Terrorism in Pakistan: The Tehreek-e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP) and the Challenge to Security (International Library of Twentieth Century History)

"Since the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in 1979, Pakistan has faced the threat of terrorism in different forms and shapes. Yet in recent years the threat has taken on a new dimension. After 9/11 the US campaign against Osama bin Laden, al-Qaeda and the Taliban in Afghanistan led to a surge in unrest and violence in Pakistan. Al-Qaeda gained a foothold in tribal regions of Pakistan via their local supporters, the Tehreek-e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP), currently led by Mullah Fazlullah, who unleashed a new wave of terror across Pakistan. Since then, more than 60,000 Pakistanis have been killed as the result of TTP-orchestrated insurgency and terrorist attacks and Pakistan's society, economy and its international image have suffered at the hands of TTP and its affiliated groups. As a result of several military operations many TTP leaders have taken refuge in Afghanistan where they have joined hands with the terrorist group ISIS, the so-called Islamic State, or Daesh by its local name. Pakistan's nascent democratic set-up, in the form of the government of Nawaz Sharif, is struggling to curb this menace. This is the first book to cover all aspects of terrorism in Pakistan and to reveal the composition, ideology, approaches and strengths of TTP and its affiliates. It is essential reading for policy-makers, strategists, security experts and students to understand the intricate contours and dimensions of insurgency and terrorism within Pakistan."--Bloomsbury Publishing. Cover Author Biography Title Page Copyright Contents List of Illustrations Abbreviations Foreword Introduction 1. The Background to Militancy in Pakistan before 2001 The Genesis 2. Four Phases of Extremism and Terrorism First Phase Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami (HuJI) Jamaat-ud-Dawa (JuD)/Lashkar-e-Taiba (LeT) LeT’s Involvement in the Mumbai Incident United Nations Ban on Jamaat-ud-Dawa/LeT Transformation 3. The Second Phase The Third Phase Sipah-e-Sahaba Pakistan (SSP) Lashkar-e-Jhangvi (LeJ) Sipah-e-Muhammad Pakistan (SMP) 4. The Rise of Militancy in Pakistan After 2001 The Fourth Phase The Four Factors The Main Concern 5. Tehreek-e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP) Structure and System of TTP TTP in Swat TTP Punjab Chapter TTP’s Tactics and Targets 6. Lal Masjid Operation, Escalation in Terrorist Activities and Expansion Across the Country The Use of Media and the Internet by Militants Claiming Responsibility Terrorism Financing Public Support and Sympathy for TTP and Al Qaeda 7. The State Response Counter-Insurgency (COIN) Is a Military Method the Right Solution? The Use of Lashkars to Counter Insurgents Peace Deal Politics Strength, Tenacity, Objectives and Previous Pacts (STOP) The Shakai Agreement The Sararogha Agreement (February 2005) The Swat Agreement (May 2008) Nizam-e-Adl Peace Deal in Swat (2009) Laws to Tackle Insurgents and Terrorists Countering Terrorism Need for a Counter-Terrorism Strategy Proposed Counter-Terrorism Strategy Role of Security and Intelligence Agencies Insipid Investigation and Placid Prosecution 8. Irritants and Impediments Pashtun Nature The Drone Effects Drone Attacks in Pakistan: 2005 – 15 Myths, Conspiracy Theories and Facts 9. The Existential Threat Religious Extremism and Sectarianism Economic Downturn Social, Cultural and Psychological Fallouts 10. Future of TTP and Terrorism Splintering of TTP: The Beginning of TTP’s End? Would TTP Die after the US Departure from Afghanistan? Conclusion Appendix Notes Bibliography Index