The bedford reader - 14th ed

The first Bedford title ever published, The Bedford Reader continues to make its mark. This popular composition reader combines timeless readings with the leading voices of our time. It takes a practical and flexible approach to the rhetorical methods, focusing on their uses in varied writing situations. The unique “Writers on Writing” feature connects reflections from professional writers with point-of-need advice for student writers, and the Kennedys' proven approach to instruction helps students connect critical reading to academic writing. The new edition has been thoroughly revised with engaging new readings by diverse writers, a stronger foundation in reading and writing, and new graphic organizers to visually outline how to use each method. About this Book Cover Page Inside Front Cover Methods for Achieving Your Purpose Title Page Dedication Copyright Page Preface Contents Contents By Theme And Discipline How (And Why) To Use This Book Part One Academic Reading and Writing Chapter 1 Critical Reading: Learning from Other Writers Reading Actively Previewing Annotating Nancy Mairs, Disability Developing an Understanding Summarizing Thinking Critically Analyzing Written Works Meaning Writing Strategy Language Examining Visual Images Seeing the Big Picture Taking a Critical Look Chapter 2 The Writing Process: Discovery and Drafting Assessing the Writing Situation Subject Audience Purpose Genre Discovering Ideas Keeping a Journal Freewriting Exploring the Methods of Development Responding to a Text Drafting Focusing on a Thesis Developing Ideas Organizing the Evidence Shaping the Introduction and Conclusion A Student Essay-in-Progress Journal Notes on Reading First Draft Chapter 3 The Writing Process: Reviewing and Revising Reviewing a Draft Revising in Stages Purpose and Genre Thesis Unity Development Coherence Integrating Evidence Exercising Caution Summarizing, Paraphrasing, and Quoting Synthesizing Ideas A Student Essay-in-Progress Peer Responses to First Draft Journal Notes on Peer Review Revised Draft Chapter 4 The Writing Process: Editing Using Effective Language Crafting Clear and Engaging Sentences Emphasis Parallelism Sentence Variety Fixing Common Errors Sentence Fragments Run-on Sentences and Comma Splices Subject-Verb Agreement Pronouns Misplaced and Dangling Modifiers Shifts A Student Essay-in-Progress Edited Paragraph Final Draft Rosie Anaya, Mental Illness on Television Part Two The Methods Chapter 5 Narration: Telling a Story The Method The Process Purpose and Shape The Thesis The Narrator in the Story What to Emphasize Organization Student Case Study: A Police Log Embarrassment: Amy Tan, Fish Cheeks Embarrassment: Naomi Shihab Nye, Museum Naomi Shihab Nye on Writing Jonathan Bethards, Code Three Kunal Nayyar, Kumar Ran a Car Kunal Nayyar on Writing Maya Angelou, Champion of the World Maya Angelou on Writing Shirley Jackson, The Lottery Shirley Jackson on Writing Additional Writing Topics Chapter 6 Description: Writing with Your Senses The Method The Process Purpose and Audience Dominant Impression and Thesis Organization Details Student Case Study: A Field Observation Fathers: Brad Manning, Arm Wrestling with My Father Brad Manning on Writing Fathers: Scaachi Koul, Impatiently Waiting for the Horror of Death Scaachi Koul on Writing Shonda Rhimes, My Summer of Scooping Ice Cream N. Scott Momaday, The Way to Rainy Mountain N. Scott Momaday on Writing Joyce Carol Oates, Edward Hopper’s Nighthawks, 1942 Joyce Carol Oates on Writing Additional Writing Topics Chapter 7 Example: Pointing to Instances The Method The Process The Generalization and the Thesis The Examples Organization