Symbolic and Quantitative Approaches to Reasoning and Uncertainty: European Conference, ECSQARU'99, London, UK, July 5-9, 1999, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 1638)

Uncertaintyisanincreasinglyimportantresearchtopicinmanyareasofc- puterscience. Manyformalismsarebeingdeveloped, withmuchinterestatthe theoryleveldirectedatdevelopingabetterunderstandingoftheformalismsand identifyingrelationshipsbetweenformalisms, andatthetechnologyleveldirected atdevelopingsoftwaretoolsforformalismsandapplicationsofformalisms. ThemainEuropeanforumforthesubjectistheEuropeanConferenceon SymbolicandQuantitativeApproachestoReasoningandUncertainty(EC- SQARU). FollowingthesuccessofthepreviousECSQARUconferences, heldin Marseilles(1991), Granada(1993), Fribourg(1995), andBonn(1997), the?fth conferenceintheserieswasheldatUniversityCollegeLondoninJuly1999. ThisvolumecontainspapersacceptedforpresentationatECSQARU'99. In additiontothemainconference, twoworkshopswereheld. The?rstwason DecisionTheoreticandGameTheoreticAgents, chairedbySimonParsonsand MikeWooldridge, andthesecondwasonLogicalandUncertaintyModelsfor InformationSystems, chairedbyFabioCrestaniandMouniaLalmas. Selected papersfromtheworkshopsarealsoincludedintheseproceedings. Weareindebitedtotheprogrammmecommitteefortheire?ortinorganising theprogramme, totheinvitedspeakers, andtothepresentersofthetutorials. Furthermore, wegratefullyacknowledgethecontributionofthemanyreferees whowereinvolvedinthereviewingprocess. Finallywewouldliketothankthe DepartmentofComputerScienceatUniversityCollegeLondonforadminist- tivesupport. ProgrammeCommittee TheprogrammecommitteewaschairedbyAnthonyHunter(UniversityCollege London), andcomprisedDovGabbay(King'sCollegeLondon), FinnJensen (AalborgUniversity), RudolfKruse(UniversityofMagdeburg), SimonParsons (QueenMary, UniversityofLondon)HenriPrade(IRIT, Toulouse), Torsten Schaub(UniversityofPotsdam), andPhilippeSmets(ULB, Bruxelles). Reviewers Theprogrammecommitteeisverygratefulforallthehardworkcontributed bythereviewers. Hopefully, wehavenotmissedanyonefromthefollowing list: BruceD'Ambrosio, FlorenceBannay, SalemBenferhat, PhilippeBesnard, HuguesBersini, ChristianBorgelt, RachelBourne, StefanBrass, LaurenceCholvy, RogerCooke, AdnanDarwiche, YannisDimopoulos, JurgenDix, DidierDubois, UweEgly, LindavanderGaag, JoergGebhardt, SiegfriedGottwald, RolfHaenni, Jean-YvesJa?ray, RadimJirousek, RuthKempson, U?eKjaerulf, FrankK- wonn, AljoschaKlose, JuergKohlas, PaulKrause, GerhardLakemeyer, Mounia Lalmas, JeromeLang, KimG. Larsen, NorbertLehmann, T. Y. Lin, Thomas Linke, KhalidMellouli, JeromeMengin, J. -J. Ch. Meyer, SanjayModgil, Yves Moinard, Sera?nMoral, DetlefNauck, AnnNicholson, PascalNicolas, Dennis VI Preface Nilsson, KristianG. Olesen, RainerPalm, ZdzislawPawlak, VincentRisch, Regis Sabbadin, CamillaSchwind, PrakashP. Shenoy, MilanStudeny, HeikoTimm, HansTompits, MarcoValtorta, andCeesWitteven. April1999 AnthonyHunterandSimonParsons TableofContents Onthedynamicsofdefaultreasoning GrigorisAntoniou. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Non-monotonicandparaconsistentreasoning: Frombasicentailmentsto plausiblerelations OferArieliandArnonAvron . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 AcomparisonofsystematicandlocalsearchalgorithmsforregularCNF formulas Ram ́onB ́ejarandFelipMany`a. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Query-answeringinprioritizeddefaultlogic FaridBenhammadi, PascalNicolasandTorstenSchaub. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Updatingdirectedbeliefnetworks BoutheinaBenYaghlaneandKhaledMellouli. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Symbolic and Quantitative Approaches to Reasoning and Uncertainty Preface Table of Contents On the Dynamics of Default Reasoning 1 Introduction 2 Basics of Default Logic 3 Dynamic Operators For Standard Default Theories 3.1 Revision - Adding a Formula to All Extensions 3.2 Revision - Adding a Formula to At Least One Extension 3.3 Contraction - Removing a Formula From All Extensions 3.4 Contraction - Removing a Formula From At Least One Extension 4 Dynamic Operators for Preconstrained Theories 4.1 Revision 4.2 Contraction 5 Conclusion References Nonmonotonic and Paraconsistent Reasoning: From Basic Entailments to Plausible Relations A Comparison of Systematic and Local Search Algorithms for Regular CNF Formulas* Query-answering in Prioritized Default Logic Updating Directed Belief Networks Inferring Causal Explanations A Critique of Inductive Causation Connecting Lexicographic with Maximum Entropy Entailment Avoiding Non-Ground Variables Anchoring Symbols to Vision Data by Fuzzy Logic Filtering vs Revision and Update: let us Debate! Irrelevance and Independence Axioms in Quasi-Bayesian Theory Assessing the value of a candidate A qualitative possibilistic approach Learning Default Theories Knowledge Representation for Inductive Learning Handling Inconsistency Efficiently in the Incremental Construction of Stratified Belief Bases Rough Knowledge Discovery and Applications Gradient Descent Training of Bayesian Networks Open Default Theories over Closed Domains Shopbot Economics Optimized Algorithm for Learning Bayesian Network from Data Merging with Integrity Constraints * Boolean-like Interpretation of Sugeno Integral An Alternative to Outward Propagation for Dempster-Shafer Belief Functions On bottom-up pre-processing techniques for automated default reasoning Probabilistic Logic Programming under Maximum Entropy Lazy Propagation and Independence of Causal Inuence A Monte Carlo Algorithm for Combining Dempster-Shafer Belief Based on Approximate Pre-computation* An Extension of a Linguistic Negation Model allowing us to Deny Nuanced Property Combinations Argumentation and qualitative decision making Handling Di erent Forms of Uncertainty in Regression Analysis: a Fuzzy Belief Structure Approach State Recognition in Discrete Dynamical Systems using Petri Nets and Evidence Theory Robot Navigation and Map Building with the Event Calculus Information Fusion in the Context of Stock Index Prediction Defeasible Goals Logical Deduction using the Local Computation Framework Author Index

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 1999 European Conference on Symbolic and Quantitative Approaches to Reasoning under Uncertainty, ECSQARU'99, held in London, UK, in July 1999.
The 35 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected for inclusion in the book by the program committee. The volume covers theoretical as well as application-oriented aspects of various formalisms for reasoning under uncertainty. Among the issues addressed are default reasoning, nonmonotonic reasoning, fuzzy logic, Bayesian theory, probabilistic reasoning, inductive learning, rough knowledge discovery, Dempster-Shafer theory, qualitative decision making, belief functions, and evidence theory.

These are the refereed proceedings of the 1999 European Conference on Symbolic and Quantitative Approaches to Reasoning Under Uncertainty. The 35 revised papers cover theoretical as well as application-oriented aspects of various formalisms for reasoning under uncertainty. Nonmonotonic reasoning [12,2] comprises qualitative techniques for reasoning with incomplete information.