نقش‌برجسته آشوری در یاگمور (اوریهان) در تور عابدین

The Assyrian Rock Relief at Yaǧmur in the Tur Abdin publishes a newly discovered rock relief in the Mazıdağı Plain, at the western end of the Tur Abdin in southeastern Turkey. The preserved remains include an image of an Assyrian king, divine symbols and traces of three panels of cuneiform inscription. Both the image and the panel preserving the most coherent section of legible text can be dated to the time of Tiglath-pileser I. The sequences which can be deciphered relate to the king’s penetration into the northwest undertaken in the course of his third campaign against the Nairi lands. The monument is studied in the context of our understanding of the Assyrian expansion in this sector, together with a review of the settlement pattern and political organisation of the Tur Abdin as presented in Assyrian sources. Bülent Genç is Associate Professor in the Department of Archaeology at Mardin Artuklu University. His specialises in the archaeology of Mesopotamia and Anatolia and is involved in multiple excavation and survey projects, with a particular interest in the archaeology of the Bronze and Iron Ages. John MacGinnis is based in the Middle East Department of the British Museum and the McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research in Cambridge. His interests are the archaeology and epigraphy of Mesopotamia in the first millennium BC. He has participated in fieldwork across the Middle East, including at the Assyrian sites of Nineveh, Nimrud, Ziyaret Tepe, Tell Masaikh and the fortress of Usu Aska in the Darband-i Rania pass in Iraqi Kurdistan. Cover 1 Title Page 3 Copyright Page 4 Contents Page 5 Contents 5 List of Figures 6 Figure 1. Map of the Tur Abdin. 10 Figure 2. View looking south showing the castle and village of Yaǧmur against the inhospitable terrain of the Tur Abdin 11 Figure 3. View looking west showing the fortress and the village of Yağmur; the arrow indicates location of the relief 12 Figure 4. View looking west across the Mazıdağı Plain with the rock bearing the relief in the foreground 13 Figure 5. Views of the rock bearing the relief (a) in the summer, (b) in the winter, with the castle in the background, and (c) from above. 15 Figure 6. Full view of the Assyrian monument on the west face of the rock. 16 Figure 7. The components of the monument. 16 Figure 8. Drawing of the Yaǧmur relief. 17 Figure 9. The left part of the relief, showing the image of the kings, inscription panels 1 and 2, and divine symbols 18 Figure 10. The royal image. 19 Figure 11. The Panel 1 inscription. 20 Figure 12. The Panel 1 inscription and divine symbols below. 22 Figure 13. The Panel 2 inscription. 23 Figure 14. The Panel 2 inscription with divine symbols above. 24 Figure 15. The Panel 3 inscription. 26 Figure 16. The Panel 3 inscription. 27 Figure 17. Map showing the location of ancient toponyms mentioned in the text. 31 Figure 18. The symbols above Panel 2 38 Figure 19. The location of Assyrian rock reliefs in Turkey and northern Iraq. 42 Figure 20. Scene from the White Obelisk showing the Assyrian king on campaign in a mountainous region plausibly identified as the Kašiari (after Reade 1975). 46 The Assyrian Rock Relief at Yaǧmur in the Tur Abdin 9 The Assyrian relief at Yağmur 14 The Mazıdağı Plain 14 Yağmur 14 The Royal image 18 Panel 1 18 Panel 2 23 Panel 3 26 Geographical names (Figure 17) 28 Kašiari 28 Nairi lands 28 Išua 32 Enzi and Alzi 33 Daienu 34 Suhme 34 Inner Habhu 36 Dating 37 Dating of the panels 37 Dating of the royal image 37 Panel 1 dating 38 Panel 2 dating 39 Panel 3 dating 40 (1) The source of the Subnat 43 (2) The Source of the Tigris 44 (3) Karabur 44 (4) Cudi Daǧ (Judi Dagh) 44 Tiglath-pileser I’s campaigns in the Nairi lands 44 Settlement geography of the Kašiari in Assyrian sources 45 Conclusion 48 Bibliography 49 Assyrian Empire,Rock Reliefs,Cuneiform,Turkey,Tur Abdin,Kašiari The Assyrian Rock Relief at Yagmur in the Tur Abdin publishes a newly discovered rock relief in the Mazidagi Plain, at the western end of the Tur Abdin in southeastern Turkey. The preserved remains include an image of an Assyrian king, divine symbols and traces of three panels of cuneiform inscription. Both the image and the panel preserving the most coherent section of legible text can be dated to the time of Tiglath-pileser I. The sequences which can be deciphered relate to the king's penetration into the northwest undertaken in the course of his third campaign against the Nairi lands. The monument is studied in the context of our understanding of the Assyrian expansion in this sector, together with a review of the settlement pattern and political organisation of the Tur Abdin as presented in Assyrian sources. The Assyrian Rock Relief at Yaǧmur in the Tur Abdinpublishes a newly discovered rock relief in the Mazıdağı Plain, atthe western end of the Tur Abdin in southeastern Turkey. Thepreserved remains include an image of an Assyrian king, divinesymbols and traces of three panels of cuneiform inscription. Boththe image and the panel preserving the most coherent section oflegible text can be dated to the time of Tiglath-pileser I. Thesequences which can be deciphered relate to the king's penetrationinto the northwest undertaken in the course of his third campaignagainst the Nairi lands. The monument is studied in the context ofour understanding of the Assyrian expansion in this sector,together with a review of the settlement pattern and politicalorganisation of the Tur Abdin as presented in Assyrian sources