The Arctic in International Law and Policy (Documents in International Law)

Preface Contents Abbreviations Analytical Introduction Chronology of (Legally) Significant Events Part 1: Arctic Policy Arctic Coastal States Canada Document 1: Toward a Northern Foreign Policy for Canada—A ConsultationPaper [extracts only] (25 September 1998) Document 2: The Northern Dimension of Canada’s Foreign Policy[extracts only] (8 June 2000) Document 3:Canada’s Northern Strategy: Our North, Our Heritage, Our Future [extracts only] (26 July 2009) Document 4:Statement on Canada’s Arctic Foreign Policy: ExercisingSovereignty and Promoting Canada’s NorthernStrategy Abroad (20 August 2010) Denmark Document 5: Strategy for the Arctic 2011—2020 [extracts only](22 August 2011) Document 6: The Faroe Islands—a Nation in the Arctic[extracts only] (11 April 2013) Norway Document 7: The Norwegian Government’s High North Strategy[extracts only] (1 December 2006) Document 8: New Building Blocks in the North—The next Stepin the Government’s High North Strategy[extracts only] (12 March 2009) Document 9: Norway’s Arctic Policy: Creating value, managing resources,confronting climate change and fostering knowledge. Developmentsin the Arctic concern us all [official summary] (10 November 2014) Russian Federation Document 10: Mikhail Gorbachev, Speech in Murmansk at the ceremonial meeting on the occasion of the presentation of the Order of Lenin and theGold Star Medal to the City of Murmansk (1 October 1987) Document 11: The Basics of the State Policy of the Russian Federation in theArctic in the period till 2020 and for a further perspective[unofficial translation] (18 September 2008) Document 12:Strategy for the Development of the Arctic Zone of the RussianFederation and National Security Protection for the Periodup to 2020 [unofficial translation] (8 February 2013) United States Document 13: US Department of State, Policy Statement on Polar Regions[extracts only] (1 July 1951) Document 14: US President Richard M Nixon, National Security Decision Memorandum 144—United States Arctic Policy andArctic Policy Group (22 December 1971) Document 15: US President Ronald Reagan, US Arctic Policy (9 May 1983) Document 16: US President Bill Clinton, National Security Presidential DirectiveNo 26 on United States Policy on the Arctic and AntarcticRegions [extracts only] (9 June 1994) Document 17: United States Arctic Policy in 2007: Climate Change and theArctic—Renewed American Interest in a Changing North(19 April 2007) Document 18: US President George W Bush, National Security PresidentialDirective No 66 and Homeland Security Presidential DirectiveNo 25 on Arctic Region Policy (9 January 2009) Document 19: US President Barack Obama, National Strategyfor the Arctic Region (10 May 2013) Document 20: US President Barack Obama, Executive Order:Enhancing Coordination of National Effortsin the Arctic (21 January 2015) Document 21: State of Alaska, An Act declaring the Arctic policyof the state (21 May 2015) Other Arctic States Document 22: Finland’s Strategy for the Arctic Region 2013[extracts only] (23 August 2013) Document 23: Executive Summary of the Report of Össur Skarphédinsson,Minister for Foreign Affairs to the Parliament of Iceland: Iceland’s interests in the High North [extracts only] (14 May 2010) Document 24: A Parliamentary Resolution on Iceland’s Arctic Policy(28 March 2011) Document 25: Sweden’s Strategy for the Arctic region [extracts only] (2011) Document 26: Swedish Ministry of the Environment and Energy, New SwedishEnvironmental Policy for the Arctic (25 January 2016) Non-Arctic States and other Actors Document 27: China, Keynote Speech by Vice Foreign Minister Zhang Mingat the China Country Session of the Third Arctic CircleAssembly (17 October 2015) Document 28: India and the Arctic (10 June 2013) Document 29: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland,Adapting To Change: UK policy towards the Arctic[extracts only] (17 October 2013) Document 30: Guidelines of the Germany Arctic Policy: Assume responsibility,seize opportunities (November 2013) Document 31:Arctic Policy of the Republic of Korea [extracts only](10 December 2013) Document 32: Singapore, Minister of State in the Prime Minister’s Office and the Ministry of Culture, Community and Youth Sam Tan Chin Siongat, Speech on ‘State of the Arctic—Singapore’s Perspective’ at the 9th Arctic Frontiers Conference at Tromsø (19 January 2015) Document 33: Japan’s Arctic Policy [provisional translation](16 