The Brazil Reader: History, Culture, Politics (The Latin America Readers)

From the first encounters between the Portuguese and indigenous peoples in 1500 to the current political turmoil, the history of Brazil is much more complex and dynamic than the usual representations of it as the home of Carnival, soccer, the Amazon, and samba would suggest. This extensively revised and expanded second edition of the bestselling__Brazil Reader__dives deep into the past and present of a country marked by its geographical vastness and cultural, ethnic, and environmental diversity. Containing over one hundred selections—many of which appear in English for the first time and which range from sermons by Jesuit missionaries and poetry to political speeches and biographical portraits of famous public figures, intellectuals, and artists—this collection presents the lived experience of Brazilians from all social and economic classes, racial backgrounds, genders, and political perspectives over the past half-millennia. Whether outlining the legacy of slavery, the roles of women in Brazilian public life, or the importance of political and social movements,__The Brazil Reader__provides an unparalleled look at Brazil’s history, culture, and politics. Cover Contents Acknowledgments Introduction I. Conquest and Colonial Rule, 1500–1579 Letter to King Manuel I of Portugal Captaincy Charter Granted to Duarte Coelho Letter from a Jesuit Friar Impressions of a French Calvinist Indigenous Experiences of Colonization On Cannibals On the Customs of the Indians of the Land A Description of the Tupinambá History of a Voyage to the Land of Brazil Portraits: Hans Staden II. Sugar and Slavery in the Atlantic World, 1580–1694 Letter from a Portuguese Trader Exploration of the Amazon The Inquisition in Brazil Excerpts from the Sermon on the Rosary The Sugar Industry The Dutch Siege of Olinda and Recife An Eyewitness Account of the First Battle of Guararapes Two Documents in the War against Palmares Bandeirantes Portraits: Count Johan Maurits von Nassau-Seigen III. Gold and the New Colonial Order, 1695–1807 The Brazilian Gold Rush The Minas Uprising of 1720 Expulsion of the Jesuits from Brazil Portugal, Brazil, and The Wealth of Nations Poems from Baroque Minas Tiradentes’s Sentence The Tailors’ Revolt Letter from a Sugar Mill Owner Portraits: Chica da Silva de Oliveira IV. The Portuguese Royal Family in Rio de Janeiro, 1808–1821 The Royal Family’s Journey to Brazil Letter from a Son in Brazil to His Father in Portugal Treaty between Portugal and Great Britain Rio de Janeiro’s First Medical School The Influence of the Haitian Revolution in Brazil Petition for Pedro I to Remain in Brazil Speech Given at the Cortes (National Assembly) of Lisbon Portraits: Empress Maria Leopoldina of Brazil V. From Independence to the Abolition of the Slave Trade, 1822–1850 On the Declaration of Brazilian Independence Acclamation of Pedro as Emperor of Brazil On Slavery From the Journal of Maria Graham Portugal Recognizes the Brazilian Empire The Malê Revolt How to Write the History of Brazil Scenes from the Slave Trade Cruelty to Slaves The Praieira Revolution Manifesto to the World Portraits: José Bonifácio de Andrada e Silva VI. Coffee, the Empire, and Abolition, 1851–1888 Memoirs of a Settler in Brazil O Guarani The U.S. Civil War and Slave Rebellions in Brazil The Slave Ship Victims and Executioners The Republican Manifesto Law of the Free Womb Early Brazilian Feminism Letters to the French Mineralogist Claude-Henri Gorceix Selections from Abolitionism A Critique of José de Alencar’s O Guarani Abolition Decree Portraits: Emperor Dom Pedro II VII. Republican Brazil and the Onset of Modernization, 1889–1929 Hymn of the Proclamation of the Republic The Human Races Os Sertões or Rebellion in the Backlands The Owner’s Pastry Shop Revolt of the Whip Three Types of Bureaucrats On the Mestizo in Brazil Demands of the São Paulo General Strike of 1917 Brazil and World War I The Cannibalist Manifesto (Manifesto Antropófago) Macunaíma Revolutionary Manifestos from the Tenentes Revolts An Essay on Brazilian Sadness Portraits: Tarsila do Amaral VIII. Getúlio Vargas, the Estado Novo, and World War II, 1930–1945 From the Platform of the Liberal Alliance Prestes’s Declaration about the Liberal Alliance The Masters and the Slaves Speech by the First Woman Elected to Congress in Brazil Manifesto of the National Liberating Alliance The Cordial Man Vargas and the Estado Novo Rubber and the Allies’ War Effort Portraits: Patrícia Galvão (Pagú) IX. Democratic Governance and