Telematics and Computing : 12th International Congress, WITCOM 2023, Puerto Vallarta, Mexico, November 13–17, 2023, Proceedings

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 12th International Congress on Telematics and Computing, WITCOM 2023, held in Puerto Vallarta, Mexico, in November 2023. The 35 full papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 88 submissions. The papers are focused on the topics of artificial intelligence techniques, data science, blockchain, environment monitoring, cybersecurity, education, and software for communications protocols. Preface Organization Contents A Decision Tree as an Explainable Artificial Intelligence Technique for Identifying Agricultural Production Predictor Variables in Mexico 1 Introduction 2 Background 2.1 Agricultural Considerations 2.2 Machine Learning 3 Development and Results 3.1 Data Acquisition 3.2 Decision Tree Implementation 4 Discussion and Conclusions 5 Future Work References APOS is Not Enough: Towards a More Appropriate Way to Estimate Computational Complexity in CIC Decimation Architectures 1 Introduction 2 The CIC System 3 Introducing the Atomic Additions Per Output Sample (AAPOS) Metric 4 Examples and Discussion 5 Concluding Remarks References Shape-Based Object Detection for Industrial Process Improvement 1 Introduction 2 Methods 2.1 Implementation 3 Results 4 Conclusion 4.1 Limitations and Challenges 4.2 Future Works References Power- and Speed-Efficient Compressed Sensing Encoder via Multiplexed Stabilizer 1 Introduction 2 Proposed Scheme 3 Discussion of Results 4 Conclusion References Classical Artificial Neural Networks and Seismology, Basic Steps for Training Process 1 Introduction 2 Seismic Signals 3 Frequency Analysis 4 Artificial Neural Networks 4.1 Convolutional Neural Networks 5 Application of the Proposed Neural Networks to Seismic and Non-seismic Spectrograms 5.1 AlexNet Assessment 5.2 ResNet Assessment 5.3 VGG Assessment 6 Concluding Remarks References Fractals and Wavelet Fisher's Information 1 Introduction 2 Fractals and Fisher's Information 3 Wavelet Fisher's Information Definitions 4 Discussion and Applications 5 Conclusions References Firewall System for the Internet of Things 1 Introduction 2 Method 2.1 Proposed Architecture 2.2 Attack 2.3 Test Platform 2.4 Software Tools 3 Experiments 3.1 Experiment 1 3.2 Experiment 2 3.3 Experiment 3 3.4 Experiment 4 3.5 Experiment 5 4 Results and Discussion 5 Conclusions References Multimedia Technology and Smart Cities; an Inevitable Combination of Urban Progress 1 Introduction 1.1 Smart Cities 1.2 Importance of Smart Cities 1.3 Characteristics of Smart Cities 1.4 Smart Cities in the World 1.5 Multimedia Technology 1.6 Characteristics of Multimedia Technology 1.7 Multimedia Technology in the Development of Smart Cities 1.8 Multimedia Solutions in Smart Cities 2 Method 3 Results 4 Conclusion References Air Quality Measurement System Using Open Hardware and IoT 1 Introduction 1.1 Related Work 2 System Design 2.1 Architecture 2.2 Air Quality Station 2.3 Air Quality Index Computation 2.4 Hub 2.5 IoT Server 2.6 IoT Applications 3 Experiments 3.1 Experiment A. Initial Test 3.2 Experiment B. Critical Operation 3.3 Experiment C Normal Conditions 4 Results and Discussion 5 Conclusions References Reduction of Energy Consumption in a WSN by Means of Quantum Entanglement 1 Introduction 2 Description of the Network 3 Simulation and Results 4 Nodes Equipped by Quantum Entanglement 5 Conclusions References A Novel Method Based on Gunnar Farneback Method, Mathematical Morphology, and Artificial Vision for Flow Analysis in Electrochemical Reactors 1 Introduction 2 Proposed Method 2.1 Experimental Instrumental