Symposium on Mycotoxins in Human Health : The Proceedings of a Symposium Held in Pretoria From 2nd to 4th September 1970 Under the Auspices of the South African Medical Research Council with the Collaboration of the South African Council for Scientific an

## INTRODUCTIONS TO PAPERS showing relatively high incidence of liver and stomach cancer were selected for this project, including one rural city in central Japan (Honshu district) and three towns or villages in southern Japan (Kyushu district). Nutritional and epidemiological investigations were also performed in addition to the collection of the foodstuffs in these areas. From samples of a wide variety of stored foods such as polished rice, wheat grains, wheat flour and the other flour-type products, cycad starch, legumes, miso (soybean paste), shoyu (soy sauce), moromi (mash), tsukemono (Japanese pickles), niboshi (dried small sardines), katsuobushi (dried bonito), edible seaweeds, noodle and the miscellaneous materials, a total of 2,940 strains of fungi have been isolated as food contaminants. The mycoflora of these foods mostly comprised two common mould genera, Aspergillus and Penicillium, which are generally called the storage fungi. From previous knowledge, the following 20 or more species of the isolates were at least suspected of having the potential of mycotoxin production: Aspergillus clavatus, A. j/avus, A. Front Matter....Pages i-xxxiv Effects of Aflatoxins on in Vivo Nucleic Acid Metabolism in Rats....Pages 1-10 The Metabolism and Some Metabolic Effects of Sterigmatocystin....Pages 11-18 The Effect of Aflatoxins on Pancreatic Deoxyribonuclease....Pages 19-29 The Effect of Aflatoxin B1, Aflatoxin B2 and Sterigmatocystin on Nuclear Deoxyribonucleases from Rat and Mouse Livers....Pages 31-46 Aflatoxin Metabolism....Pages 47-51 Biochemical Studies on Ochratoxin A....Pages 53-64 Porphyrin Metabolism in Primary Hepatoma....Pages 65-69 Surveys for Alpha-Feto-Protein Among Bantu Goldminers....Pages 71-73 Mycologic and Mycotoxic Examination of Cycads....Pages 75-99 Field Survey Of Mycotoxin-Producing Fungi Contaminating Human Foodstuffs in Japan, With Epidemiological Background....Pages 101-106 Isolation of Aspergillus Ochraceus Producing Ochratoxins from Japanese Rice....Pages 107-114 Production of Citreoviridin, a Neurotoxic Mycotoxin of Penicillium Citreo-Viride Biourge....Pages 115-132 Storage Surveys and How They May be Used Both to Detect and Estimate Fungal Contamination in The Diet....Pages 133-140 The Toxicology of Aflatoxin....Pages 141-151 Hepatic and Renal Pathology Induced in Mice by Feeding Fungal Cultures....Pages 153-161 Toxicological and Biological Properties of Fusarenon-X, A Cytotoxic Mycotoxin of Fusarium Nivale Fn-2B....Pages 163-178 Field Survey of Mycotoxin-Producing Fungi Contaminating Human Foodstuffs in Japan, with Epidemiological Background....Pages 179-183 Experimental Evidence that Lupinosis of Sheep Is A Mycotoxicosis Caused by the Fungus Phomopsis Leptostromiformis (Kühn) Bubák....Pages 185-193 Aflatoxin Carcinogenesis in Rats: Dietary Effects....Pages 195-208 The Acute and Chronic Toxicity of Sterigmatocystin....Pages 209-213 The Effects of Aflatoxin B1 and Sterigmatocystin on Two Different Types of Cell Cultures....Pages 215-222 Recently Discovered Metabolites with Unusual Toxic Manifestations....Pages 223-229 Epidemiological Interactions....Pages 231-244 Dietary Aflatoxin Loads and the Incidence of Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Thailand....Pages 245-262 Preliminary Results from Food Analyses in the Inhambane Area....Pages 263-269 Aflatoxin Ingestion and Excretion by Humans....Pages 271-280 The Incidence of Fungi in Foodstuffs and Their Significance, Based on A Survey in the Eastern Transvaal and Swaziland....Pages 281-290 Biological Screening as A Laboratory Aid in Determining Cancer Aetiology....Pages 291-297 Back Matter....Pages 299-306