The Book of Memory: A Study Of Memory In Medieval Culture (Cambridge Studies in Medieval Literature)

Mary Carruthers's Classic Study Of The Training And Uses Of Memory For A Variety Of Purposes In European Cultures During The Middle Ages Has Fundamentally Changed The Way Scholars Understand Medieval Culture. This Fully Revised And Updated Second Edition Considers Afresh All The Material And Conclusions Of The First. While Responding To New Directions In Research Inspired By The Original, This New Edition Devotes Much More Attention To The Role Of Trained Memory In Composition, Whether Of Literature, Music, Architecture, Or Manuscript Books. The New Edition Will Reignite The Debate On Memory In Medieval Studies And, Like The First, Will Be Essential Reading For Scholars Of History, Music, The Arts And Literature, As Well As Those Interested In Issues Of Orality And Literacy (anthropology), In The Working And Design Of Memory (both Neuropsychology And Artificial Memory), And In The Disciplines Of Meditation (religion). Models For The Memory -- Descriptions Of The Neuropsychology Of Memory -- Elementary Memory Design -- The Arts Of Memory -- Memory And The Ethics Of Reading -- Memory And Authority -- Memory And The Book. Mary Carruthers. Includes Bibliographical References (p. 458-493) And Indexes. Cover 1 The Book of Memory 3 Series Page 4 Title 5 Copyright 6 Contents 7 Illustrations 8 Preface to the second edition 11 Abbreviations 17 Introduction 19 Chapter I - Models for the memory 36 TABULA MEMORIAE 36 THESAURUS SAPIENTIAE 55 Chapter II - Descriptions of the neuropsychology of memory 74 THE MEMORY-IMAGE 75 Brain physiology and the formation of memories 78 Thomas Aquinas: a seal impressed in wax 87 Dream-images and memory-images 91 RECOLLECTION 94 Recollection as investigation 97 Memory and the habits of virtue 99 THE ARCHITECTURAL MNEMONIC 107 Chapter III - Elementary memory design 117 THE NUMERICAL GRID 117 Learning by heart: Hugh of St. Victor on memorizing the Psalms 118 Division and composition 124 ‘‘Memoria rerum’’ 131 Formatting the page of memory 136 Orality, literacy, memory, and citation of texts 140 Robert of Basevorn’s quoting schemes 149 THE ALPHABET AND KEY-WORD SYSTEM 153 Notes and places 153 Writing and memory 157 Indices and chains 161 Chapter IV - The arts of memory 171 JOHN OF GARLAND (C. 1230) AND THE BESTIARY 173 THOMAS BRADWARDINE, ON ACQUIRING A TRAINED MEMORY (C. 1335) 181 ALBERTUS MAGNUS, ARISTOTLE, AND THE RHETORICA AD HERENNIUM 190 TEACHING AN ART OF MEMORY IN UNIVERSITIES 204 MEMORY AND DIALECTIC IN THE VERBAL ARTS 207 Chapter V - Memory and the ethics of reading 213 COMPOSITION AS GATHERING (OCKHAM, RICHARD DE BURY, AND PETRARCH) 214 MEMORY, DIGESTION, AND RUMINATION IN MONASTIC READING 220 TWO WAYS OF READING 230 FLOWERS OF READING I: HELOISE 235 FLOWERS OF READING II: FRANCESCA 245 Chapter VI - Memory and authority 252 THE INTENTION OF THE WORK 252 CONSIDER THE BEES 255 COMPOSING A WORK: INVENTION 258 COLLECTING AND RECOLLECTING 261 THE DICTAMEN 268 TWO MEDIEVAL AUTHORS AT WORK 275 GLOSSING: MAKING A TEXT AN AUTHOR 283 Chapter VII - Memory and the book 292 ‘‘PAINTURE’’ AND ‘‘PAROLE’’ 292 Imagines rerum in psalters for study 299 MENTAL PICTURES 309 Hugh of St. Victor: the construction of Noah’s Ark 311 Hugh de Fouilloy: The Dove and the Hawk 321 ‘DISTINGUISHING’ THE BOOK 327 Marginal notes 327 Diagrams 342 Appendix A 357 HUGH OF ST. VICTOR: ‘‘THE THREE BEST MEMORY-AIDS FOR LEARNING HISTORY’’ 357 Appendix B 363 ALBERTUS MAGNUS: DE BONO, TRACTATUS IV, QUAESTIO II ‘‘DE PARTIBUS PRUDENTIAE’’ 363 ARTICLE ONE: WHAT MEMORIA MIGHT BE 363 ARTICLE TWO: CONCERNING THE ART OF MEMORY 366 Appendix C 379 THOMAS BRADWARDINE: ‘‘ON ACQUIRING A TRAINED MEMORY’’ 379 Notes 387 PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION 387 INTRODUCTION 387 CHAPTER 1 389 CHAPTER 2 404 CHAPTER 3 414 CHAPTER 4 430 CHAPTER 5 438 CHAPTER 6 452 CHAPTER 7 460 APPENDIX A 473 APPENDIX B 473 APPENDIX C 475 Bibliography 476 I REFERENCE WORKS 476 II CATALOGUES OF MANUSCRIPT COLLECTIONS AND EXHIBITIONS 477 III EDITIONS AND TRANSLATIONS 479 IV FACSIMILE EDITIONS OF MANUSCRIPTS 488 V HISTORY AND CRITICISM 488 Index of manuscripts 512 General index 514