Textbook of Neurointensive Care, Volume 2: Perioperative Management, Monitoring, Pharmacotherapy

This updated and refined new edition is the only book to provide a comprehensive approach to the intensive care of neurologically injured patients from the emergency room and ICU through the operating room and post-surgical period. It reviews neuroanatomy, neuroradiology, and neurophysiology, examines the neurological problems most frequently seen in intensive care, and describes the various types of neurosurgery. General issues are discussed, such as cardiac care, fluids and electrolytes, nutrition, and monitoring as well as more specific conditions and complications including elevated intracranial pressure, seizures, and altered mental states. More than 40 leading authorities present a comprehensive, clear approach to the care of neurological disease and injury7from the emergency room and ICU through the operating room and post-surgical period. They discuss everything from general issues7such as cardiac care, fluids and electrolytes, nutrition, and monitoring7to specfic conditions and complications including elevated intracranial pressure, seizures, and altered mental states. Surgical chapters review problem issues from the surgeon's point of view, providing the ultimate practitioner's perspective for learning and observation. Covers all monitoring, imaging, and surgical modalities. Reviews neuroanatomy and neurophysiology. Offers a detailed review of radiologic anatomy through abundant use of plain film, CT and MR scanning techniques. Examines the neurological problems most frequently encountered in intensive care. Describes the various types of neurosurgery. Presents detailed discussions of endovascular interventions. Provides evidence-based data when available. Includes algorithms to facilitate decision making and key points in each chapter. Alerts the reader to problems that can arise in even the most well-performed procedure. Presents full-chapter coverage of today's hot topics including Basic Endovascular Neurosurgery and Interventional Radiology (Ch. 7) Brain Resuscitation After Cardiac Arrest (Ch. 15) Neuropharmacology (Ch 22) Altered Mental Status (Ch. 27) Multi-system, Head, and Spinal Chord Trauma (Ch. 28) Brain Protection (Ch. 31) and Gene Therapy (Ch. 32). "Listening to an injured brain is not easy. It takes knowledge, dedication, and understanding of the critically ill patient and their family. It takes an appreciation of the logistics of care in these difficult times of imbalance between more and sicker patients and fewer medical specialists. The impact of the right personnel, whose interest and training is in neurocritical care, has shown promise, both in terms of improving patient outcome and quality. The editors have updated this second edition with the latest knowledge and trends. Gathering together a group of international experts who champions the three characteristics Patient and Family Centered High Quality Care, Education, and Discovery needed in our NeuroICUs, the editors present to the reader a comprehensive textbook of neurocritical care, incorporating best practice / evidence-based medicine and performance improvement. This book is not an effort to embellish the shelf of a medical library; it is a practical bedside friend to be used to improve the neurological outcomes of those for whom we are honored to care: our patients“ – Font no determinada Foreword Preface Contents Part I: Priorities in Perioperative Management 1: Intraoperative Neuroanesthesia Introduction Anesthesia and Basic Neuropathophysiology Cerebral Oxygen Consumption Intracranial Pressure Cerebral Blood Flow and Its Influences Arterial Oxygen Content Fluid and Electrolyte Management Key Perioperative Events Intubation and Head Frame Placement Positioning Venous Air Embolism Extubation Postoperative Visual Loss Special Consideration for Specific Neurosurgical Procedures Mass Lesions Posterior Fossa Surgery Brainstem Transsphenoidal Hypophysectomy Vascular Neurosurgery Cerebral Aneurysms Arteriovenous Malformations Carotid Endarterectomy Endovascular Surgery Stroke Thrombectomy Spine Surgery Awake and Functional Operations Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Conclusion References 2: Postoperative Care for the Neurosurgical Patient: Cranial Procedures Goals of Neurointensive Care Following Cranial Neuro