The AOxford Handbook of Borderlands of the Iberian World (Oxford Handbooks)

This collaborative multi-authored volume integrates interdisciplinary approaches to ethnic, imperial, and national borderlands in the Iberian World (16th to early 19th centuries). It illustrates the historical processes that produced borderlands in the Americas and connected them to global circuits of exchange and migration in the early modern world. The book offers a balanced state-of-the-art educational tool representing innovative research for teaching and scholarship. Its geographical scope encompasses imperial borderlands in what today is northern Mexico and southern United States; the greater Caribbean basin, including cross-imperial borderlands among the island archipelagos and Central America; the greater Paraguayan river basin, including the Gran Chaco, lowland Brazil, Paraguay, and Bolivia; the Amazonian borderlands; the grasslands and steppes of southern Argentina and Chile; and Iberian trade and religious networks connecting the Americas to Africa and Asia. The volume is structured around the following broad themes: environmental change and humanly crafted landscapes; the role of indigenous allies in the Spanish and Portuguese military expeditions; negotiations of power across imperial lines and indigenous chiefdoms; the parallel development of subsistence and commercial economies across terrestrial and maritime trade routes; labor and the corridors of forced and free migration that led to changing social and ethnic identities; histories of science and cartography; Christian missions, music, and visual arts; gender and sexuality, emphasizing distinct roles and experiences documented for men and women in the borderlands. While centered in the colonial era, it is framed by pre-contact Mesoamerican borderlands and nineteenth-century national developments for those regions where the continuity of inter-ethnic relations and economic networks between the colonial and national periods is particularly salient, like the central Andes, lowland Bolivia, central Brazil, and the Mapuche/Pehuenche captaincies in South America. All the contributors are highly recognized scholars, representing different disciplines and academic traditions in North America, Latin America and Europe. Cover The oxford handbook of BORDERLANDS OF THE IBERIAN WORLD Copyright Table of Contents Acknowledgments Contributors Abbreviations Introduction: Borderlands, A Working Definition Historiography: Frontiers to Borderlands Rethinking Borderlands Notes Bibliography Part I: INDIGENOUS BORDERLANDS, CULTURAL LANDSCAPES, AND SPHERES OF POWER IN THE AMERICAS Chapter 1: Patterns of Food Security in the Pre-Hispanic Americas Hunting and Gathering Extensive Agriculture Intensive Agriculture Survival Stratagems Notes Bibliography Chapter 2: Crafting Landscapes in the Iberian Borderlands of the Americas Historians of the Environment Land Tenure and Environmental Change in the Borderlands Industry, Urbanization, and Landscape Transformations Notes Bibliography Chapter 3: Fluctuating Frontiers in the Borderlands of Mesoamerica The Mirror of the Past The Confused Term, Chichimeca The Fluctuations of Northern Mesoamerica Chalchihuites Culture as an Ancient Tierra Adentro Road The Uneven Development of a Cultural Legacy and the Coastal Road Tepima Expansion: Another World in Flux What Kind of Borderland The Longue Durée and Indigenous Agency Notes Bibliography Chapter 4: Population and Epidemics North of Zacatecas Historiographical Overview and Applied Methodology Epidemics in the North of New Spain Epidemic Crises and Population Trends Notes Bibliography Chapter 5: “Indian Friends and Allies” in the Spanish Imperial Borderlands of North America Nahuas, Otomís, and Purépechas: Outstanding Allies in New Spain Figures, Functions, and Order Notes Bibliography Chapter 6: The Indian Garrison Colonies of New Spain and Central America Patterns in Petitions: A Fight Between Conquerors Crown Reform and the Age of Petitions for Preferment Renewing the Compact 1550–1750 Visualizing Inland Frontiers Northern