Student Case Study: A Job-Application Letter Misperceptions: Brent Staples, Black Men and Public Space Brent Staples on Writing Misperceptions: Issa Rae, The Struggle Anna Quindlen, Homeless Anna Quindlen on Writing Zane Rassler, Looking Back Zane Rassler on Writing Brian Doyle, Three Basketball Stories Brian Doyle on Writing Additional Writing Topics Chapter 8 Comparison and Contrast: Setting Things Side by Side The Method Uses of Comparison and Contrast Purposes The Process Subjects for Comparison Basis for Comparison and Thesis Organization Balance and Flexibility Student Case Study: A Review Endangered Species: Jourdan Imani Keith, At Risk Jourdan Imani Keith on Writing Endangered Species: Ted Chiang, The Great Silence Suzanne Britt, Neat People vs. Sloppy People Suzanne Britt on Writing Caitlin McDougall, So Enid and Dorothy from West Covina Can Hear You Caitlin McDougall on Writing David Sedaris, Remembering My Childhood on the Continent of Africa David Sedaris on Writing Fatema Mernissi, Size 6: The Western Women’s Harem Additional Writing Topics Chapter 9 Process Analysis: Explaining Step by Step The Method The Process Student Case Study: A Lab Report Writing: Anne Lamott, Shitty First Drafts Writing: Koji Frahm, How to Write an A Paper Koji Frahm on Writing Firoozeh Dumas, Sweet, Sour, and Resentful Firoozeh Dumas on Writing Daniel Orozco, Orientation Daniel Orozco on Writing Jessica Mitford, Behind the Formaldehyde Curtain Jessica Mitford on Writing Additional Writing Topics Chapter 10 Division or Analysis: Slicing into Parts The Method Kinds of Division or Analysis Analysis and Critical Thinking The Process Subject and Purpose Principle of Analysis and Thesis Evidence Student Case Study: A Critical Reading Sports and Leisure: Paul Theroux, Football Matters Paul Theroux on Writing Sports and Leisure: Zadie Smith, Find Your Beach Zadie Smith on Writing Gary Soto, The Elements of San Joaquin Gary Soto on Writing Barbara B. Parsons, Whistling in the Dark Barbara B. Parsons on Writing Laila Ayad, The Capricious Camera Additional Writing Topics Chapter 11 Classification: Sorting into Kinds The Method Subjects and Reasons for Classification Kinds of Classification The Process Purposes and Theses Categories Student Case Study: A Résumé Sandra Cisneros, And Some More Sandra Cisneros on Writing Leo Braudy, Where Our Monsters Come From Jean-Pierre De Beer, Stars of Life Failures to Communicate: Deborah Tannen, But What Do You Mean? Deborah Tannen on Writing Failures to Communicate: William Lutz, The World of Doublespeak William Lutz on Writing Additional Writing Topics Chapter 12 Cause and Effect: Asking Why The Method The Process Subject and Purpose Thesis Causal Relations Discovery of Causes Educated Guesses Student Case Study: A Letter to the Editor Langston Hughes, Harlem Ben Healy, Gossip Is Good Derek Thompson, What Makes Things Cool Malcolm Gladwell, Little Fish in a Big Pond Malcolm Gladwell on Writing Globalization: Chitra Divakaruni, Live Free and Starve Chitra Divakaruni on Writing Globalization: Marie Javdani, Plata o Plomo: Silver or Lead Marie Javdani on Writing Additional Writing Topics Chapter 13 Definition: Tracing Boundaries The Method The Process Discovery of Meanings Methods of Development Thesis Evidence Student Case Study: An Essay Exam Privilege: Tal Fortgang, Checking My Privilege Tal Fortgang on Writing Privilege: Roxane Gay, Peculiar Benefits Roxane Gay on Writing Emily Dickinson, “Hope” is the thing with feathers Emily Dickinson on Writing Dagoberto Gilb, Pride Augusten Burroughs, How to Identify Love by Knowing What It’s Not Additional Writing Topics Chapter 14 Argument and Persuasion: Stating Opinions