Temporary Structure Design

A comprehensive guide to temporary structures in construction projects Temporary Structure Design is the first book of its kind, presenting students and professionals with authoritative coverage of the major concepts in designing temporary construction structures. Beginning with a review of statistics, it presents the core topics needed to fully comprehend the design of temporary structures: strength of materials; types of loads on temporary structures; scaffolding design; soil properties and soil loading; soldier beam, lagging, and tiebacks; sheet piling and strutting; pressure and forces on formwork and falsework; concrete formwork design; falsework; bracing and guying; trestles and equipment bridges; and the support of existing structures. Temporary structures during construction include scaffolding, formwork, shoring, ramps, platforms, earth-retaining structures, and other construction structures that are not part of the permanent installation. These structures are less regulated and monitored than most other parts of the construction process, even though they are often supporting tons of steel or concrete—and the safety of all workers on the site depends on these structures to perform as designed. Unfortunately, most tragic failures occur during construction and are usually the result of improperly designed, constructed, and/or maintained temporary structures. Temporary Structure Design fills an important need in the literature by providing a trusted, comprehensive guide to designing temporary construction structures. Serves as the first book to provide a design-oriented approach to the design of temporary structures Includes coverage of the various safety considerations inherent in temporary structure design and construction Provides information on estimating cost and schedules for these specialized structures Covers formwork and falsework, as well as personnel protection, production support, environmental protection, and foundational structures If you're a student or a professional working in the field of construction or structural engineering, Temporary Structure Design is a must-have resource you'll turn to again and again. () Cover 1 Title Page 5 Copyright 6 Contents 9 About the Author 15 Preface 17 Acknowledgments 19 Chapter 1 Statics Review 23 1.1 Statics Review 23 1.2 Units of Measure 23 1.2.1 Common Units of Measure 24 1.3 Statics 25 1.3.1 Centroids/Center of Gravity 26 1.3.2 Properties of Sections 29 Chapter 2 Strength of Materials Review 40 2.1 Stress 40 2.1.1 Normal Stress 40 2.1.2 Bending Stress 41 2.1.3 Shear Stress 41 2.1.4 Horizontal Shear Stress 42 2.1.5 Modulus of Elasticity 44 2.2 Bending Moments 44 2.2.1 Maximum Bending Moments 44 2.2.2 Maximum Shear 45 2.2.3 Law of Superposition 45 2.3 Materials 46 2.3.1 Factors of Safety 46 2.3.2 Grades of Steel 46 2.3.3 Compact Beam 47 2.3.4 Wood 48 2.4 Deflection 49 2.5 Shear and Moment Diagrams 50 2.6 Beam Design 56 2.6.1 Combined Stress 63 Chapter 3 Types of Loads on Temporary Structures 67 3.1 Supports and Connections on Temporary Structures 67 3.1.1 Forces and Loads on Temporary Structures 69 3.1.2 Materials—How Different Materials Create Different Forces 70 Chapter 4 Scaffolding Design 81 4.1 Regulatory 81 4.2 Types of Scaffolding 81 4.3 Loading on Scaffolding 83 4.4 Scaffolding Factors of Safety 84 4.5 Scaffold Components 