همراه پژوهشی اشگیت در تاریخ‌های امپریالیستی مدرن

Written by leading scholars, this collection provides a comprehensive and authoritative overview of modern empires. Spanning the era of modern imperial history from the early sixteenth century to the present, it challenges both the rather insular focuses on specific experiences, and gives due attention to imperial formations outside the West including the Russian, Japanese, Mughal, Ottoman and Chinese. The companion is divided into three broad sections. Part I - Times - surveys the three main eras of modern imperialism. The first was that dominated by the settlement impulse, with migrants - many voluntarily and many more by force - making new lives in the colonies. This impulse gave way, most especially in the nineteenth century, to a period of busy and rapid expansion which was less likely to promote new settlement, and in which colonists more frequently saw their sojourn in colonial lands as temporary and related to the business mostly of governance and trade. Lastly, in the twentieth century in particular, empires began to fail and to fall. Part II - Spaces - studies the principal imperial formations of the modern world. Each chapter charts the experience of a specific empire while at the same time placing it within the complex patterns of wider imperial constellations. The individual chapters thus survey the broad dynamics of change within the empires themselves and their relationships with other imperial formations, and reflect critically on the ways in which these topics have been approached in the literature. In Part III - Themes - scholars think critically about some of the key features of imperial expansion and decline. These chapters are brief and many are provocative. They reflect the current state of the field, and suggest new lines of inquiry which may follow from more comparative perspectives on empire. The broad range of themes captures the vitality and diversity of contemporary scholarship on questions of empire and colonialism, encompassing political, economic and cultural processes central to the formation and maintenance of empires as well as institutions, ideologies and social categories that shaped the lives both of those implementing and those experiencing the force of empire. In these pages the reader will find the slave and the criminal, the merchant and the maid, the scientist and the artist alongside the structures which sustained their lives and their livelihoods. Overall, the companion emphasises the diversity of imperial experience and process. Comprehensive in its scope, it draws attention to the particularities of individual empires, rather than over-generalising as if all empires, at all times, and in all places, behaved in a similar manner. It is this contingent and historical specificity that enables us to explore in expansive ways precisely what constituted the modern empire.--Publisher website Cover......Page 1 Contents......Page 6 List of Figures and Tables......Page 10 List of Maps......Page 12 Acknowledgements......Page 14 Notes on Contributors......Page 16 1 Introduction......Page 22 Part I: Times......Page 34 2 Age of Exploration, c. 1500–1650......Page 36 3 Age of Settlement and Colonisation......Page 62 4 Age of Imperial Crisis......Page 96 Part II: Spaces......Page 118 5 Late Imperial China (c. 1500–1911)......Page 120 6 Ottoman Empire......Page 148 7 Mughal Empire......Page 182 8 European Empires......Page 208 9 Russian Empire, 1552–1917......Page 244 10 North American Empire......Page 264 11 Japanese Empire......Page 294 Part III: Themes......Page 322 12 Governance......Page 324 13 Finance......Page 344 14 Consumption......Page 364 15 Soldiery......Page 380 16 Circulation and Migration......Page 398 17 Crime......Page 414 18 Slavery......Page 428 19 Race......Page 450 20 Gender......Page 470 21 Ideology......Page 492 22 Religion......Page 510 23 Culture......Page 532 24 Art......Page 552 25 Science, Medicine and Technology......Page 570 26 Environment......Page 588 27 Modernity......Page 602 28 Aftermath......Page 622 Bibliography......Page 638 Index......Page 734 Introduction Age of exploration / Kenneth J. Andrien Age of settlement and colonisation / Michael Adas and Hugh Glenn Cagle Age of imperial crisis / Philippa Levine Chinese empire / Peter C. Perdue Ottoman empire / Virginia H. Aksan Mughal empire / Michael H. Fisher European empires / Philippa Levine Russian empire / Willard Sunderland North American empire / Mary A. Renda Japanese empire / Ryta Itagaki, Satoshi Mizutani and Hideaki Tobe Governance / Jon E Wilson Finance / Søren Mentz Consumption / Erika Rappaport Soldiery / Richard Smith Circulation and migration / Michael Mann Crime / Lauren Benton Slavery / Eve M. Troutt Powell Race / Damon Salesa Gender / Elsbeth Locher-Scholten Ideology / Ben Silverstein and Patrick Wolfe Religion / Derek R. Peterson Culture / Lara Kriegel Art / Natasha Eaton Science, medicine and technology / Sujit Sivasundaram Environment / Richard Grove and Vinita Damodaran Modernity / John Marriott Aftermath / Christopher Lee. Taking a broad, comparative approach to imperial experiences, this volume provides an authoritative survey of the latest research into the histories of modern empires. The focus is on the era of modern imperial history dating approximately from the early sixteenth century to the present. Such a periodization enables the volume to include the European experience of imperial expansion and settlement, important historical experiences outside the west such as those of Russia, Japan and China, the collapse of European empires attendant on decolonization in the post World War II period, and the cont