The Bloomsbury Companion to Marx (Bloomsbury Companions)

"There are very few figures in history that have exerted as much and as varied an influence as Karl Marx. His work represents an unrivalled intervention into fields as various as philosophy, journalism, economics, history, politics and cultural criticism. His name is invoked across the political spectrum in connection to revolution and insurrection, social justice and economic transformation. The Bloomsbury Companion to Marx is the definitive reference guide to Marx's life and work. Written by an international team of leading Marx scholars, the book offers comprehensive coverage of Marx's: life and contexts; sources, influences and encounters; key writings; major themes and topics; and reception and influence. The defining feature of this Companion is its attention to the new directions in Marxism that animate the theoretical, scientific, and political sides of Marx's thought. Gender and the growing importance of Marxist-feminism is treated as equally important to clarifying Marx today as traditional and diverse categories of critique such as class, capital, and mode of production. Similarly, this Companion showcases the methodological and political importance of Marxism to environmentalist politics. Finally, the volume examines in detail non-European Marxisms, demonstrating the centrality of Marxist thought to political movements both within and beyond the global north. This book is the ideal research resource for anyone working on Marx and his ideas today, and as an entry point, if you are approaching Marx's thought for the first time."--Bloomsbury Publishing. Cover page Halftitle page Series page Title page Copyright page Dedication Contents List of Contributors Preface Acknowledgments Introduction Part I Key Writings A. Key Texts 1 Introduction to a Critique of Hegel’s Philosophy of Right (1843–1844) Notes References 2 The Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts of 1844 (1844) Note References 3 “Theses on Feuerbach” (1845–1846) References 4 The German Ideology References 5 The Communist Manifesto (1848) References 6 The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte (1852) I II III References 7 The Grundrisse (1858) Notes References 8 A Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy (1859) References 9 Capital: A Critique of Political Economy, Volume I (1867) How Capital is Organized and One Way to Read it Part VIII: So-Called Primitive Accumulation Elaborating the Theory Notes Reference 10 The Civil War in France (1871) References 11 “Critique of the Gotha Program” (1875) References Part II Context B. Philosophical and Historical Context 12 Materialism and the Natural Sciences References Bibliography 13 The Christian State On Definition Holding Back the Tide? Aufhebung of the Christian State Notes References 14 Liberalism and its Discontents The German Context Political Liberalism Economic Liberalism Intellectual Critique Journalism as Activism Political Economy The “Social Question” Partnership with Engels Radical Liberalism After the Revolution Marx is Back! References 15 Philosophical Constellations 16 Nineteenth-Century Social Theory Foundations: Positivism and Materialism Methodology: Ethnographic and Sociological Society as Object: The Rise of Social Evolutionism Notes References 17 Industry, Technology, Energy Industry Technology Energy Notes References 18 Engels Constructing Engels: From The Condition on the Working Class to The Dialectics of Nature Engels’s Materialism: Some Notes on Scientific Socialism Engels in the Twenty-First Century: A Green Engels? Conclusion: An Engels for the Twenty-First Century References C. Sources and Influences 19 Ancient Philosophy 1. Marx and the Ancients 2. Philosophical Materialisms and the Problem of Freedom 3. Aristotle and Marx: Praxis and Critique 3. Aristotle and Marx on the Essence of the Human “Species” and the Possibility of Alienation References 20 Hegelianism The Dialectic Dialectical Hegelianism Notes References 21 Political Economy1 Marx and Political Economy Political Economy: Classical and Vulgar Capitalism as a Historical Mode of Production Civil Society . . . . . . and its Volatile Expansionism Value: The Unseen Regulator Distribution Biological Economy: The Real Dismal Science Ricardo’s Antinomies Conclusion Note References 22 French Socialism and Communism Notes References 23 Marx’s German and British Political Encounters Introduction 1. First Encounter: “The Union of Thinking and Speaking” 2. Second Encounter: The Communist Party of 1848 3. Third Encounter: The International Workingmen’s Association Conclusion References: Part III Key Themes and Topics D. Key Themes and Topics 24 Abstraction Overview Who is a Political Economist? What is Political Economy? Abstract and Concrete Labor Abstraction in Critical Theory Today? References 25 Accumulation The Logic of Accumulation The History of Accumulation Notes References 26 Alienation Notes References 27 Base and Superstructure Notes References 28 Capital Introduction 1. How does Marx Introduce the Concept of Capital into Capital ? 