October 2015) Document 34: Towards an Italian Strategy for the Arctic—NationalGuidelines (10 December 2015) Document 35: European Parliament, Resolution on ArcticGovernance (9 October 2008) Document 36: Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament and the Council: The European Union and the Arctic Region(20 November 2008) Document 37: Council of the European Union, Conclusions on ArcticIssues (8 December 2009) Document 38: European Parliament, Resolution on a sustainable EU policyfor the High North (20 January 2011) Document 39: European Commission/High Representative of the European Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy, Joint Communication to the European Parliament and the Council, Developing a EuropeanUnion Policy towards the Arctic Region: progress since 2008and next steps (26 June 2012) Document 40: Opinion of the European Economic and Social Committeeon EU Arctic Policy to address globally emerging interestsin the region—a view of civil society (17 April 2013) Document 41: European Parliament, Resolution on the EU Strategyfor the Arctic (12 March 2014) Document 42: Council of the European Union, Conclusions on developing aEuropean Union Policy towards the Arctic Region (12 May 2014) Document 43: Joint Communication to the European Parliament and theCouncil: An integrated European Union Policyfor the Arctic (27 April 2016) Document 44: Council of the European Union Conclusions on theArctic (20 June 2016) Part 2: Arctic Cooperation Multilateral Cooperation Arctic Council Barents Euro-Arctic Council Document 45: Kirkenes Declaration (11 January 1993) Document 46: Joint Statement, Second Session at Tromsø(14/15 September 1994) Document 47: Joint Statement, Third Session at Rovaniemi(9/10 October 1995) Document 48: Joint Statement, Fourth Session at Petrozavodsk(5/6 November 1996) Document 49: Joint Statement, Fifth Session at Luleå (20 January 1998) Document 50: Joint Statement, Sixth Session at Bodø (4/5 March 1999) Document 51: Joint Statement, Seventh Session at Oulu(14/15 March 2000) Document 52: Joint Statement, Eighth Session at Murmansk(14/15 March 2001) Document 53: Joint Statement, Ninth Session at Umeå (2/3 October 2003) Document 54: Kirkenes Declaration on the 10th Anniversary of the BarentsEuro-Arctic Cooperation (11 January 2003) Document 55: Joint Statement, Tenth Session at Harstad (9/10 November 2005) Document 56: Joint Statement, 11th Session at Rovaniemi(14/15 November 2007) Document 57: Agreement between the Governments in the Barents Euro-ArcticRegion on Cooperation within the Field of Emergency Prevention, Preparedness and Response (11 December 2008)* Document 58: Joint Statement, 12th Session at Murmansk (14/15 October 2009) Document 59: Joint Statement, 13th Session at Kiruna (12 October 2011) Document 60: Kirkenes Declaration on the 20th Anniversary of the BarentsEuro-Arctic Cooperation (3/4 June 2013) Document 61: Joint Statement, 14th Session at Tromsø (19 October 2013) Document 62: Joint Statement, 15th Session at Oulu (15 October 2015) Northern Dimension Document 63: Political Declaration on the Northern DimensionPolicy (24 November 2006) Document 64: Northern Dimension Policy FrameworkDocument (24 November 2006) Bilateral Cooperation Document 65: Agreement between the Government of the United Statesof America and the Government of Canada on ArcticCooperation (11 January 1988) Document 66: Agreement between Canada and the Russian Federation onCooperation in the Arctic and in the North (19 June 1992) Document 67: Joint Statement by Canada and the Russian Federation oncooperation in the Arctic and the North (18 December 2000) Document 68: Joint Statement on Canada-Russia Economic and ArcticCooperation [extracts only] (28/29 November 2007) Document 69: Declaration on Arctic Cooperation between the RussianFederation and Iceland (29 November 2011) Document 70: US-Canada Joint Statement on Climate, Energy, and ArcticLeadership [extracts only] (10 March 2016) Document 71: Cooperation Agreement between the Earth Science Sector of theDepartment of Natural Resources of Canada and the SwedishPolar Research Secretariat concerning Cooperation inMarine Geoscience and Innovation Activities in theArctic (11 December 2015) Document 72: Joint Statement on a Strategic Partnership between Japanand the Republic of Finland as Gateways in Asia and Europe[extracts only] (10 March 2016) Part 3: Maritime Zones—Law of the Sea Related Legislation of the Arctic Coastal States Canada Document 73:Note from