Developmentalism, 1946–1964 Telenovelas in Constructing the Country of the Future The Oil Is Ours An Unrelenting Critic of Vargas Vargas’s Suicide Letter The Life of a Factory Worker Operation Pan America Excerpts from Child of the Dark Education as a Practice of Freedom Letter of Manumission for the Brazilian Peasant Brazil’s New Foreign Policy Development and the Northeast President João Goulart’s Speech at Central do Brasil March of the Family with God for Freedom The U.S. Government and the 1964 Coup d’État Portraits: Oscar Niemeyer X. The Generals in Power and the Fight for Democracy, 1964–1985 Institutional Act No. 1 A U.S. Senator Supports the New Military Government The Brazilian Revolution The Myth of Racial Democracy A Brazilian Congressional Representative Speaks Out Institutional Act No. 5 Letter from the Ilha Grande Prison The Kidnapping of the U.S. Ambassador A Letter to Pope Paul VI Two Presidents at the White House National Security and the Araguaian Guerrillas What Color Are You?, National Household Sample Study, Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics Second-Wave Brazilian Feminism LGBT Rights and Democracy The Movement for Political Amnesty Lula’s May Day Speech to Brazilian Workers Portraits: Caetano Veloso and Gilberto Gil XI. Redemocratization and the New Global Economy, 1985–Present Forty Seconds of AIDS Affirmative Action in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs A Young Voice from the MST World Social Forum Charter of Principles The Bolsa Família Program Music, Culture, and Globalization The Inaugural Speech of Brazil’s First Female President The June Revolts Portraits: Herbert Daniel Suggestions for Further Reading Brazil in the Movies Acknowledgment of Copyrights and Sources Index A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Z Color Plates “From the first encounters between the Portuguese and indigenous peoples in 1500 to the current political turmoil, the history of Brazil is much more complex and dynamic than the usual representations of it as the home of Carnival, soccer, the Amazon, and samba would suggest. This extensively revised and expanded second edition of the best-selling Brazil Reader dives deep into the past and present of a country marked by its geographical vastness and cultural, ethnic, and environmental diversity. Containing over one hundred selections--many of which appear in English for the first time and which range from sermons by Jesuit missionaries and poetry to political speeches and biographical portraits of famous public figures, intellectuals, and artists--this collection presents the lived experience of Brazilians from all social and economic classes, racial backgrounds, genders, and political perspectives over the past half millennium. Whether outlining the legacy of slavery, the roles of women in Brazilian public life, or the importance of political and social movements, The Brazil Reader provides an unparalleled look at Brazil's history, culture, and politics." -- Provided by the publisher "From the first encounters between the Portuguese and indigenous peoples in 1500 to the current political turmoil, the history of Brazil is much more complex and dynamic than the usual representations of it as the home of Carnival, soccer, the Amazon, and samba would suggest. This extensively revised and expanded second edition of the best-selling Brazil Reader dives deep into the past and present of a country marked by its geographical vastness and cultural, ethnic, and environmental diversity. Containing over one hundred selections--many of which appear in English for the first time and which range from sermons by Jesuit missionaries and poetry to political speeches and biographical portraits of famous public figures, intellectuals, and artists--this collection presents the lived experience of Brazilians from all social and economic classes, racial backgrounds, genders, and political perspectives over the past half millennium. Whether outlining the legacy of slavery, the roles of women in Brazilian public life, or the importance of political and social movements, The Brazil Reader provides an unparalleled look at Brazil's history, culture, and politics."--Publisher's website Containing over one hundred selections—many of which appear in English for the first time—this extensively revised and expanded second edition of the bestselling Brazil Reader presents the lived experience of Brazilians from all social and economic classes, racial backgrounds, genders, and political perspectives over the past half-millennia.