Setup 2.2 The Reactor 2.3 The Proposed Method 3 Results 4 Conclusion References Search Space Reduction in Road Networks for the Ambulance Location and Allocation Optimization Problems: A Real Case Study 1 Introduction 2 Theoretical Background 2.1 Location Problems 2.2 Ambulance Location Problem 2.3 NP-Hard Problems 2.4 Greedy Algorithms 2.5 State of the Art 3 Mathematical Model 3.1 Dynamic Version of the Proposed Model 4 Methodology 4.1 Data Acquisition 4.2 Blocking of Edges and Vertex 4.3 Filtering of Edges According to Specific Requirements 4.4 Graph Simplification and Cleaning Data 4.5 Redundancy Elimination 4.6 Proximity Clustering 4.7 Selection of the Possible Locations for Temporal Bases (PLTB) of Ambulances 5 Results 6 Conclusions 7 Future Work References Development of a Web-Based Calculator to Simulate Link Budget for Mobile Communications Systems at Urban Settlements 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Mobile Communication Systems 2.2 Propagation Models 2.3 Radio Communication Link Budget 2.4 React Framework 2.5 Tailwind CSS Library 3 Development 3.1 Cost231 Walfisch Ikegami Model 3.2 Link Budget Software Calculator 4 Results and Discussion 4.1 Web Application 4.2 Study Case 5 Conclusions 6 Future Work References Scientific Information Management System for Multidisciplinary Teams 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 2.1 Gathering of Requirements 2.2 Design Process 2.3 Prototyping and Design Documentation 2.4 Implementation 3 Results 3.1 Gathering of Requirements 3.2 Design 3.3 System Definition 3.4 Prototyping and Design Documentation 3.5 Implementation 4 Conclusion References Air Quality Prediction in Smart Cities Using Wireless Sensor Network and Associative Models 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Materials and Methods 3.1 Associative Models 3.2 Gamma Classifier 4 Our Proposal 4.1 Hardware 4.2 Improvements to Gamma Classifier 4.3 Time Series Encoding 5 Experimental Phase 5.1 Performance Evaluation Methods 6 Results and Discussion 7 Conclusion References User Interface of Digital Platforms Used TDHA Patients: Case Study in Educational Environment 1 Introduction 2 State of the Matter 2.1 Education and Cognition 2.2 Cognitive Sciences 2.3 ADHD in Adolescence 2.4 Accessibility, UI/UX, Usability, and User-Centered Design 2.5 Didactic Interactions and Cognitive Relationships 3 Methodology 3.1 Research Design 3.2 Consent to Participate in the Study 3.3 Data Analysis Plan 4 Results 4.1 Interface Design Test Results vs. Educational Software Product Results 4.2 Analysis of Quantitative Research Results 5 Conclusions 5.1 Future Work References Recognition of Pollen-Carrying Bees Using Convolutional Neural Networks and Digital Image Processing Techniques 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Mathematical Morphology 2.2 Machine Learning 3 Development and Results 3.1 Data Acquisition 4 Discussion and Conclusions 5 Future Work References Enhancing Air Quality Monitoring in Mexico City: A Hybrid Sensor-Machine Learning System 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Material and Methods 4 Design Network Air Quality 4.1 Design Sensor Network Hardware 4.2 Analysis of Air Quality Data 5 Experiments and Results 6 Conclusions and Future Work References Multi-labeling of Malware Samples Using Behavior Reports and Fuzzy Hashing 1 Introduction 2 Malware Taxonomies 2.1 CARO-Like 2.2 AVOIDIT 2.3 A Behavior-Centric Malware Taxonomy 2.4 Proposed Taxonomy 2.5 Comparison Between Malware Classification 3 Related Work 4 Multi-labeling of Malware Samples 4.1 Sample Processing Phase 4.2 Report Labeling Phase 4.3 Similarity Labeling Phase 5 Discussion and Future Work 