The 1940 Vrancea earthquake : issues, insights and lessons learnt : proceedings of the Symposium Commemorating 75 Years from November 10, 1940 Vrancea Earthquake

These proceedings include most of the available information on this major seismic event and its consequences. With an estimated moment magnitude of 7.7 and a heavy toll in terms of human and economic losses, it ranks as the largest intermediate-depth earthquake in Europe in the twentieth century. Nevertheless, because of the difficult conditions in the 1940s, the lessons learnt after the Vrancea earthquake were not extensively shared with the international scientific community and thus, this book fills a gap in the literature discussing the knowledge acquired after major disasters. Past experience together with current understanding of the 1940 Vrancea earthquake are presented along with the latest information on Romanian seismicity, seismic hazard and risk assessment, and seismic evaluation and rehabilitation of buildings and structures. Moreover, it includes excerpts from Romanian post-disaster reports and textbooks concerning the earthquake. Front Matter....Pages i-xii Front Matter....Pages 1-1 Overview of Part I....Pages 3-17 The Strong Romanian Earthquakes of 10.11.1940 and 4.03.1977. Lessons Learned and Forgotten?....Pages 19-35 Before and After November 10th, 1940 Earthquake....Pages 37-55 The Collapse of Carlton Building in Bucharest at November 10, 1940 Earthquake: An Analysis Based on Recovered Images....Pages 57-72 Main Characteristics of November 10, 1940 Strong Vrancea Earthquake in Seismological and Physics of Earthquake Terms....Pages 73-83 The 10 November 1940—The First Moment of Truth for Modern Constructions in Romania....Pages 85-99 Macroseismic Effect of the November 10, 1940 Earthquake in the Territory of Moldova, Ukraine and Russia....Pages 101-112 Causes and Effects of the November 10, 1940 Earthquake....Pages 113-128 Front Matter....Pages 129-129 Overview of Part II: Seismicity of Romania. Seismic Hazard Assessment; Local Soil Conditions Effects....Pages 131-134 Use of Various Discrimination Techniques to Separate Small Magnitude Events Occurred in the Northern Part of Romania....Pages 135-150 Prediction of Site Characterization Based on Field Investigations and Empirical Correlations....Pages 151-168 Spectral Displacement Demands for Strong Ground Motions Recorded During Vrancea Intermediate-Depth Earthquakes....Pages 169-188 Analysis of the Seismic Activity in the Vrancea Intermediate-Depth Source Region During the Period 2010–2015....Pages 189-203 A Contemporary View to the Impact of the Strong Vrancea Earthquakes on Bulgaria....Pages 205-219 Site Dependent Seismic Hazard Assessment for Bucharest Based on Stochastic Simulations....Pages 221-233 Scaling Properties for the Vrancea Subcrustal Earthquakes: An Overview....Pages 235-252 The 2013 Earthquake Swarm in the Galati Area: First Results for a Seismotectonic Interpretation....Pages 253-265 Comparison of Three Major Historical Earthquakes with Three Recent Earthquakes....Pages 267-283 An Attempt to Bridge the Gap Between the Traditional Concept of Seismic Intensity and the Need of Accuracy Required by Engineering Activities....Pages 285-304 Earthquake Precursors Assessment in Vrancea Region Through Satellite and In Situ Monitoring Data....Pages 305-314 Front Matter....Pages 315-315 Overview of Part III: Structural Design in Seismic Areas; Performance Based Design....Pages 317-318 Influence of the Infill Panels Masonry Type on the Seismic Behaviour of Reinforced Concrete Frame Structures....Pages 319-331 A Time-Domain Approach for the Performance-Based Analysis of Tall Buildings in Bucharest....Pages 333-350 Unidirectional Cyclic Behavior of Old Masonry Walls in Romania....Pages 351-361 Viscous Damper Distribution Using Genetic Algorithms and Pattern Search Optimization....Pages 363-375 Selecting and Scaling Strong Ground Motion Records Based on Conditional Mean Spectra. Case Study for Iasi City in Romania....Pages 377-391 Front Matter....Pages 393-393 Overview of Part IV: Seismic Evaluation and Rehabilitation. Seismic Risk Assessment....Pages 395-398 Estimation of Damage-Loss from Scenario Earthquake Analogous to November 10, 1940 in Republic of Moldova....Pages 399-409 Some Remarks Regarding Seismic Vulnerability for Orthodox Churches....Pages 411-424 Seismic Loss Estimates for Scenarios of the 1940 Vrancea Earthquake....Pages 425-439 Rapid Earthquake Early Warning (REWS) in Romania: Application in Real Time for Governmental Authority and Critical Infrastructures....Pages 441-449 Seismic Assessment and Rehabilitation of Existing Constructions after the 10th November 1940 and 4th March 1977 Earthquakes in Romania....Pages 451-462 Analytical Seismic Fragility Functions for Dual RC Structures in Bucharest....Pages 463-479 Conceptual Framework for the Seismic Risk Evaluation of Transportation Networks in Romania....Pages 481-496 Back Matter....Pages 497-521