84 4.5.1 Planking 84 4.5.2 Bearers (Lateral Supports) 84 4.5.3 Runners 84 4.5.4 Posts 85 4.5.5 OSHA 85 4.6 Scaffold Design 85 4.6.1 Securing Scaffolding to the Structure 91 4.6.2 Hanging Scaffold 91 Chapter 5 Soil Properties and Soil Loading 97 5.1 Soil Properties 97 5.1.1 Standard Penetration Test and Log of Test Borings 99 5.1.2 Unit Weights above and below the Water Table 100 5.1.3 Testing 103 5.2 Soil Loading 103 5.2.1 Soil Mechanics 103 5.2.2 Active Soil Pressure and Coefficient 104 5.2.3 Soil Pressure Theories 105 5.2.4 Soil Pressure Examples Using Rankine Theory 107 5.2.5 Soil Pressures Using State and Federal Department Standards 113 Chapter 6 Soldier Beam, Lagging, and Tiebacks 126 6.1 System Description and Units of Measure 126 6.1.1 Beams/Piles 126 6.1.2 Lagging 127 6.1.3 Tiebacks 127 6.2 Materials 127 6.2.1 Steel AISC 127 6.2.2 Wood Species—National Design Specifications (NDS) for Wood Construction 128 6.2.3 Lagging 130 6.2.4 Soldier Beam Design 134 6.2.5 Tiebacks and Soil Nails 143 Chapter 7 Sheet Piling and Strutting 152 7.1 Sheet Piling Basics 152 7.1.1 Materials 152 7.1.2 System Description and Unit of Measure 152 7.1.3 Driving Equipment 155 Chapter 8 Pressure and Forces on Formwork and Falsework 177 8.1 Properties of Materials 177 8.1.1 Unit Weights 177 8.1.2 Forces from Concrete Placement 179 Chapter 9 Concrete Formwork Design 200 9.1 General Requirements 200 9.1.1 Concrete Specifications 200 9.1.2 Types and Costs of Forms in Construction 201 9.2 Formwork Design 202 9.2.1 Bending, Shear, and Deflection 202 9.2.2 Form Design Examples Using All-Wood Materials with Snap Ties or Coil Ties 213 9.2.3 Formwork Charts 221 9.2.4 Estimating Concrete Formwork 241 9.3 Conclusion 250 Chapter 10 Falsework Design 251 10.1 Falsework Risks 251 10.1.1 Falsework Accidents 252 10.1.2 Falsework Review Process 255 10.1.3 Falsework Design Criteria 257 10.1.4 Load Paths for Falsework Design 258 10.1.5 Falsework Design Using Formwork Charts 264 10.1.6 Bridge Project 284 Chapter 11 Bracing and Guying 289 11.1 Rebar Bracing and Guying 290 11.2 Form Bracing with Steel Pipe and Concrete Deadmen 291 11.2.1 Life Application of Friction Forces 300 11.3 Rebar Guying on Highway Projects 301 11.4 Alternate Anchor Method 311 Chapter 12 Trestles and Equipment Bridges 322 12.1 Basic Composition of a Standard Trestle 322 12.1.1 Foundation—Pipe, H Pile, and Wide-Flange and Composite Piles 323 12.1.2 Cap Beams—Wide-Flange Beams with Stiffeners 323 12.1.3 Stringers/Girders—Wide-Flange Beams Braced Together 325 12.1.4 Lateral Bracing 325 12.1.5 Decking—Timber or Precast Concrete Panels 328 12.1.6 Environmental Concerns 330 12.1.7 Stringer Design 347 12.1.8 Star Pile Design and Properties 362 12.2 Other Projects Utilizing Methods of Access 363 12.3 Conclusion 365 Chapter 13 Support of Existing Structures 366 13.1 Basic Building Materials 367 13.1.1 Example 13.1 Pipe Unit Weight 368 13.1.2 Example 13.2 Existing Water Treatment Plant 369 13.1.3 Example 13.3 Temporary Pipe Supports 376 Appendixes 391 Appendix 1: Steel Beams (AISC) 393 Appendix 2: Steel Pipe 413 Appendix 3: H Pile (AISC) 415 Appendix 4: Allowable Buckling Stress 417 Appendix 5: Sheet Pile (Skyline) 419 Appendix 6: Wood Properties 423 Appendix 7: Formwork Charts (Williams) 426 Appendix 8: Form Hardware Values (Williams) 434 Appendix 9: Aluminum Beams (Aluma) 444 Index 447 EULA 1