and Proposals The Method Audience and Common Ground Elements of Argument Reasoning The Process Finding a Subject Organizing Student Case Study: A Proposal Linda Chavez, Supporting Family Values Linda Chavez on Writing Have Politics Ruined Comic Books? Chuck Dixon and Paul Rivoche, How Liberalism Became Kryptonite for Superman Have Politics Ruined Comic Books? Janelle Asselin, Superhuman Error: What Dixon and Rivoche Get Wrong Is Capital Punishment Morally Defensible? David B. Muhlhausen, How the Death Penalty Saves Lives Is Capital Punishment Morally Defensible? Semon Frank Thompson, What I Learned from Executing Two Men Is Capital Punishment Morally Defensible? Jessica Blank and Erik Jensen, from The Exonerated Jessica Blank and Erik Jensen on Writing Should Colleges Offer Safe Spaces for Students? Dawn Lundy Martin, Weary Oracle Dawn Lundy Martin on Writing Should Colleges Offer Safe Spaces for Students? Thomas Chatterton Williams, Blanket Security Thomas Chatterton Williams on Writing Should Colleges Offer Safe Spaces for Students? Sarah Hemphill, What Happened to Free Speech on College Campuses? Sarah Hemphill on Writing Additional Writing Topics Part Three Mixing the Methods Joan Didion, Earthquakes Joan Didion on Writing Louise Erdrich, The Crest Louise Erdrich on Writing Maxine Hong Kingston, No Name Woman Maxine Hong Kingston on Writing Rebecca Solnit, Division Street Jonathan Swift, A Modest Proposal Transcendentalism: Henry David Thoreau, What I Lived For Henry David Thoreau on Writing Transcendentalism: Luis Alberto Urrea, Barrio Walden Luis Alberto Urrea on Writing E. B. White, Once More to the Lake Notes Appendix: Research and Documentation Conducting Research Using the Library Evaluating Sources Preparing an Annotated Bibliography Writing with Sources Building Knowledge Integrating Source Material Synthesizing Multiple Sources Avoiding Plagiarism Source Citation Using MLA Style MLA Parenthetical Citations MLA List of Works Cited A Sample Research Paper in MLA Style Source Citation Using APA Style APA Parenthetical Citations APA Reference List A Sample Research Paper in APA Style Glossary of Useful Terms Directory to the Writers on Writing Acknowledgments Index Inside Back Cover Back Cover About this Book Cover Page Inside Front Cover Methods for Achieving Your Purpose Title Page Dedication Copyright Page Preface Contents Contents By Theme And Discipline How (And Why) To Use This Book Part One Academic Reading and Writing Chapter 1 Critical Reading: Learning from Other Writers Reading Actively Previewing Annotating Nancy Mairs, Disability Developing an Understanding Summarizing Thinking Critically Analyzing Written Works Meaning Writing Strategy Language Examining Visual Images Seeing the Big Picture Taking a Critical Look Chapter 2 The Writing Process: Discovery and Drafting Assessing the Writing Situation Subject Audience Purpose Genre Discovering Ideas Keeping a Journal Freewriting Exploring the Methods of Development Responding to a Text Drafting Focusing on a Thesis Developing Ideas Organizing the Evidence Shaping the Introduction and Conclusion A Student Essay-in-Progress Journal Notes on Reading First Draft Chapter 3 The Writing Process: Reviewing and Revising Reviewing a Draft Revising in Stages Purpose and Genre Thesis Unity Development Coherence Integrating Evidence Exercising Caution Summarizing, Paraphrasing, and Quoting Synthesizing Ideas A Student Essay-in-Progress Peer Responses to First Draft Journal Notes on Peer Review Revised Draft Chapter 4 The Writing Process: Editing Using Effective Language Crafting Clear and Engaging Sentences Emphasis Parallelism Sentence Variety Fixing Common Errors Sentence