انسان‌شناسی سلامت و درمان

The Anthropology of Health and Healing provides the first holistic approach to the study of medical anthropology. Over the past two decades, medical anthropology has been the most rapidly growing subfield in anthropology, and a number of medial anthropology texts have been published, focusing primarily on public policy and health care delivery systems. Yet while Anthropologists have researched topics related to medical anthropology for over 100 years, here Womack thoroughly surveys this richly diverse field and provides an integrated approach that links together the biological, psychological, social, communicative, epidemiological, philosophical, historical, and developmental factors that shape health and healing. Contents......Page 8 Preface: A Tribute to My Teachers......Page 12 Introduction: The Anthropology of Health and Healing......Page 18 Part I: The Psychobiology of Health and Healing......Page 26 1. Models of the Body, the Self, and the Human Experience......Page 28 Taming the Body......Page 31 The Rebellious Body......Page 34 Medicine and the Body as Machine......Page 36 Concepts of the Body, Illness, and Power......Page 42 2. Constructing Gender: The Body in Social Context......Page 46 The Social Context of Genital Alteration......Page 58 Constructing Gender......Page 63 Hijras of India......Page 65 3. The Biology of Psychology and the Psychology of Biology......Page 72 Western Philosophy and the Mind-Body Dichotomy......Page 73 The Biology of the Brain......Page 75 Synapses: Communication Circuitry of the Brain......Page 77 The Social Context of Human Brain Development......Page 79 Communication, Cognition, and Abstract Thought......Page 81 Issues in Studying the Human Brain......Page 82 Biology and Cognition......Page 86 Emotions, Health, and Illness......Page 88 4. Metaphor, Labeling Theory, and the Placebo Effect......Page 92 What's in a Name?......Page 93 Folk Taxonomies and Explanations of Illness......Page 101 Part II: Maintaining Health and Healing the Whole Person......Page 108 5. The Human Life Cycle: Coming of Age......Page 110 Concepts Regarding Conception......Page 112 Pregnancy: Who Owns the Embryo?......Page 117 Childbirth......Page 119 Infancy......Page 126 Childhood......Page 132 6. The Human Life Cycle: The Reproductive Years......Page 140 Becoming a Parent......Page 150 Sharing the Burden: The Biology and Sociology of Paternity......Page 155 Grandparenthood......Page 157 7. The Human Life Cycle: Growing Old and Growing Good......Page 162 Attitudes Toward Aging......Page 164 Aging and Medicine......Page 167 8. Lifestyle and Health......Page 170 Play, Flow, and Health......Page 171 Cooperation and Collaboration......Page 174 Nutrition, Health, and the Culture of Food Preference......Page 176 Illness and Agriculture......Page 181 Asceticism and Ritual Purity......Page 183 Part III: Models of Diagnosis and Treatment......Page 186 9. Biomedicine and the Scientific Approach......Page 188 Medical Anthropology in the Field......Page 190 Western Medicine: A Brief History......Page 192 Western Biomedicine and Science......Page 196 Environmental Selection and Human Variability......Page 198 Genetics and Medicine......Page 201 Why Western Biomedicine Is Not a Cure-All......Page 202 10. Restoring the Balance: Asian Models of Health and Healing......Page 208 Energy Models and Science......Page 210 The Yin and Yang of Chinese Medicine......Page 213 Chinese Healing Techniques—Acupuncture......Page 220 Ayurveda: An Ancient Healing Tradition with New Advocates......Page 224 11. Calling on the Spirits: Shamans, Sorcerers, and Mediums......Page 230 The History and Psychology of Shamanism......Page 232 The "Shamanic Career": Becoming a Shaman......Page 237 Shamanism Compared to Psychosis......Page 239 Integrating Medical Systems......Page 241 12. The Emerging Field of Integrative Medicine......Page 244 What Is "Efficacy"?......Page 247 Efficacy and the Practice of Medicine......Page 249 An Experiment in Integrative Medicine......Page 251 Part IV: Contemporary Issues in Health and Healing......Page 260 13. The Social Context of Epidemics......Page 262 The Malaria Pandemic......Page 