A comprehensive guide to temporary structures in construction projects

Temporary Structure Design is the first book of its kind, presenting students and professionals with authoritative coverage of the major concepts in designing temporary construction structures. Beginning with a review of statistics, it presents the core topics needed to fully comprehend the design of temporary structures: strength of materials; types of loads on temporary structures; scaffolding design; soil properties and soil loading; soldier beam, lagging, and tiebacks; sheet piling and strutting; pressure and forces on formwork and falsework; concrete formwork design; falsework; bracing and guying; trestles and equipment bridges; and the support of existing structures.

Temporary structures during construction include scaffolding, formwork, shoring, ramps, platforms, earth-retaining structures, and other construction structures that are not part of the permanent installation. These structures are less regulated and monitored than most other parts of the construction process, even though they are often supporting tons of steel or concrete—and the safety of all workers on the site depends on these structures to perform as designed. Unfortunately, most tragic failures occur during construction and are usually the result of improperly designed, constructed, and/or maintained temporary structures. Temporary Structure Design fills an important need in the literature by providing a trusted, comprehensive guide to designing temporary construction structures.

• Serves as the first book to provide a design-oriented approach to the design of temporary structures
• Includes coverage of the various safety considerations inherent in temporary structure design and construction
• Provides information on estimating cost and schedules for these specialized structures
• Covers formwork and falsework, as well as personnel protection, production support, environmental protection, and foundational structures

If you're a student or a professional working in the field of construction or structural engineering, Temporary Structure Design is a must-have resource you'll turn to again and again.

A comprehensive guide to temporary structures in construction projects

Temporary Structure Design is the first book of its kind, presenting students and professionals with authoritative coverage of the major concepts in designing temporary construction structures. Beginning with a review of statistics, it presents the core topics needed to fully comprehend the design of temporary structures: strength of materials; types of loads on temporary structures; scaffolding design; soil properties and soil loading; soldier beam, lagging, and tiebacks; sheet piling and strutting; pressure and forces on formwork and falsework; concrete formwork design; falsework; bracing and guying; trestles and equipment bridges; and the support of existing structures.

Temporary structures during construction include scaffolding, formwork, shoring, ramps, platforms, earth-retaining structures, and other construction structures that are not part of the permanent installation. These structures are less regulated and monitored than most other parts of the construction process, even though they are often supporting tons of steel or concrete—and the safety of all workers on the site depends on these structures to perform as designed. Unfortunately, most tragic failures occur during construction and are usually the result of improperly designed, constructed, and/or maintained temporary structures. Temporary Structure Design fills an important need in the literature by providing a trusted, comprehensive guide to designing temporary construction structures.

• Serves as the first book to provide a design-oriented approach to the design of temporary structures
• Includes coverage of the various safety considerations inherent in temporary structure design and construction
• Provides information on estimating cost and schedules for these specialized structures
• Covers formwork and falsework, as well as personnel protection, production support, environmental protection, and foundational structures

If you're a student or a professional working in the field of construction or structural engineering, Temporary Structure Design is a must-have resource you'll turn to again and again. « This book provides authoritative coverage of the major concepts in designing temporary construction structures. Beginning with a review of statistics, it presents the core topics needed to fully comprehend the design of temporary structures: strength of materials; types of loads on temporary structures; scaffolding design; soil properties and soil loading; soldier beam, lagging, and tiebacks; sheet piling and strutting; pressure and forces on formwork and falsework; concrete formwork design; falsework; bracing and guying; trestles and equipment bridges; and the support of existing structures. It includes coverage of the various safety considerations inherent in temporary structure design and construction; provides information on estimating cost and schedules for these specialized structures; covers formwork and falsework, as well as personnel protection, production support, environmental protection, and foundational structures. »-- Résumé abrégé tiré de l'ouvrage This book provides authoritative coverage of the major concepts in designing temporary construction structures. Beginning with a review of statistics, it presents the core topics needed to fully comprehend the design of temporary structures: strength of materials; types of loads on temporary structures; scaffolding design; soil properties and soil loading; soldier beam, lagging, and tiebacks; sheet piling and strutting; pressure and forces on formwork and falsework; concrete formwork design; falsework; bracing and guying; trestles and equipment bridges; and the support of existing structures. It includes coverage of the various safety considerations inherent in temporary structure design and construction; provides information on estimating cost and schedules for these specialized structures; covers formwork and falsework, as well as personnel protection, production support, environmental protection, and foundational structures. -- Edited summary from book