2. How does Marx Explain the Creation of Surplus Value and Capital on the Basis of Equivalent Exchange? 3. How does Capital Come to Appear as “Fruit-Bearing”? Notes on the “Capital-Fetish” Notes References 29 Circulation Categories and Concepts for Analyzing Circulation Circulation and the Critique of Ideology Notes References 30 Crisis Cyclical Crisis and Credit Secular Crisis and Unemployment Unity of Crisis Notes References 31 Dialectics References 32 Exploitation Introduction Primary Exploitation Secondary Exploitation Debates Development Conclusion Notes References 33 Fetishism Notes References 34 History and Class Struggle References 35 Ideology References 36 Imperialism References 37 Mediation References 38 Mode of Production References 39 Nature and Ecology Notes References 40 Primitive Accumulation Acknowledgements Notes References 41 Profit Introduction Why is Profit Controversial? The Austro-Hungarian Revenge: The Retreat from Reality and the Assault on Marx References 42 Property 1. Conceptual Development 2. Historical Varieties of Property Notes References 43 Religion Marx’s Dialectical Understanding of Religion Marx’s “Meta-critique” of Religion: From the Criticism of Heaven to the Criticism of Earth Fetishism and “Religion of Everyday Life” Updating and Fine-tuning Marx’s Critique of Religion References 44 Reproduction Simple and Expanded Reproduction Reproduction of the Capital–Labor Relation The Marxist-Feminist Critique Notes References 45 Revolutionary Communism References 46 Revolutionary Strategy Notes References 47 Social Relations References 48 Utopia Notes References 49 Value 50 Work References Part IV Reception and Influence E. Marx after Marx 51 Soviet Union and Eastern Europe References 52 Latin America Notes References 53 China References 54 Japan I II III Notes References 55 Western Europe Notes References 56 The Arab World Early Arab Marxism, or Arab Old Left Marxism: From the Early 1900s to the Late 1960s Arab New Left Marxism: From the 1960s to the Present The Recent Arab Revolts and the Future of Marxism in the Arab World Notes References 57 India Historical Antecedents to Marxism in India Marxism and the Nationalist Movement (1913–1947) Marxism in Post-Colonial India (1947–Present) Indian Historiography and Philosophy Subaltern Studies Conclusion References 58 Africa 59 North America References 60 Indigenous Internationalisms Notes References F. Contemporary Theory and Philosophy 61 Literature and Culture I II III References 62 Cultural Studies Early British Cultural Studies: From the 1950s to the 1960s Birmingham Cultural Studies: From the 1970s to the 1980s Post-Modern Cultural Studies: From the 1980s to the 2000s Emergent Cultural Studies: From the 2000s to the Present Notes References 63 Ecology and Environmentalism Notes References 64 Gender and Feminism References 65 Geography References 66 Materialisms Mattering Mind vs. Minding Matter Historical Materialism New Materialism Beyond Materialism as Critique References 67 Philosophy References 68 Political Economy Characteristics Characteristics of Marxian Political Economy Contemporary Domains of Political Economic Research References 69 Political Theory Political Marx or Marxian Critique of Politics? The Three Sources and Three Component Parts Revisited Politics and the Political References 70 Psychoanalysis Note References 71 Racism References 72 Sociology Notes References 73 Technology References 74 Uneven Development References Index Preface / Wolfgang Fritz Haug -- A. Key Texts -- 1. Introduction To A Critique Of Hegel's Philosophy Of Right (1843-44) / Jerilyn Sambrooke Losch -- 2. The Economic And Philosophical Manuscripts Of 1844 (1843-1844) / Judith Grant --3. Theses On Feuerbach (1845-1846) / Andrew Pendakis -- 4. The German Ideology / Anna Kornbluh -- 5. The Communist Manifesto (1848) / Peter Lamb -- 6. The Eighteenth Brumaire Of Louis Bonaparte (1852) / Gavin Walker -- 7. The Grundrisse (1858) / Nick Nesbitt -- 8. A Contribution To The Critique Of Political Economy (1859) / Simon Choat -- 9. Capital: A Critique Of Political Economy, Volume I (1867) / Harry Cleaver -- 10. The Civil War In France (1871) / Franco Bifo Berardi -- 11. Critique Of The Gotha Program (1875) / Andrew Pendakis -- B. Philosophical And Historical Context -- 12. Materialism And Natural Sciences / Maurizia Boscagli -- 13. The Christian State / Roland Boer -- 14. Liberalism And Its Discontents / Terrell Carver -- 15. Philosophical Constellations / Christian Thorne -- 16. Nineteenth-century Social