The Anra Scarab: An archaeological and historical approach: An archaeological and historical approach

The potential of the scarab seal is still neglected by many archaeologists. They are primarily considered for chronological purposes, and so their capacity as an historical document is under-rated, as is their value as an archaeological tool. Luckily, more recent studies are beginning to assess the archaeological and historical value of scarabs, and in particular design scarabs, revealing them as potential indicators of cultural interaction, and it is within this genre that the anra (identified always bya sequence of hieroglyphs which includes the letters n and r) scarab is considered in this extensive study. The aim of this work is to try and establish the status, function, meaning, and significance of the anra scarab, and possibly offer something new with regard to the nature of the relationships that existed between the countries of Africa and the Levant during the latter part of the Middle Bronze Age. Front Cover Title Page Copyright TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Figures in Text List of Tables and Graphs in Text List of Maps in Text Acknowledgments Introduction Chapter I. The Scarab Seal Chapter II. Background Relationships: The Middle Bronze Age in Syria, Palestine, Egypt, Nubia Chapter III. Chronology Chapter IV. Typology Chapter V. Contextual Analysis Chapter VI. The Meaning of Anra: the El Factor Conclusions Abbreviations Bibliography APPENDICES CATALOGUE OF ANRA SCARABS Fiona Richards. Based On The Author's Thesis (doctoral)--university Of Edinburgh, 1997. Includes Bibliographical References (p. 166-180) And Index.