The Allied Intervention in Russia, 1918-1920 : The Diplomacy of Chaos

This work explores the reasons for the Allied intervention into Russia at the end of the Great War and examines the military, diplomatic and political chaos that resulted in the failure of the Allies and White Russians to defeat the Bolshevik Revolution. "Cover" -- "Contents" -- "List of Plates" -- "List of Maps" -- "Acknowledgements" -- "List of Abbreviations" -- "1 Introduction" -- "2 Year of Crisis, 1917" -- "3 Stalled Intervention â#x80;#x93; North, South, East and West" -- "4 USâ#x80;#x93;Japanese Rivalry in Siberia" -- "5 The Allies Act â#x80;#x93; Murmansk and Archangel" -- "6 Too Few, Too Late â#x80;#x93; The Caucasus, the North and Siberia, Summer 1918" -- "7 Disaster for the Misunderstood â#x80;#x93; Anti-Bolshevik Support in North Russia, Augustâ#x80;#x93;November 1918" -- "8 Friends or Enemies Together? Allies in Siberia, Summer 1918" -- "9 Dying in Russia While Others Debate, October 1918â#x80;#x93;January 1919" -- "10 Vision versus Reality: The Paris Peace Conference and Russia, Januaryâ#x80;#x93;February 1919" -- "11 Retreat, Abandonment and Bolshevik Victory, Februaryâ#x80;#x93;April 1919" -- "12 Allied Evacuation and White Victories, Marchâ#x80;#x93;June 1919" -- "13 Allied Retreat and White Defeat, Mayâ#x80;#x93;October 1919" -- "14 Red Triumph and White Humiliation, July 1919â#x80;#x93;November 1920" -- "15 Conclusion" -- "Appendix: People Involved in Allied Intervention into Russia, 1918â#x80;#x93;1920" -- "Bibliography" Front Matter....Pages i-xiii Introduction....Pages 1-10 Year of Crisis, 1917....Pages 11-35 Stalled Intervention — North, South, East and West....Pages 36-46 US-Japanese Rivalry in Siberia....Pages 47-67 The Allies Act — Murmansk and Archangel....Pages 68-82 Too Few, Too Late — The Caucasus, the North and Siberia, Summer 1918....Pages 83-101 Disaster for the Misunderstood — Anti-Bolshevik Support in North Russia, August–November 1918....Pages 102-128 Friends or Enemies Together? Allies in Siberia, Summer 1918....Pages 129-144 Dying in Russia While Others Debate, October 1918–January 1919....Pages 145-164 Vision versus Reality: The Paris Peace Conference and Russia, January–February 1919....Pages 165-185 Retreat, Abandonment and Bolshevik Victory, February–April 1919....Pages 186-204 Allied Evacuation and White Victories, March–June 1919....Pages 205-228 Allied Retreat and White Defeat, May–October 1919....Pages 229-250 Red Triumph and White Humiliation, July 1919–November 1920....Pages 251-264 Conclusion....Pages 265-275 Back Matter....Pages 276-317 Chaos has many names: anarchy, pandemonium, turmoil, or, utter confusion; and there is no better example than the events concerning Russia during the Great War and the debacle that was the Allied attempts at intervention there. This chaos was self-inflicted by the Allies themselves. The Allied strategic objectives in Russia changed over the course of three distinct time periods. From the first Russian Revolution in March 1917 to the November Bolshevik revolution, the Allies tried to keep Russia in the war as an active ally. From November 1917 to the November 1918 Armistice, they tried to prevent the Bolsheviks from making a separate peace and, failing that, to re-establish an Eastern Front. Finally from the Armistice to the fall of the Whites in Crimea in 1920, the Allies tried to strangle Bolshevism. Throughout, Britain remained the driving force despite Lloyd George's antipathy towards military action and President Woodrow Wilson's efforts to minimize intervention