6 Conclusion References Computational Simulation Applied to 3.5 GHz Band Microstrip Yagi Array Antenna Design for 5G Technology Mobile Wireless Device 1 Introduction 2 Antenna Design 3 Simulation and Implementation 3.1 S11 Parameter 3.2 Radiation Pattern References 3D Point Cloud Outliers and Noise Reduction Using Neural Networks 1 Introduction 2 General Information 2.1 Devices for Depth Processing 2.2 Devices and Point Cloud Preprocessing 2.3 Point Clouds, Sensors, Scenes and Objects 2.4 PointCleanNet 3 Materials and Methods 3.1 PointCloud Dataset 3.2 Proposed Neural Network Architecture 3.3 Neural Network Training 4 Results 4.1 Model Evaluation 4.2 Cualitative Results 4.3 Quantitative Results 5 Discussion 6 Conclusions References Development and Coding of a Data Framing Protocol for IoT/LPWAN Networks Based on 8-Bit Processing Architectures 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Low Power Wide Area Networks and Internet of Things Applications 2.2 Low Power Communications Protocols 2.3 Eigth Bit Architectures and Serial Communication Protocols 2.4 Data Security and Integrity 3 Development 3.1 Base Communication System 3.2 Data Frame Structure and Data Convention 3.3 Design of CRC for the Proposed Protocol 3.4 Design of Cypher Technique for the Proposed Protocol 4 Results and Discussion 4.1 Acquisition Nodes 4.2 Protocol Simulation 5 Conclusions 6 Future Work References Performance Analysis of Variable Packet Transmission Policies in Wireless Sensor Networks 1 Introduction 2 System Model 2.1 Setting up the Model 2.2 Implementing Our Design 3 Simulating a WSN with a Fixed Tau Value 4 WSN with Variable Transmission Probability 5 Conclusions References About a Sentiment Analysis Technique on Twitter and Its Application to Regional Tourism in Quintana Roo 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 2.1 Bi-GRU Architecture 3 Proposed Model Structure 3.1 Temporal Convolutional Neural Network 3.2 Gated Recurrent Unit 4 Experiment Results 5 Conclusions References Comparative Study of Pattern Recognition Techniques in the Classification of Vertebral Column Diseases 1 Introduction 2 Pattern Recognition Techniques 2.1 K-Nearest Neighbors (kNN) 2.2 Naïve Bayes (NB) 2.3 Support Vector Machine (SVM) 2.4 Artificial Neural Network (ANN) 2.5 Decision Tree (DT) 3 Dataset Description 4 Classification Results 4.1 kNN Results 4.2 NB Results 4.3 SVM Results 4.4 ANN Results 4.5 DT Results 5 Discussion 6 Conclusions References Security Verification of Instant Messaging Cryptographic Protocols 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Instant Messaging Cryptographic Protocols 3.1 Signal, WhatsApp Protocol 3.2 MTProto 2.0 Protocol 4 Automatic Verification Tools 4.1 Scyther 4.2 AVISPA 5 Security Verification on Cryptographic Protocols 5.1 Experimentation 5.2 Methodology 5.3 Scyther 5.4 AVISPA 6 Results 6.1 Security Verification of Signal and MTProto 2.0 with Scyther Tool 6.2 Security Verification of Signal and MTProto 2.0 with AVISPA Tool 7 Discussion 8 Conclusion References Elaboration of an Information System to Improve Operational Discipline in PEMEX with LAGS Methodology 1 Introduction 1.1 SSPA System 1.2 International Best Practices 1.3 Element 6, High Standards of Performance/operational Discipline 1.4 LAGS Methodology 2 Methodology Application to the Study Case 3 Discussion and Results 4 Conclusions References ICIS: A Model for Context-Based Classification of Sensitive Personal Information 1 Introduction 2 Related works 3 Solution 3.1 ICIS model 3.2 Contextual Analysis 3.3 Personal Data Type Taxonomy 3.4 Sensitive Personal Information Classification 3.5 Sensitive Information Classification Rules 4 ICIS results 4.1 