داروشناسی بریتانیا، ۱۸۶۴ تا ۲۰۱۴: داروها، استانداردهای بین‌المللی و دولت (تاریخ پزشکی در زمینه)

The British Pharmacopoeia has provided official standards for the quality of substances, medicinal products and articles used in medicine since its first publication in 1864. It is used in over 100 countries and remains an essential global reference in pharmaceutical research and development and quality control. This book explores how these standards have been achieved through a comprehensive review of the history and development of the pharmacopoeias in the UK, from the early London, Edinburgh and Dublin national pharmacopoeias to the creation of the British Pharmacopoeia and its evolution over 150 years. Trade in medicinal substances and products has always been global, and the British Pharmacopoeia is placed in its global context as an instrument of the British Empire as it first sought to cover the needs of countries such as India and latterly as part of its role in international harmonisation of standards in Europe and elsewhere. The changing contents of the pharmacopoeias over this period reflect the changes in medical practice and the development of dosage forms from products dispensed by pharmacists to commercially manufactured products, from tinctures to the latest monoclonal antibody products. The book will be of equal value to historians of medicine and pharmacy as to practitioners of medicine, pharmacy and pharmaceutical analytical chemistry. Cover 1 Contents 6 List of Figures 8 About the Author 10 Preface 12 Acknowledgements 14 List of Acronyms and Abbreviations 16 Notes on References 20 Disclaimer 22 Part I: Origins, Development and Maturity 24 1 The Earlier British National Pharmacopoeias: London, Edinburgh and Dublin 26 2 Early Years: 1864–1914 52 3 Middle Years: 1914–1968 70 4 Later Years: 1968–2014 116 Part II: The British Pharmacopoeia in International Context 160 5 British Pharmacopoeia and the European Pharmacopoeia 162 6 International Harmonisation of Pharmacopoeias 174 Part III: Change and Continuity 186 7 Changes in Therapeutics 1864–2014 188 8 Changes in Analytical Methods 1864–2014 228 Index 256 The Earlier British National Pharmacopoeias : London, Edinburgh, And Dublin -- Early Years : 1864-1914 -- Middle Years : 1914-1968 -- Later Years : 1968-2014 -- British Pharmacopoeia And The European Pharmacopoeia -- International Harmonisation Of Pharmacopoeias -- Changes In Therapeutics, 1864-2014 -- Changes In Analytical Methods, 1864-2014. By Anthony C. Cartwright. Includes Bibliographical References And Index.