Templar Families: Landowning Families and the Order of the Temple in France, C. 1120-1307

Founded In C. 1120, In The Aftermath Of The First Crusade In Jerusalem, The Order Of The Temple Was A Christian Brotherhood Dedicated To The Military Protection Of Pilgrims And The Holy Land, Attracting Followers And Supporters Throughout Christian Europe. This Detailed Study Explores The Close Relationship Between The Order Of The Temple And The Landowning Families It Relied Upon For Support. Focussing On The Regions Of Burgundy, Champagne And Languedoc, Jochen Schenk Investigates The Religious Expectations That Guided Noble And Knightly Families To Found And Support Templar Communities In The European Provinces, And Examines The Social Dynamics And Mechanisms That Tied These Families To Each Other. The Book Illustrates The Close Connection Between The Presence Of Cistercians And The Incidence Of Crusading Within Templar Family Networks, And Offers New Insights Into How Collective Identities And Memory Were Shaped Through Ritual And Tradition Among Medieval French-speaking Social Elites-- Introduction -- Templar Families -- The Religious Context Of Templar Support -- Templars And Families -- Family Networks -- Crusading And Its Legacy In Templar Families -- Conclusion. Jochen Schenk. Includes Bibliographical References (p. 266-291) And Index. Cover 1 TEMPLAR FAMILIES 3 SERIES 4 Title 5 Copyright 6 CONTENTS 7 MAPS 10 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 11 ABBREVIATIONS 13 INTRODUCTION 19 HISTORIOGRAPHY 20 METHODOLOGY 32 THE SOURCES 37 STRUCTURE 41 Chapter 1: TEMPLAR FAMILIES 49 ENDOWMENTS AND TRANSACTIONS 50 Donations 50 Business transactions 55 LAY ASSOCIATION WITH THE TEMPLE 63 Confraternity 64 The donat 76 Milites ad terminum 88 Chapter 2: THE RELIGIOUS CONTEXT OF TEMPLAR SUPPORT 93 TEMPLAR SUPPORT AMONG THE SECULAR CLERGY 97 Bishops and church officials from Templar families 101 TEMPLAR FAMILIES AND CÎTEAUX 103 The Cistercian legacy in the Temple 104 Templar families and the Cistercians in Burgundy and Champagne 113 Templar families and the Cistercians in Languedoc 122 TEMPLAR FAMILIES AND THE CHURCH: INVOLVEMENT BEYOND CÎTEAUX 132 THE RELIGIOUS ASSOCIATIONS OF TEMPLAR FAMILIES: VARIETY AND PREFERENCE 133 Chapter 3: TEMPLARS AND FAMILIES 144 THE INTENSITY OF FAMILY INVOLVEMENT 147 The impact of heresy and the Albigensian crusades 150 Evidence for early long-term involvement in Burgundy and Champagne 157 A Templar family: the lords of Grancey 159 THE SOCIAL SIGNIFICANCE OF TRANSACTIONS 164 The laudatio 165 Transactions as ‘social glue’ 167 The Templars as lords and neighbours 175 FRIENDSHIP AND FEUDAL NETWORKS 178 The influence of the Trencavels 180 A lordship and friendship network in Burgundy 182 A lordship and friendship network in Comminges 184 Templars in the network 189 Chapter 4: FAMILY NETWORKS 192 THE ROLE OF WOMEN 195 NETWORKS IN EXISTENCE 201 The network of Comminges 202 Burgundian–Champenois networks 206 Chapter 5: CRUSADING AND ITS LEGACY IN TEMPLAR FAMILIES 221 COMMUNICATING THE IDEAL: POPULAR PERCEPTION OF THE TEMPLE AS A CRUSADING INSTITUTION 224 The influence of Bernard of Clairvaux 225 Papal and episcopal promotion 227 Popular awareness of the military role of the Temple 229 THE CRUSADING CONTEXT OF TEMPLAR SUPPORT 233 Preparing for the Journey 233 Desire for the Holy Land 239 On crusade 241 RETURNING FROM CRUSADE 247 Spiritual awareness 247 Gratitude 249 Memory and obligations 250 THE CRUSADING LEGACY IN TEMPLAR FAMILIES 252 THE CORRELATION BETWEEN CRUSADING AND TEMPLAR SUPPORT 256 The crusading legacy: six examples 257 TEMPLAR AND CRUSADER NETWORKS 263 CONCLUSION 268 BIBLIOGRAPHY 284 ARCHIVAL SOURCES 284 PRINTED SOURCES 284 SECONDARY LITERATURE 291 Appendix: GENEALOGIES 310 (a) Burgundy and Champagne 311 Baudement and Dreux 312 Broyes–Châteauvillain–Rethel 313 Chacenay, Arcis(-sur-Aube), Bar(-sur-Seine) 314 Grancey 315 Mello 316 Mont-Saint-Jean and Charny 317 Noyers, Pierre-Perthuis, Bar(-sur-Seine) 318 Tilchâtel 319 (b) Languedoc 311 Aspet 320 Aure 321 Comminges 322 Martres and Tersac 323 INDEX 324 Cross-referencing convention 324 Notes on the order of entries 324 Abbreviations 324 "Founded in the aftermath of the First Crusade in Jerusalem, the Order of the Temple was a Christian brotherhood dedicated to the military protection of pilgrims and the Holy Land, attracting followers and supporters throughout Christian Europe. This detailed study explores the close relationship between the Order of the Temple and the landowning families it relied upon for support. Focussing on the regions of Burgundy, Champagne and Languedoc, Jochen Schenk investigates the religious expectations that guided noble and knightly families to found and support Templar communities in the European provinces, and examines the social dynamics and mechanisms that tied these families to each other. The book illustrates the close connection between the presence of Cistercians and the incidence of crusading within Templar family networks, and offers new insights into how collective identities and memory were shaped through ritual and tradition among medieval French-speaking social elites"-- Provided by publisher Machine generated contents note: Introduction; 1. Templar families; 2. The religious context of Templar support; 3. Templars and families; 4. Family networks; 5. Crusading and its legacy in Templar families; Conclusion. This study explores the relationship between the Order of the Temple and the network of landowning families that supported it