Implementation Tools 4.2 Classification Dataset 4.3 Data Classifications Results 4.4 Sensitive Personal Information Classification SPIC result 5 Conclusions 5.1 Future Work References Transformational Leadership in Universities During the Pandemic by SARS-CoV-2 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 2.1 Transformational Leadership 3 Methodology 4 Leadership styles 4.1 Spiritual Leadership 4.2 Transformational Leadership 4.3 Authentic Leadership 4.4 Servant Leadership 4.5 Ethical Leadership 4.6 Positive Leadership 5 Comparison of Leadership Styles 5.1 Results 6 Conclusions References Detection of Mental Health Symptoms in the Written Language of Undergraduate Students Using a Microblogging Platform 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Software Development 2.2 Platform Description 2.3 Platform Architecture 2.4 Platform Functionalities 3 Development and Results 4 Discussion and Conclusions 5 Future Work References Neural Network-Based Load Identification for Residential Electrical Installations. A Review and an Online Experimental Application 1 Introduction 2 Statement Problem and Model 2.1 Neuronal Networks 3 Data Collection and Preprocessing 3.1 Data Analysis 4 Neural Network Training 5 Performance Evaluation 6 Conclusions References Interactions in the Digital Learning Ecosystem in Teacher Learning Outcomes 1 Introduction 2 State of Art 2.1 Collaborative Learning of the Teacher in the App-Mediated Learning Ecosystem (Augmented Reality): Key in the Online Educational Ecosystem 2.2 Intersubjectivity and Mediation 2.3 Computational Thinking (CT) from a Socio-constructivist Perspective 2.4 Computational Thinking and Augmented Reality 2.5 The Role of the Teacher in Learning Analytics 3 Methodology 3.1 Research Design 3.2 Design Experiment (Cases) 3.3 Case 1: Assessment of Digital Competence, Mockup 3.4 Case 2: Design, Implementation, and Validation of App Application (Augmented Reality). Expert Evaluation 3.5 Case 3: pedagogical usability 3.6 Consent to Participate in the Study 3.7 Data Analysis Plan 4 Results 4.1 Evaluation of Design Experiments 4.2 Conceptual Design of a Digital Learning Ecosystem 5 Conclusions 5.1 Discussion Bibliography CRAG: A Guideline to Perform a Cybersecurity Risk Audits 1 Introduction 2 Method 2.1 SADT model 2.2 Cybersecurity Risk Audit 3 CRAG Guideline 3.1 SADT Model Applied to Create CARG Guideline 3.2 Definition of CRAG Guideline Activities 4 CRAG Applications, Comparison and Use 4.1 CRAG Application 4.2 CRAG Comparison 4.3 CRAG Use 5 Conclusions and Limitations 5.1 Limitations of This Research Work 5.2 Research Findings, Knowledge Gaps 5.3 Future Research Directions References Adversarial Attack Versus a Bio-Inspired Defensive Method for Image Classification 1 Introduction 2 Monogenic Signal and Adversarial Attacks 2.1 Monogenic Signal 2.2 Adversarial Attacks and Defensive Methods 3 Monogenic Front Layer for Deep Neural Networks 3.1 Structure of the Model 4 Methods and Materials 4.1 Hardware and Software 4.2 Data Set 4.3 Image Quality Metrics 5 Experimental Setup 5.1 Monogenic Signal 5.2 Data Set 5.3 Adversarial Attack 5.4 Deep Neural Network for Image Classification 6 Results and Analysis 7 Discussion References Technological Tools for Inventory Control in Fac Stores 1 Introduction 2 Referential Framework 2.1 Background 2.2 Conceptual Framework 2.3 Theorical Framework 2.4 Historical Framework 3 Methodology 3.1 Research Method 3.2 Type of Research Approach 3.3 Information Sources 3.4 Techniques for Collecting Information 3.5 Data Analysis and Processing Plan 4 Results 4.1 Graphic Functionality of the Application 5 Discussion 6 Conclusions Appendix I References Author Index