming quantum supremacy with Google and others Getting entangled in a Nobel effort Asserting quantum utility with IBM Finding Out What’s Still Needed for Quantum Computing Part 2 Quantum Computing Options Chapter 7 Choosing Between Classical and Quantum Computing Identifying Limitations in Classical Computing Watching the sun go down on Moore Suffering exponential growing pains Fighting fixed ways of thinking The bottom line Finding What’s Right with Quantum Computing Highlighting where quantum computing is better Querying quantum’s status today Looking for early access Needing what quantum computing offers Chapter 8 Getting Started with Quantum Computing Identifying Five Classes of Solutions Dancing to That Algorithm Deciding Whether to Start Now Getting Your Organization Involved Putting together a project team Involving an executive sponsor Depending on algorithm experts Setting goals Considering Quantum-Inspired Solutions Using CPUs and GPUs Using special-purpose hardware Including quantum-inspired solutions Chapter 9 It’s All about the Stack Analyzing the Stack Examining how classical computers stack up Comparing the stack for quantum computers Qubits and control hardware Error mitigation firmware Error correction layer Hardware-aware quantum compiler Logic-level compiler and optimizer Algorithm-driven applications Cloud-based quantum service and software development kit Considering the Annealing Alternative Annealing in the medieval mode Identifying the problem annealing solves Moving on to quantum annealing Identifying where quantum annealers succeed Identifying where quantum annealers fail Choosing a Type of Quantum Computer Chapter 10 Racing for the Perfect Qubit Identifying Three Levels of Qubit Achievement Winning the Race for Focused Quantum Advantage Visiting the Qubit Zoo Deconstructing qubits Defining quantum computing modalities Mapping Out the Modalities Landscape Figuring Out What’s Next Chapter 11 Choosing a Qubit Type Telling the Players Apart with a Scorecard Trapped ion qubits Superconducting qubits Photonic qubits The best of the rest Choosing a Strategy for Quantum Computing Taking advantage of the cloud Sharing a quiet word about companies Part 3 Getting Entangled with Quantum Computing Chapter 12 Programming a Quantum Computer Figuring Out What We Are Doing Figuring Out How to Do It Getting Down to the BASICs Writing the Requirements for a Quantum Program Components of a quantum programming environment Components of a quantum program Thinking Like a Developer Tips for becoming an awesome software developer Setting Up a Development Environment Finding Where to Get Your Quantum On Getting started with the Strangeworks Python SDK Installation Authentication Let’s optimize something Singing QAOA-ooooo Getting started with QAOA Breaking Down a Quantum Algorithm Asking Where Do We Go Now? Chapter 13 Quantum Computing Applications Thinking in Triplicate Cracking Cryptography with Quantum Finding Waldo in a Sea of Striped Hats Grabbing That Cash Insuring That Quantum Makes Its Mark Making the World Go Round with Logistics Dreaming of Machines Learning Searching for the New Oil in Quantum Making Materialism Matter Simulating Our Way to Better Health Finding New Pharmaceuticals Forecasting Future Fog Chapter 14 Quantum Computing Algorithms Mapping Quantum Computing Algorithms to Applications Understanding the Basics of Quantum Algorithms Mapping algorithms to use cases Investing in research Visiting the Quantum Zoo Finding New Kinds of Time Starting with the Deutsch-Jozsa Algorithm Making Shor Quantum Computing Will Be Big Searching with Grover Using the Quantum Phase Estimation Algorithm Applying Simon’s Algorithm Implementing the Quantum Fourier Transform (QFT) Algorithm Stepping into Vaidman’s Quantum Zeno Effect Getting Linear with the HHL Algorithm Solving and Simulating with QAOA Getting Grounded with VQE Assessing Additional Algorithms Identifying What’s Ahead Chapter 15 Cloud Access Options Exploring the Major Types of Options Grouping public cloud providers Examining quantum computer manufacturers Looking at access providers Noting the Importance of Amazon Braket Counting on Azure Quantum Investigating Google Quantum AI Opening Quantum Computer Vendor’s Portals Unlocking Quantum Potential with Strangeworks Perusing a classical catalog of quantum technologies Exploring compute providers Understanding managed applications Chapter 16 Educational Resources Connecting with Online Classes MIT Quantum Information Sciences Quantum Cryptography The Quantum Internet and Quantum Computers: How Will They Change the World? Understanding Quantum Computers Quantum Quest Quantum Machine Learning Quantum Computing: Less Formulas — More Understanding Black Opal Trying Tutorials and Documentation Nielsen and Chuang Documentation for Forest and pyQuil Documentation for Ocean Documentation for Xanadu’s Strawberry Fields IBM Q Full User Guide John Preskill’s Notes on Quantum Computation Qiskit Tutorials The Quantum Algorithm Zoo Quantum Computing Playground Quantum Katas Quantum Machine Learning for Data Scientists Skipping through Unstructured Study Blogs Algorithmic Assertions Bits of Quantum Decodoku Musty Thoughts Quantum Frontiers Quantum Weekly Shtetl Optimized Papers Opportunities and Challenges for Quantum Machine Learning Quantum Machine Learning . . . and More Making Quantum Computing Open: Lessons from Open-Source Projects Getting into Interaction and Fun Communities Interactive Learning Tools Quirk Quantum Odyssey Qubit Touchdown Videos Introduction to Quantum Programming Quantum Computing for Computer Scientists Part 4 The Part of Tens Chapter 17 Ten Myths Surrounding Quantum Computing Myth 1: Quantum Computing Won’t Be Commercially Available for 10–15 Years Myth 2: A Qubit Can Be a 0 and a 1 at the Same Time Myth 3: Quantum Computers Will Replace Classical Computers Myth 4: Only a Physicist Can Program Quantum Computers Myth 5: Quantum Computers Will Soon Solve All Classical Computer Problems Myth 6: We Should All “Shut Up and Calculate” Myth 7: Soon There Will Be Only a Small Number of Quantum Hardware Companies Myth 8: Quantum Companies Have All the Talent They Need to Grow the Industry Myth 9: Quantum Computing Will Destroy Data Encryption Myth 10: Quantum-Safe Cryptography Provides Complete Data Security Chapter 18 Ten Tech Questions Answered Will Quantum Technology Find Its Way into a Consumer Product? Is the Quantum Realm Real? Will Ant-Man Save Our World? How Do You Explain Quantum Computing to a Dummy? Where Is the Quantum Computing Field Going? When Will Quantum Computing Become Commercially Practical? What Is the Coolest Application of Quantum Computing? Where Will Quantum Computing Be the Most Disruptive? How Long Until Shor’s Algorithm Breaks RSA? How Can You Use Quantum Computing in Manufacturing? Where Is the Overlap Between Quantum Computing and AI/ML? Chapter 19 Ten Business Questions Answered How Can I Evaluate the Market for a New Company, Product, or Service? How Do I Evaluate My Employer’s Need to Be an Early Adopter (or Not)? What Roles and Jobs Are Needed in the Current Stage of Development? What Background Is Needed to Learn Quantum Computer Coding? What Advice Can You Give to First-Timers? What University Programs Would You Recommend? Who Is the Current Leading Developer of Quantum Computing? What Should I Do if I Have an Idea for a Startup? What Habits Have Helped You in Your Career? What Are Your Biggest Lessons Learned? Chapter 20 Ten University Research Programs University of Oxford, UK University of California, Berkeley Stanford University Cal Tech Massachusetts Institute of Technology Harvard University University of Chicago University of Maryland University of Waterloo University of New South Wales, Sydney Index EULA