The Cambridge Ancient History, Volume 8: Rome and the Mediterranean to 133 B.C.

Volume VIII covers the period from immediately before the Second Punic War to 133 B.C., the time when Rome acquired effective political mastery of the Mediterranean lands. From the Carthaginians in Spain, the Second Punic War, and the first Roman involvement across the Adriatic, the advance of Roman power is traced through the conquests in Cisalpine Gaul, Spain and Africa in the west and through the conflicts in the east with Macedonia, the Seleucid empire, and finally the Greeks. Interspersed with these themes are chapters on the Seleucids and their rivals, the Greeks of Bactria and India, the internal political life of Rome, and developments in Rome's relationships with her allies and neighbors in Italy. Two concluding chapters explore the interactions, both intellectual and material, between the Roman and Italian tradition and the Greek world. Cover Title Copyright Contents List of maps List of text-figures Preface CHAPTER 1 Sources I. Introduction II. Historians III. Non-historical literature IV. Non-literary evidence CHAPTER 2 The Carthaginians in Spain I. Punic Spain before the Barcids II. Hamilcar and Hasdrubal III. Hannibal and Saguntum CHAPTER 3 The Second Punic War I. The causes of the conflict II. The war in Italy III. Spain IV. Sicily and Sardinia V. The final campaign in Africa VI. The war at sea VII. The war and politics at Rome VIII. Manpower and finance IX. Subjects and allies X. Conclusion Additional note: The elections for 216 B.C. CHAPTER 4 Rome and Greece to 205 B.C. I. The earliest contacts II. The Illyrian wars III. The First Macedonian War CHAPTER 5 Roman expansion in the west I. Introduction II. The subjugation of Cisalpine Gaul III. Spain IV. Rome and Carthage CHAPTER 6 Roman government and politics, 200-134 B.C. I. The constitutional setting II. The nature of Roman politics III. Oligarchic stability (a) The politics of competition (b) Mores (c) Economy and society IV. Forces for change V. Conclusion CHAPTER 7 Rome and Italy in the second century B.C. I. The extension of the ager publicus II. The role of the Italian allies III. Migration and urbanization IV. Military obligations and economic interests V. Roman intervention VI. The transformation of agriculture VII. Social consequences and attempted solutions CHAPTER 8 Rome against Philip and Antiochus I. The east after the Peace of Phoenice II. The Second Macedonian War III . Antiochus the Great CHAPTER 9 Rome, the fall of Macedon and the sack of Corinth I. Rome, Philip and the Greeks after Apamea II. Perseus III. The end of Greek freedom CHAPTER 10 The Sekucids and their rivals I. Asia Minor, 188-158 B.C. (a) The A ttalid monarchy at its peak (b) Rome's rebuff to Humenes (c) Rhodes, 189-164 B.C. II. The Seleucid monarchy, 187-162 B.C. (a) Seleucus IV (b) The early years of Antiochus IV (c) The war ivitb Egypt (d) Antiochus and the Jews (e) Antiochus in the east (f) Antiochus V III. The decline of the Seleucids, 162-129 B.C. (a) Demetrius I (b) Kings and usurpers (c) The catastrophe of hellenism IV. Asia Minor, 158-129 B.C. (a) The last Attalids and the origin of Roman Asia (b) Rhodes after 164 B.C. V. Epilogue: Roman policy in the east, 189-129 B.C. CHAPTER 11 The Greeks of Bactria and India I. Introduction II. The early rulers III. Menander IV. Successors of Menander V. Conclusion Appendix I: The Graeco-Bactrian and the Indo-Greek kings in chronological and genealogical group arrangements Appendix II: Territorial jurisdictions of the Graeco-Bactrian and Indo-Greek kings CHAPTER 12 Roman tradition and the Greek world I. The Roman tradition II. The early rulers III. Contacts with the Greek world in the early second century IV. Reaction and acceptance V. From the battle of Pydna to the fall of Corinth VI. Conclusion CHAPTER 13 The transformation of Italy, 300-133 B.C. The evidence of archaeology I. Before the Second Punic War a. The first quarter of the third century (i) Introduction (ii) Production and trade (iii) Art and architecture b. From the surrender of Tarentum to the beginning of the Second Punic War, 272-218 B.C. (i) Production and trade (ii) Architecture and town planning (iii) Art II. From the Second Punic War to the Gracchi, 218-133 B.C. a. A new context b. Production (i) Agricultural production (ii) Craft production c. Architecture and art (i) General observations (ii) Architecture (iii) Plastic arts III. Conclusion Three Hellenistic dynasties I . THE SELEUCIDS 2. THE ANT1GONIDS 3 . THE ATTALIDS Genealogical tables THE ATTALIDS THE ANTIGONIDS THE SELEUCIDS Chronological table BIBLIOGRAPHY Abbreviations Bibliography A. General studies and works of reference B. Sources a. Commentaries and other works concerning ancient authors b. Epigraphy c. Numismatics d. Excavation reports and archaeological studies e. Other C. Rome and Carthage D. Rome, Greece and Macedonia E. The Seleucids and their neighbours a. Seleucids and the Seleucid kingdom b. Antiochus the Great and the war with Rome c. The Attalid kingdom (including Aristonicus d. Rhodes e. Palestine and the Maccabees F. The Greeks of Bactria and India G. The Romans in Spain H. Rome and Italy a. Constitutional studies and the nature of Roman politics b. Political and public life c. Biographical studies d. Social life and institutions e. Rome and the Italians f. Cisalpine Gaul g. Roman literature and culture: Greek influences h. Roman and Italian culture: archaeological evidence ;. Other I. Miscellaneous Over the past half century The Cambridge Ancient History has established itself as a definitive work of reference. The original edition was published in twelve text volumes between 1924 and 1939. Publication of the new edition began in 1970. Every volume of the old edition has been totally re-thought and re-written with new text, maps, illustrations and bibliographies. Some volumes have had to be expanded into two or more parts and the series has been extended by two extra volumes (XIII and XIV) to cover events up to AD 600, bringing the total number of volumes in the set to fourteen. Existing plates to the volumes are available separately. *Profusely illustrated with maps, drawings and tables. *Comprehensive coverage of all aspects of the history of the ancient Mediterranean and Near East from prehistoric times to AD 600 by an international cast of editors and contributors Volume VIII begins immediately prior to the Second Punic War and concludes with the Roman destruction of the Greek city of Corinth in 133 B.C. This period marks Rome's expansion, from an Italian power, into the effective ruler of the Mediterranean world. The volume deals with the Second Punic War, the first Roman involvement across the Adriatic, conquests in Cisalpine Gaul, Spain and Africa in the west, and then to in the east with Macedonia, the Seleucid empire, and finally the Greeks. Interspersed with these themes are chapters on the Seleucids and their rivals, the Greeks of Bactria and India, the internal political life of Rome, and developments in Rome's relationships with her allies and neighbors in Italy. Two concluding chapters explore the interactions, both intellectual and material, between the Roman and Italian tradition, and the Greek world. The period covered by this volume saw a vast expansion of Roman power, an expansion which extended Roman military and political domination over virtually the entire Mediterranean world, from west to east, from Spanish tribes to Hellenistic kingdoms.