Fragments Run-on Sentences and Comma Splices Subject-Verb Agreement Pronouns Misplaced and Dangling Modifiers Shifts A Student Essay-in-Progress Edited Paragraph Final Draft Rosie Anaya, Mental Illness on Television Part Two The Methods Chapter 5 Narration: Telling a Story The Method The Process Purpose and Shape The Thesis The Narrator in the Story What to Emphasize Organization Student Case Study: A Police Log Embarrassment: Amy Tan, Fish Cheeks Embarrassment: Naomi Shihab Nye, Museum Naomi Shihab Nye on Writing Jonathan Bethards, Code Three Kunal Nayyar, Kumar Ran a Car Kunal Nayyar on Writing Maya Angelou, Champion of the World Maya Angelou on Writing Shirley Jackson, The Lottery Shirley Jackson on Writing Additional Writing Topics Chapter 6 Description: Writing with Your Senses The Method The Process Purpose and Audience Dominant Impression and Thesis Organization Details Student Case Study: A Field Observation Fathers: Brad Manning, Arm Wrestling with My Father Brad Manning on Writing Fathers: Scaachi Koul, Impatiently Waiting for the Horror of Death Scaachi Koul on Writing Shonda Rhimes, My Summer of Scooping Ice Cream N. Scott Momaday, The Way to Rainy Mountain N. Scott Momaday on Writing Joyce Carol Oates, Edward Hopper’s Nighthawks, 1942 Joyce Carol Oates on Writing Additional Writing Topics Chapter 7 Example: Pointing to Instances The Method The Process The Generalization and the Thesis The Examples Organization Student Case Study: A Job-Application Letter Misperceptions: Brent Staples, Black Men and Public Space Brent Staples on Writing Misperceptions: Issa Rae, The Struggle Anna Quindlen, Homeless Anna Quindlen on Writing Zane Rassler, Looking Back Zane Rassler on Writing Brian Doyle, Three Basketball Stories Brian Doyle on Writing Additional Writing Topics Chapter 8 Comparison and Contrast: Setting Things Side by Side The Method Uses of Comparison and Contrast Purposes The Process Subjects for Comparison Basis for Comparison and Thesis Organization Balance and Flexibility Student Case Study: A Review Endangered Species: Jourdan Imani Keith, At Risk Jourdan Imani Keith on Writing Endangered Species: Ted Chiang, The Great Silence Suzanne Britt, Neat People vs. Sloppy People Suzanne Britt on Writing Caitlin McDougall, So Enid and Dorothy from West Covina Can Hear You Caitlin McDougall on Writing David Sedaris, Remembering My Childhood on the Continent of Africa David Sedaris on Writing Fatema Mernissi, Size 6: The Western Women’s Harem Additional Writing Topics Chapter 9 Process Analysis: Explaining Step by Step The Method The Process Student Case Study: A Lab Report Writing: Anne Lamott, Shitty First Drafts Writing: Koji Frahm, How to Write an A Paper Koji Frahm on Writing Firoozeh Dumas, Sweet, Sour, and Resentful Firoozeh Dumas on Writing Daniel Orozco, Orientation Daniel Orozco on Writing Jessica Mitford, Behind the Formaldehyde Curtain Jessica Mitford on Writing Additional Writing Topics Chapter 10 Division or Analysis: Slicing into Parts The Method Kinds of Division or Analysis Analysis and Critical Thinking The Process Subject and Purpose Principle of Analysis and Thesis Evidence Student Case Study: A Critical Reading Sports and Leisure: Paul Theroux, Football Matters Paul Theroux on Writing Sports and Leisure: Zadie Smith, Find Your Beach Zadie Smith on Writing Gary Soto, The Elements of San Joaquin Gary Soto on Writing Barbara B. Parsons, Whistling in the Dark Barbara B. Parsons on Writing Laila Ayad, The Capricious Camera Additional Writing Topics Chapter 11 Classification: Sorting into Kinds The Method Subjects and Reasons for Classification Kinds of Classification The Process Purposes and Theses