the US Department of State to the CanadianEmbassy in Washington [extracts only] (2 May 1983) Document 74: Territorial Sea Geographical Coordinates (Area 7) Order,Order Respecting Geographical Coordinates of Points fromwhich Baselines May Be Determined, SOR/85-872 (1985) Document 75: British High Commission’s Note No 90/86 on behalf of theEuropean Community [extracts only] (9 July 1986) Document 76: Diplomatic Note JCD-0257 from the Canadian Department of External Affairs to the European Communities (7 August 1986) Document 77: An Act Respecting the Oceans of Canada, S.C. 1996, c. 31 (1996) Denmark (including Greenland and Faroe Islands) Mainland Document 78: Royal Decree concerning the exercise of Danish sovereigntyover the Continental Shelf (7 June 1963) Document 79: Act No 259 concerning the Continental Shelf with the amendments resulting from Act No 278 of 7 June 1972 and Act No 654 of21 December 1977 (9 June 1971) Document 80: Act No 411 on Exclusive Economic Zones (22 May 1996) Document 81: Act No 200 on the delimitation of Denmark’sterritorial sea (7 April 1999) Document 82: Act on the Contiguous Zone (24 June 2005) Document 83: Executive Order on the Demarcation of the DanishContiguous Zone (29 June 2005) Greenland Document 84: Act 277 respecting the Conduct of Business inGreenland [extracts only] (27 May 1950) Document 85: Royal Ordinance No 191 on the Delimitation of the TerritorialSea of Greenland [extracts only] (27 May 1963) Document 86: Royal Decree No 636 on the Delimitation of the TerritorialSea of Greenland (6 September 1991) Document 87: Royal Decree No 1005 on the Entry into Force of Act on ExclusiveEconomic Zones for Greenland (15 October 2004) Document 88: Executive Order No 1020 on the Exclusive Economic Zoneof Greenland (20 October 2004) Faroe Islands Document 89: Decree No 240 on the Coming into Force of the Act on the Delimitation of the Territorial Sea for the Faroe Islands (30 April 2002) Document 90: Executive Order No 306 on the Delimitation of the TerritorialSea of the Faroe Islands (16 May 2002) Norway (including Jan Mayen Island) Mainland Document 91: Royal Decree Relating to the Sovereignty of Norway over the Sea-Bed and Subsoil outside the Norwegian Coast (31 May 1963) Document 92: Act No 91 relating to the Economic Zone of Norwayand appurtenant regulations (17 December 1976) Document 93: Royal Decree relating to the establishment of the EconomicZone of Norway (17 December 1976) Document 94: Royal Decree relating to the baselines for determining the extentof the territorial sea around mainland Norway (14 June 2002) Document 95: Act No 57 relating to Norway’s territorial watersand contiguous zone (27 June 2003) Jan Mayen Island Document 96: Act relating to Jan Mayen [unofficial translation](27 February 1930) Document 97: Royal Decree: Regulations relating to the Limit of the NorwegianTerritorial Sea around Jan Mayen (30 August 2002) Russian Federation Document 98: Proclamation of Lands and Islands Located in the northern Arctic Ocean as Territory of the USSR (16 April 1926) Document 99: 4604. Declaration of 7 February 1984 Document 100:Edict of the Presidium of the USSR Supreme Soviet (28 February 1984) “On the USSR Economic Zone” (1984) 9 Vedomosti Verkhovnogo Soveta SSSR (Gazette of the Supreme Soviet ofthe USSR) 137, confirmed by law of the USSR SupremeSoviet (11 April 1984) On the Confirmation of theEdict of the Presidium of the USSR Supreme Soviet“On the USSR Economic Zone” (1984) Document 101: Decree of the Presidium of the USSR Supreme Soviet On the Mannerof Implementation of Articles 19 and 21 of the Edict of the SupremeSoviet of the USSR “On the Economic Zone of the USSR”(12 November 1984) Document 102: 4450. Declaration of 15 January 1985 Document 103: Decree of the Council of Ministers of the USSR on the Confirmationof the Statute on the Safeguarding of the Economic Zone of theUSSR (1985) 5 Sobranie Postanovlenii (30 January 1985) Document 104: Federal Law on the Continental Shelf of the RussianFederation (25 October 1995) Document 105: Federal Law No 155 on Internal Waters, Territorial Seaand Contiguous Zone (31 July 1998) Document 106: Federal Act on the Exclusive Economic Zone of theRussian Federation (2 December 1998) Document 107: Federal Law N 287-FZ on changes in Federal Law “On the Russian Continental Shelf” and Federal Law “On Inland Sea Waters,Territorial Sea and Contiguous Zone of the RussianFederation” (1 July 2013) United States Document 108: US Presidential Proclamation No 