Theory / Corbin Hiday -- 17. Industry, Technology, Energy / Robert Johnson -- 18. Engels / Jordan Kinder -- C. Sources And Influences -- 19. Ancient Philosophy / Aaron Jaffe And Cinzia Arruzza -- 20. Hegelianism / Andrew Cole -- 21. Political Economy / Radhika Desai -- 22. French Socialism And Communism / Jonathan Beecher -- 23. Marx's German And British Political Encounters / William Clare Roberts -- D. Key Themes And Topics -- 24. Abstraction / Leigh Claire La Berge -- 25. Accumulation / Sean O'brien -- 26. Alienation / Tim Bewes -- 27. Base And Superstructure / Edgar Illas -- 28. Capital / Elena Louisa Lange -- 29. Circulation / Atle Mikkola Kjøsen -- 30. Crisis / Joshua Clover -- 31. Dialectics / Carolyn Lesjak -- 32. Exploitation / Matt Cole -- 33. Fetishism / James Penney -- 34. History And Class Struggle / Peter Hitchcock -- 35. Ideology / Tanner Mirrlees -- 36. Imperialism / Tanner Mirrlees -- 37. Mediation / Ruth Jennison -- 38. Mode Of Production / Jason Read -- 39. Nature And Ecology / Philip Campanile And Michael Watts -- 40. Primitive Accumulation / Jordy Rosenberg -- 41. Profit / Alan Freeman -- 42. Property / Christian Schmidt -- 43. Religion / Jan Rehmann -- 44. Reproduction / Amy De'ath -- 45. Revolutionary Communism / Peter Hudis -- 46. Revolutionary Strategy / Peter Hallward -- 47. Social Relations / Kevin Floyd -- 48. Utopia / Gerry Canavan -- 49. Value / Mathias Nilges -- 50. Work / David Ravensbergen -- E. Marx After Marx -- 51. Soviet Union And Eastern Europe / Joe Grim Feinberg -- 52. Latin America / Emilio Sauri -- 53. China / Rebecca Karl -- 54. Japan / Gavin Walker -- 55. Western Europe / Jan Kandiyali -- 56. The Arab World / Jaafar Aksikas -- 57. India / Dhruv Jain -- 58. Africa / Priya Lal -- 59. North America / Tanner Mirrlees -- 60. Indigenous Internationalisms / Deena Rymhs -- F. Contemporary Theory And Philosophy -- 61. Literature And Culture / Sarah Brouillette -- 62. Cultural Studies / Jaafar Aksikas -- 63. Ecology And Environmentalism / Danijela Dolenec -- 64. Gender And Feminism / Leopoldina Fortunati -- 65. Geography / Matt Huber -- 66. Materialisms / David Chandler -- 67. Philosophy / Panagiotis Sortiris -- 68. Political Economy / Justin Paulson -- 69. Political Theory / Bruno Bosteels -- 70. Psychoanalysis / A. Kiarina Kordela -- 71. Racism / Barbara Foley -- 72. Sociology / Samir Gandesha -- 3. Technology / Mckenzie Wark -- 74. Uneven Development / Harry Harootunian. Edited By Jeff Diamanti, Andrew Pendakis And Imre Szeman. Includes Bibliographical References And Index. "There are very few figures in history that have exerted as much and as varied an influence as Karl Marx. His work represents an unrivalled intervention into fields as various as philosophy, journalism, economics, history, politics and cultural criticism. His name is invoked across the political spectrum in connection to revolution and insurrection, social justice and economic transformation.The Bloomsbury Companion to Marx is the definitive reference guide to Marx's life and work. Written by an international team of leading Marx scholars, the book offers comprehensive coverage of Marx's: life and contexts; sources, influences and encounters; key writings; major themes and topics; and reception and influence.The defining feature of this Companion is its attention to the new directions in Marxism that animate the theoretical, scientific, and political sides of Marx's thought. Gender and the growing importance of Marxist-feminism is treated as equally important to clarifying Marx today as traditional and diverse categories of critique such as class, capital, and mode of production. Similarly, this Companion showcases the methodological and political importance of Marxism to environmentalist politics. Finally, the volume examines in detail non-European Marxisms, demonstrating the centrality of Marxist thought to political movements both within and beyond the global north.This book is the ideal research resource for anyone working on Marx and his ideas today, and as an entry point, if you are approaching Marx's thought for the first time."--Site de l'éditeur Written by an international team of leading Marx scholars, this is the definitive reference guide to Marx's life and work for anyone studying, researching or working on his ideas today. The defining feature of this companion is its attention to new directions in Marxism. Gender and the growing prominence of Marxist-feminism are treated as equally important within the Marxist conceptual canon as traditional categories of critique such as class, capital, and mode of production. Similarly, it showcases the importance of Marxism to environmentalist politics and examines non-European Marxisms in detail, demonstrating the centrality of Marxist thought to political movements beyond the global North