Categories Student Case Study: A Résumé Sandra Cisneros, And Some More Sandra Cisneros on Writing Leo Braudy, Where Our Monsters Come From Jean-Pierre De Beer, Stars of Life Failures to Communicate: Deborah Tannen, But What Do You Mean? Deborah Tannen on Writing Failures to Communicate: William Lutz, The World of Doublespeak William Lutz on Writing Additional Writing Topics Chapter 12 Cause and Effect: Asking Why The Method The Process Subject and Purpose Thesis Causal Relations Discovery of Causes Educated Guesses Student Case Study: A Letter to the Editor Langston Hughes, Harlem Ben Healy, Gossip Is Good Derek Thompson, What Makes Things Cool Malcolm Gladwell, Little Fish in a Big Pond Malcolm Gladwell on Writing Globalization: Chitra Divakaruni, Live Free and Starve Chitra Divakaruni on Writing Globalization: Marie Javdani, Plata o Plomo: Silver or Lead Marie Javdani on Writing Additional Writing Topics Chapter 13 Definition: Tracing Boundaries The Method The Process Discovery of Meanings Methods of Development Thesis Evidence Student Case Study: An Essay Exam Privilege: Tal Fortgang, Checking My Privilege Tal Fortgang on Writing Privilege: Roxane Gay, Peculiar Benefits Roxane Gay on Writing Emily Dickinson, “Hope” is the thing with feathers Emily Dickinson on Writing Dagoberto Gilb, Pride Augusten Burroughs, How to Identify Love by Knowing What It’s Not Additional Writing Topics Chapter 14 Argument and Persuasion: Stating Opinions and Proposals The Method Audience and Common Ground Elements of Argument Reasoning The Process Finding a Subject Organizing Student Case Study: A Proposal Linda Chavez, Supporting Family Values Linda Chavez on Writing Have Politics Ruined Comic Books? Chuck Dixon and Paul Rivoche, How Liberalism Became Kryptonite for Superman Have Politics Ruined Comic Books? Janelle Asselin, Superhuman Error: What Dixon and Rivoche Get Wrong Is Capital Punishment Morally Defensible? David B. Muhlhausen, How the Death Penalty Saves Lives Is Capital Punishment Morally Defensible? Semon Frank Thompson, What I Learned from Executing Two Men Is Capital Punishment Morally Defensible? Jessica Blank and Erik Jensen, from The Exonerated Jessica Blank and Erik Jensen on Writing Should Colleges Offer Safe Spaces for Students? Dawn Lundy Martin, Weary Oracle Dawn Lundy Martin on Writing Should Colleges Offer Safe Spaces for Students? Thomas Chatterton Williams, Blanket Security Thomas Chatterton Williams on Writing Should Colleges Offer Safe Spaces for Students? Sarah Hemphill, What Happened to Free Speech on College Campuses? Sarah Hemphill on Writing Additional Writing Topics Part Three Mixing the Methods Joan Didion, Earthquakes Joan Didion on Writing Louise Erdrich, The Crest Louise Erdrich on Writing Maxine Hong Kingston, No Name Woman Maxine Hong Kingston on Writing Rebecca Solnit, Division Street Jonathan Swift, A Modest Proposal Transcendentalism: Henry David Thoreau, What I Lived For Henry David Thoreau on Writing Transcendentalism: Luis Alberto Urrea, Barrio Walden Luis Alberto Urrea on Writing E. B. White, Once More to the Lake Notes Appendix: Research and Documentation Conducting Research Using the Library Evaluating Sources Preparing an Annotated Bibliography Writing with Sources Building Knowledge Integrating Source Material Synthesizing Multiple Sources Avoiding Plagiarism Source Citation Using MLA Style MLA Parenthetical Citations MLA List of Works Cited A Sample Research Paper in MLA Style Source Citation Using APA Style APA Parenthetical Citations APA Reference List A Sample Research Paper in APA Style Glossary of Useful Terms Directory to the Writers on Writing Acknowledgments Index Inside Back Cover Back Cover