2667: Policy of the United States with respect to the Natural Resources of the Subsoil and Seabedof the Continental Shelf (28 September 1945) Document 109: United States Oceans Policy/President Ronald Reagan’s Statement on the Establishment of the Exclusive Economic Zone (10 March 1983) Document 110: Presidential Proclamation No 5030: Exclusive Economic Zoneof the United States of America (10 March 1983) Document 111: Statement by the Group of Eastern European (Socialist) Countriesin connection with the Proclamation issued on 10 March 1983 bythe President of the United States of America concerning theestablishment of the exclusive economic zone of the United Statesof America and his statement of the same date concerningUnited States Oceans Policy (8 April 1983) Document 112: Statement made by the Soviet Government regardingthe Presidential Proclamation No 5030 (23 April 1983) Document 113: United States Policy Governing the Continental Shelf of theUnited States of America (17 November 1987) Document 114: Presidential Proclamation No 5928: Territorial Sea of theUnited States of America (27 December 1988) Document 115: Department of Sate, Public Notice 2237: Exclusive Economic Zone and Maritime Boundaries [extracts only] (10 August 1995) Document 116: Presidential Proclamation No 7219: The Contiguous Zoneof the United States (2 September 1999) Part 4: Delimitation Agreements Norway—USSR/Russian Federation Document 117: Agreement between the Royal Norwegian Government and theGovernment of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics concerning the sea frontier between Norway and the USSR in the Varangerfjord(15 February 1957) Document 118: Agreement between the Russian Federation and the Kingdom ofNorway on delimitation on the Maritime Delimitation in theVarangerfjord area (11 July 2007) Document 119: Agreement between Norway and the Soviet Union on a Temporary Practical Arrangement for Fishing in an Adjacent Area in the Barents Sea with Attached Protocol (‘Grey Zone Agreement’)(11 January 1978) Document 120: Treaty between the Russian Federation and the Kingdom of Norway concerning maritime delimitation and cooperation in the Barents Sea and the Arctic Ocean (15 September 2010) Document 121: Joint Statement on Maritime Delimitation and Cooperation in the Barents Sea and the Arctic Ocean (27 April 2010) Denmark (Greenland)—Iceland—Norway (Jan Mayen) Document 122: Agreement between Iceland and Norway on Fisheryand Continental Shelf Questions (28 May 1980) Document 123: Agreement between Iceland and Norway on the Continental Shelf Between Iceland and Jan Mayen (22 October 1981) Document 124: Agreement between the Government of the Kingdom of Denmark and the Government of the Kingdom of Norway on the Delimitation of the Continental Shelf and the Boundary Between the Fisheries Zone in the Area Between Jan Mayen and Greenland (18 December 1995) Document 125: Additional Protocol to the Agreement of 18 December 1995 between the Kingdom of Norway and the Kingdom of Denmark concerning the Delimitation of the Continental Shelf in the Area between Jan Mayen and Greenland and the Boundary between the Fishery Zones in the Area (11 November 1997) Document 126: Additional Protocol to the Agreement of 28 May 1980 between Norway and Iceland concerning Fishery and Continental Shelf Questions and the Agreement derived therefrom of 22 October 1981 on theContinental Shelf between Jan Mayen and Iceland (11 November 1997) Document 127: Agreement between Norway and Iceland concerning Transboundary Hydrocarbon Deposits (3 November 2008) Document 128: Agreed Minutes concerning the Right of Participation pursuant to Articles 5 and 6 of the Agreement of 22 October 1981 between Norway and Iceland on the Continental Shelf in the Area between Iceland and Jan Mayen (3 November 2008) Denmark (Faroe Islands)—Iceland—Norway Document 129: Agreement between the Government of the Kingdom of Denmarkand the Government of the Kingdom of Norway concerning theDelimitation of the Continental Shelf in the Area between theFaroe Islands and Norway and concerning the Boundarybetween the Fishery Zone near the Faroe Islands andthe Norwegian Economic Zone (15 June 1979) Document 130: Agreement between the Government of Iceland on the One Hand And the Kingdom of Denmark and the Regional Government of the Faroe Islands on the Other Hand On the Maritime Boundary in The Area Between the Faroe Islands and Iceland [unofficial translation](1/2 February 2007) Document 131: Agreed Minutes