264 HIV/AIDS......Page 267 Epidemics, Animals, and Social Status......Page 269 HIV and Tuberculosis: An Epidemiological Time Bomb......Page 271 Developmental Disorders......Page 274 Evolution and Epidemiology......Page 279 Global Warming and Epidemiology......Page 282 14. Medicines, Herbs, and Dietary Supplements......Page 286 Traditional Pharmacology: Healing and Dreaming......Page 287 Science and Controlled Experiments......Page 289 Drug Trials......Page 291 A "Pill-Popping Society"......Page 294 The Natural History of Herbs......Page 300 Scientific Metaphors......Page 303 15. Public Policy and Health-Care Delivery Systems......Page 306 The Geneva Conventions......Page 307 Social Inequality and Availability of Medical Care......Page 308 Population and Public Policy......Page 311 The Human Cost of Malnutrition......Page 315 Medical Tourism......Page 322 Notes......Page 326 A......Page 344 C......Page 345 E......Page 347 H......Page 348 L......Page 349 M......Page 350 P......Page 351 S......Page 353 V......Page 354 W......Page 355 References......Page 356 A......Page 368 B......Page 369 C......Page 371 E......Page 372 G......Page 373 I......Page 374 L......Page 375 M......Page 376 N......Page 377 P......Page 378 S......Page 379 T......Page 380 V......Page 381 Z......Page 382 About the Author......Page 384 This Book Is The First Text To Take An Integrative Approach To The Discipline Of Medical Anthropology. In It, The Author Champions A Practice Of Medicine That Includes The Maintenance Of Health As Well As Treatment Of Illness, Emphasizing The Importance Of Lifestyle And The Life Cycle. The Psychobiology Of Health And Healing -- Models Of The Body, The Self, And The Human Experience -- Constructing Gender: The Body In Social Context -- The Biology Of Psychology And The Psychology Of Biology -- Metaphor, Labeling Theory, And The Placebo Effect -- Maintaining Health And Healing The Whole Person -- The Human Life Cycle: Coming Of Age -- The Human Life Cycle: The Reproductive Years -- The Human Life Cycle: Growing Old And Growing Good -- Lifestyle And Health -- Models Of Diagnosis And Treatment -- Biomedicine And The Scientific Approach -- Restoring The Balance: Asian Models Of Health And Healing -- Calling On The Spirits: Shamans, Sorcerers, And Mediums -- The Emerging Field Of Integrative Medicine -- Contemporary Issues In Health And Healing -- The Social Context Of Epidemics -- Medicines, Herbs, And Dietary Supplements -- Public Policy And Health-care Delivery Systems. Mari Womack. Includes Bibliographical References And Index. The psychobiology of health and healing. Models of the body, the self, and the human experience. Constructing gender: the body in social context. The biology of psychology and the psychology of biology. Metaphor, labeling theory, and the placebo effect. Maintaining health and healing the whole person. The human life cycle: coming of age. The human life cycle: the reproductive years. The human life cycle: growing old and growing good. Lifestyle and health. Models of diagnosis and treatment. Biomedicine and the scientific approach. Restoring the balance: Asian models of health and healing. Calling on the spirits: shamans, sorcerers, and mediums. The emerging field of integrative medicine. Contemporary issues in health and healing. The social context of epidemics. Medicines, herbs, and dietary supplements. Public policy and health care delivery systems

The Anthropology of Health and Healing provides the first holistic approach to the study of medical anthropology. Over the past two decades, medical anthropology has been the most rapidly growing subfield in anthropology, and a number of medical anthropology texts have been published, focusing primarily on public policy and health care delivery systems. Yet while anthropologists have researched topics related to medical anthropology for more than one hundred years, here Mari Womack thoroughly surveys this richly diverse field and provides an integrated approach that links together the biological, psychological, social, communicative, epidemiological, philosophical, historical, and developmental factors that shape health and healing.