and Southern Frontiers in the Age of Galvez Notes Bibliography Chapter 7: Inter-Ethnic War in Sonora: Indigenous Captains General and Cultural Change, 1740–1832 The Office of the Captain General in the Province of Sonora: A Necessary Evil for Spanish Dominion Captains General and Indigenous “Nations” The Captains General Between the “Previous Government” and the “New System” Notes Bibliography Chapter 8: Native Informants and the Limits of Portuguese Dominion in Late-Colonial Brazil Indians of an Uncertain Nature Disenchantment At the Mines Notes Bibliography Part II: TRANSCONTINENTAL BORDERLANDS IN IBERO-AMERICA Internal Trade Networks: Commercial and Migratory Labor Circuits Chapter 9: Indigenous Trade in Caribbean Central America, 1700s–1800s Among Independent Indians Trade in the Reducciones Atlantic Connections: Trading with the European Foreigners Notes Bibliography Chapter 10: Connections and Circulation in the Southern Andes from Colony to Republic South Andean Connections and Circulations Through Time Connections and Circulation in the Late Colonial Period Connections and Exchanges During Wartime The Republican Emergence: Political Disintegration of an Integrated Space Notes Bibliography Chapter 11: The Royal Road of the Interior in New Spain: Indigenous Commerce and Political Action State of the Field Micro-Histories Notes Bibliography Shifting Identities in Relation to Gender, Demography, Ethnicity, and Mestizaje Chapter 12: Indigenous Autonomy and the Blurring of Spanish Sovereignty in the Calchaquí Valley, Sixteenth to Seventeenth Century Tucumán, an Imperial Limbo A Colonial Black Hole: The Calchaquí Valley Colonial Power and Indigenous Autonomy Indianization and Subversion of Colonial Order The Decline of Calchaquí Autonomy Notes Bibliography Chapter 13: Labyrinths of Mestizaje: Understanding Cultural Persistence and Transformation in Nueva Vizcaya Cultural Confrontations in Nueva Vizcaya: Historiography and Methodology The Nueva Vizcayan Frontier: Spanish Invasions and Native Responses Windows onto a Multiethnic Frontier: Spaces of Economic and Social Interaction Gender and Ethnicity in the Labyrinths of Mestizaje Notes Bibliography Chapter 14: Borderlands in the Silver Mines of New Spain, 1540–1660 Forging the Frontier: Geographic, Urban, and Environmental Transformations The Foundations of Mining Society: Labor, Immigration, and Population Ethnic, Gender, and Social Fluidity on the Frontier Notes Bibliography Chapter 15: Indigenous Histories in Colonial Brazil: Between Ethnocide and Ethnogenesis Ethnocide Ethnogenesis In Search of the Colonial Indian Agents of their Own History Notes Bibliography Chapter 16: Colonization, Mediation, and Mestizaje in the Borderlands of Nineteenth-Century Minas Gerais, Brazil Arms and Arguments of Civilization Garrisons, Barracks, and Indigenist Legislation (1804–1845) The Colonization of the Mucuri On the Different Botocudo Groups Shamanism and “Revolt”: The Capuchin Mission and Indigenous People Notes Bibliography The production of knowledge: science and cartography, art, religion, and music Chapter 17: Borderlands of Knowledge in the Estado da Índia (Sixteenth–Eighteenth Centuries) Materia Medica or a No Man’s Land Catholic Missionary Frontiers Linguistic Borders and Translation Zones Notes Bibliography Chapter 18: Tierra Incognita: Cartography and Projects of Territorial Expansion in Sonora and Arizona, Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries The neutralization of space: the northern frontier as “theater” Incorporation into Christianity The Threat of Hostile Indians and the Discursive Return to a Militarized Frontier Notes Bibliography Chapter 19: The Virgin of El Zape and Jesuit Missions in Nueva Vizcaya Documenting Miracles and the Virgin of Zape The Sculpture of the Virgin of Zape Notes Bibliography Chapter 20: Franciscan Mysticism on the Northern Frontier of New Spain Conversion Miracles Fray Antonio Margil de Jesús and the Santa Rosa Beatas Notes Bibliography Chapter 21: Musical Cultures of the Ibero-American Borderlands Notes Bibliography Chapter 22: Frontier