on the Delimitation of the Continental Shelf beyond 200 Nautical Miles between the Faroe Islands, Iceland andNorway in the Southern Part of the Banana Hole of theNortheast Atlantic (20 September 2006) Document 132: Letter of the Permanent Mission of the Kingdom of Denmark to the United Nations Secretary-General (15 June 2009) Denmark (Greenland)—Canada Document 133: Agreement between the Kingdom of Denmark and Canada relating to the delimitation of the continental shelf between Greenland and Canada (17 December 1973) Document 134: Exchange of Notes Constituting an Agreement to Amend theAgreement Between the Government of Canada and the Government of the Kingdom of Denmark Relating to the Delimitation of theContinental Shelf Between Greenland and Canada Done at Ottawaon 17 December 1973 (5/20 April 2004) Document 135: Canada and Kingdom of Denmark reach Tentative Agreementon Lincoln Sea Boundary (28 November 2012) Denmark (Greenland)—Iceland Document 136: Agreement between the Government of the Kingdom of Denmarktogether with the Greenland Home Rule Government, on the one hand, and the Government of the Republic of Iceland, on the other hand, concerning the delimitation of the continental shelf and thefishery zones in the area between Greenland and Iceland(11 November 1997) Document 137: Agreed Minutes on the Delimitation of the Continental Shelf beyond 200 Nautical Miles between Greenland and Iceland in theIrminger Sea (16 January 2013) Document 138: Letter of the Permanent Mission of the Kingdom of Denmark to the United Nations Secretary-General of the United Nations(17 January 2013) Document 139: Letter of the Permanent Mission of Iceland to the United Nations Secretary-General (17 January 2013) Denmark (Greenland)—Norway (Svalbard) Document 140: Agreement between the Government of the Kingdom of Norway on the one hand, and the Government of the Kingdom of Denmark together with the Home Rule Government of Greenland on the other hand, concerning the delimitation of the continental shelf and thefisheries zones in the area between Greenland and Svalbard(20 February 2006) United States—USSR/Russian Federation Document 141: Agreement on the maritime boundary between theGovernment of the United States of America and the Governmentof the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (1 June 1990) Document 142: Agreement based on an exchange of notes between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics to abide by the terms of the Maritime Boundary Agreement of 1 June 1990, pending entry into force (1 June 1990) Document 143: Message to the Senate Transmitting the Soviet Union-United States Maritime Boundary Agreement (26 September 1990) Document 144: Order of the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the RussianFederation No 2880-III GD on the Consequences of the Application of the Maritime Boundary Agreement Between the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and the United States of America on the Line ofDemarcation of Maritime Spaces of 1990 for the National Interestsof the Russian Federation [unofficial translation] (14 June 2002) Part 5: National Submissions to the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf concerning Arctic Territorial Claims and Recommendations Russian Federation Document 145: Continental Shelf Submission of the Russian Federation: Executive Summary [extracts only; unofficial translation] (20 December 2001) Document 146: Statement of the Deputy Minister for Natural Resources of the Russian Federation during the presentation of the submission madeby the Russian Federation to the Commission, UN Doc CLCS/31[extracts only] (28 March 2002) Document 147: Note Verbale from Canada on the Russian Submission(18 January 2002) Document 148: Note Verbale from Denmark on the Russian Submission(4 February 2002) Document 149: Note Verbale from the United States on the Russian Submission(28 February 2002) Document 150: Note Verbale from Norway on the Russian Submission(20 March 2002) Document 151: Partial Revised Submission of the Russian Federation in respect tothe continental shelf of the Russian Federation in the Arctic Ocean: Executive Summary [extracts only] (3 August 2015) Document 152: Note Verbale from Denmark on the Russian Submission(7 October 2015) Document 153: Note Verbale from the United States on the Russian Submission(30 October 2015) Document 154: Note Verbale from Canada on the Russian Submission(30 November 2015) Denmark Document 155: Partial Continental Shelf Submission of Denmark together withthe Faroes concerning the area north of the Faroe Islands: Executive Summary [extracts only] (29 April 2009) Document 156: Note Verbale from Iceland on the Danish Submission(15 June 2009) Document 157: Note Verbale from Norway on the Danish Submission (7 July 2009) Document 158: Recommendations of the Commission on the Limits of the ContinentalShelf in regard to the Partial Submission ofthe Government of the Kingdom of Denmark together with theGovernment of the Faroes in respect to the area north of the Faroe Islands [extracts only] (12 March 2014) Document 159: Partial Continental Shelf Submission of Denmark, together with Greenland, on the Limits of the Southern Continental Shelf ofGreenland: Executive Summary [extracts only] (14 June 2012) Document 160: Note Verbale from Canada on theDanish Submission (15 June 2012) Document 161: Partial Continental Shelf Submission of Denmark, together with Greenland, on the Limits of the North-Eastern Continental Shelf of Greenland: Executive Summary [extracts only] (26 November 2013) Document 162: Note Verbale from Norway on the Danish Submission(21 January 2014) Document 163: Partial Continental Shelf Submission of Denmark, together with Greenland, on the Limits of the Northern Continental Shelf ofGreenland: Executive Summary [extracts only] (15 December 2014) Document 164: Comment by the Russian Foreign Ministry on the filing of Denmark’s claim to the Arctic continental shelf (16 December 2014) Document 165: Note Verbale from Norway on the Danish Submission(17 December 2014) Document 166: Note Verbale from Canada on the Danish Submission(29 December 2014) Document 167: Note Verbale from Russia on the Danish Submission(21 July 2015) Document 168: Note Verbale from the United States on the Danish Submission(30 October 2015) Norway Document 169: Continental Shelf Submission of Norway in respect of areas inthe Arctic Ocean, the Barents Sea and the Norwegian Sea: ExecutiveSummary [extracts only] (27 November 2006) Document 170: Note Verbale from Denmark on the Norwegian Submission(24 January 2007) Document 171: Note Verbale from Iceland on the Norwegian Submission(29 January 2007) Document 172: Note Verbale from the Russian Federation on the NorwegianSubmission (21 February 2007) Document 173: Summary of the Recommendations of the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf in regard to the Submission made by Norway in respect of areas in the Arctic Ocean, the Barents Sea andthe Norwegian Sea [extracts only] (27 March 2009) Canada Document 174: Preliminary Information concerning the outer limits of the continental shelf of Canada in the Arctic Ocean (6 December 2013) Part 6: Arctic Shipping Document 175: IMO Guidelines for Ships Operating in Arctic Ice-CoveredAreas [extracts only] (23 December 2002) Document 176: IMO Guidelines on Enhanced Contingency Planning Guidancefor Passenger Ships Operating in Areas Remote from SAR Facilities (31 May 2006) Document 177: IMO Guidelines on Voyage Planning for Passenger ShipsOperating in Remote Areas (29 November 2007) Document 178: IMO Guidelines for Ships Operating in Polar Waters [extracts only](2 December 2009) Document 179: IMO International Code for Ships Operating in Polar Waters(Polar Code) (21 November 2014/15 May 2015) Document 180: Agreement on Cooperation on Aeronautical and Maritime Search and Rescue in the Arctic [extracts only] (12 May 2011) Document 181: International Hydrographic Organization, Statutes of the ArcticRegional Hydrographic Commission (6 October 2010) Part 7: Arctic Fisheries International Agreements Multilateral Agreements Document 182: Convention for the International Council for the Explorationof the Sea (12 September 1964) Document 183: Convention on Conduct of Fishing Operations in the North Atlantic [extracts only] (1 June 1967) Document 184: Convention on the Future Multilateral Cooperation in Northwest Atlantic Fisheries (24 October 1978) Document 185: Amendment to the Convention on Future Multilateral Cooperationin the Northwest Atlantic Fisheries (28 September 2007) Document 186: Convention on the Future Multilateral Cooperation inNorth-East Atlantic Fisheries (18 November 1980) Document 187: Convention for the Conservation of Salmon in theNorth Atlantic Ocean (2 March 1982) Document 188: Convention for the Conservation of Anadromous Stocks in theNorth Pacific Ocean (11 February 1992) Document 189: Convention on the Conservation and Management of Pollock Resources in the