Missions in South America: Impositions, Adaptations, and Appropriations Impositions Adaptations Appropriations Notes Bibliography Shifting Territories and Enduring Peoples in the Iberian American Borderlands Chapter 23: Borderlands of Bondage A Dynamic Institution How Many Indian Slaves? Notes Bibliography Chapter 24: Riverine Borderlands and Multicultural Contacts in Central Brazil, 1775–1835 The Geographical and Cultural Background of Goiás The Invaders Missionaries and Missions Structures of Empire War and Intertribal Relations Notes Bibliography Chapter 25: Conflict, Alliance, Mobility, and Place in the Evolution of Identity in Portuguese Amazonia Territorial Occupation Floating Frontiers: Identity and Place at Mid-Century False Frontiers: The Civilized and The Heathen Notes Bibliography Chapter 26: Autonomous Indian Nations and Peacemaking in Colonial Brazil Dispatches from the Garrison Indigenous Motivations and Aims in Peacemaking Native Practices of Peace Outcomes and Legacies Notes Bibliography Part III: IMPERIAL BORDERLANDS AND TRANS-OCEANIC EXCHANGES: SOME PERSPECTIVES Chapter 27: Trans-Imperial Interaction and the Rio de la Plata as an Atlantic Borderland Port Cities, Borderlands, Interaction Zones Colônia do Sacramento and the Contested Incorporation of the North Bank into the Atlantic World Authority, Corruption, and Trans-Imperial Trade Notes Bibliography Chapter 28: The Construction of a Frontier Space: Inter-Ethnic Relations in Northern Bolivia Frontier Relations and Policies in Bolivian Amazonia Indigenous Participation in Constructing Beniano Space The Guarayos, from Bárbaros to “Useful Citizens” Notes Bibliography Chapter 29: The Spanish Empire’s Southernmost Frontiers: From Arauco to the Strait of Magellan The Uniqueness of the Spanish Southernmost Frontier Arauco: La Frontera The Other Frontier: La Frontera de Arriba The “Endless Islands to the Strait”: The Mobile Frontier of Aysén Spain’s Enemies in the Chilean Borderlands Phase 1: Elizabethan Privateers (1578–1594) Phase 2: Dutch Privateers (1599–1645) Phase 3: Privateers, Buccaneers, and Smugglers (1670–1740) Notes Bibliography Chapter 30: Shaping an Inter-Imperial Exchange Zone: Smugglers, Runaway Slaves, and Itinerant Priests in the Southern Caribbean Economic and Religious Control in a Trans-Imperial Borderland Contraband, Imperial Structures, and the Sea as a Fluvial Border Notes Bibliography Chapter 31: The Pacific Borderlands of the Spanish Empire Historiography of an Oceanic Borderland “Gallos de alto poder” in Acapulco From the Pacific Borderlands to the Global Economy Notes Bibliography Chapter 32: Converting the Pacific: Jesuit Networks Between New Spain and Asia A Trans-Pacific Network Debating Conquest and Accommodation Rival Martyrs: Transpacific Devotion and Competition Forging a Way to China from California Converting the Pacific Notes Bibliography Chapter 33: Indigenous Diaspora, Bondage, and Freedom in Colonial Cuba Historiography: Between Slavery and Forced Labor Spanish Colonization, Amerindian Slavery, and the Founding of Havana British Occupation, Social Transformation, and State Enslavement Indians, Emperors, and Republics: Between Slavery and Free Labor Notes Bibliography Chapter 34: Impact on the Spanish Empire of the Russian Incursion into the North Pacific, 1741–1821 Protection of New Spain’s Northwestern Frontier The Border of the Russian Empire in America Defense of the Spanish Border in Alta California Notes Bibliography Glossary Index "This collaborative Oxford Handbook of Borderlands in the Iberian World integrates interdisciplinary approaches to illustrate the historical processes that produced borderlands in the Americas and connected them to global circuits of exchange and migration in the early modern world, extending from the fifteenth to the nineteenth-centuries. It brings together specialists in the Spanish and Portuguese imperial spheres, their geographic and cultural borderlands in both South and North America, and their maritime networks across the Caribbean, Atlantic and Pacific oceans."-- Provided by publisher