Central Bering Sea (16 June 1994) Bilateral Agreements Document 190: Convention for the Preservation of the Halibut Fishery of theNorth Pacific Ocean and the Bering Sea (2 March 1953) Document 191: Joint Statement between US President Herbert W Bush and Russia’s President Boris Jelzin on The Need for Voluntary Suspensionon Fishing in the Central Bering Sea (17 June 1992) Document 192: Agreement between Norway and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on co-operation in the fishing industry (11 April 1975) Document 193: Agreement between the Government of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and the Government of the Kingdom of Norway concerning mutual relations in the field of fisheries (15 October 1976) Document 194: Agreement between the Government of Canada and the Government of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on Their Mutual Fisheries Relations (19 May 1976) Document 195: Agreement between the Government of Canada and theGovernment of Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on MutualFisheries Relations (1 May 1984) Document 196: Agreement between the Government of the United States and the Government of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on Mutual Fisheries Relations (31 May 1988) Document 197: Diplomatic Note from the United States to the USSR concerning fisheries (24 January 1977) Document 198: Diplomatic Note from the USSR to the United States concerning fisheries (24 February 1977) Document 199: Diplomatic Note from the USSR to the United States concerning fisheries (18 April 1977) Document 200: Agreement between the Government of the United Statesof America and the Government of Canada on FisheriesEnforcement (26 September 1990) Document 201: Agreement between Denmark on behalf of Greenland and Norway concerning mutual fisheries relations (9 June 1992) Document 202: Agreement concerning mutual fisheries relations betweenDenmark (also on behalf of Greenland) and the Russian Federation(7 March 1992) Document 203: Agreement between the Government of Canada and the Government of the Kingdom of Norway on Fisheries Conservation and Enforcement (20 June 1995) Document 204: Agreement between the Government of Iceland, the Governmentof Norway and the Government of the Russian FederationConcerning Certain Aspects of Co-operation in the Areaof Fisheries (Loophole Agreement) (15 May 1999) Document 205: Agreement between the Government of the United Statesof America and the Government of the Russian Federationon Cooperation for the Purposes of Preventing, Deterring and Eliminating Illegal, Unreported, and Unregulated Fishing(11 September 2015) Policy Documents and National Instruments Document 206: United States, A Joint Resolution directing the United Statesto initiate international discussions and take necessary stepswith other Nations to negotiate an agreement for managingmigratory and transboundary fish stocks in theArctic Ocean (3 June 2008) Document 207: Chair’s summary of the meeting of senior officials of the fivecoastal States of the Arctic Ocean in Chelsea: On Arct Présentation de l'éditeur : "The Arctic is an increasingly important region faced with major challenges caused not only by the effects of climate change, but also by a growing interest in its living and non-living resources, its attraction as a new destination for tourism, and as a route for navigation. It is not only the eight Arctic States that have paid an increased level of attention to the region; several non-Arctic actors from Asia and Europe also seek to gain more influence in the High North. At the same time, the evolving law and policy architecture for the Arctic region has recently played a more prominent role in the political and academic debate. Unlike Antarctica, where the coherent Antarctic Treaty System governs international cooperation, the legal regime of Arctic affairs is based on public international law, domestic law, and 'soft law'. These three pillars intersect and interact making Arctic governance multi-faceted and highly complex. This book provides an analytical introduction, a chronology of legally relevant events, and a selection of essential materials covering a wide range of issues-eg delineation and delimitation of maritime boundaries, environmental protection, indigenous peoples' rights, shipping, and fisheries. Included are multilateral and bilateral treaties, UN documents, official statements, informal instruments, domestic laws, and diplomatic correspondence."