Swaiman's Pediatric Neurology: Principles and Practice, 2-Volume Set, 5e (Swaiman, Pediatric Neurology)

Swaiman's Pediatric Neurology, by Drs. Kenneth Swaiman, Stephen Ashwal, Donna Ferriero, and Nina Schor, is a trusted resource in clinical pediatric neurology with comprehensive, authoritative, and clearly-written guidance. Extensively updated to reflect advancements in the field, this fifth edition covers new imaging modalities such as pediatric neuroimaging, spinal fluid examination, neurophysiology, as well as the treatment and management of epilepsy, ADHD, infections of the nervous system, and more. The fully searchable text is now available online at www.expertconsult.com, along with downloadable images and procedural videos demonstrating intraventricular hemorrhage and white matter injury, making this an indispensable multimedia resource in pediatric neurology. Gain a clear visual understanding from the numerous illustrations, informative line drawings, and summary tables. Tap into the expertise of leaders in the field from the authoritative and respected team of editors and contributors. Get comprehensive coverage of all aspects of pediatric neurology with a clinical focus useful for both the experienced clinician and the physician-in-training. Access the fully searchable text online at www.expertconsult.com, along with downloadable images, procedural videos demonstrating intraventricular hemorrhage and white matter injury, and links to PubMed. Stay current on recent developments through extensive revisions: a new chapter on paraneoplastic syndromes in children; a new section on congenital brain malformations written by leading international authorities; and another one on cutting-edge pediatric neuroscience concepts relating to plasticity, neurodegeneration of the developing brain, and neuroinflammation. Apply the latest information on diagnostic modalities, including pediatric neuroimaging, spinal fluid examination, and neurophysiology The indispensible Swaiman's Pediatric Neurology is your multimedia guide to practicing pediatric neurology. Cover......Page 1 4-u1.0-B978-1-4377-0435-8..00117-7..DOCPDF......Page 2 Front matter......Page 3 Dedication......Page 5 Copyright......Page 6 Preface to the First Edition......Page 7 Preface to the Fifth Edition......Page 8 Contributors......Page 10 Acknowledgments......Page 17 General Aspects of the Patient's Neurologic History......Page 18 Deep Tendon Reflexes......Page 32 Optic Nerve: Cranial Nerve II......Page 34 Oculomotor, Trochlear, and Abducens Nerves: Cranial Nerves III, IV, and VI......Page 35 Facial Nerve: Cranial Nerve VII......Page 37 Glossopharyngeal and Vagus Nerves: Cranial Nerves IX and X......Page 38 Sensory System......Page 39 Muscle Testing......Page 40 Gait evaluation......Page 49 Muscle Fiber Types......Page 50 Intussusception......Page 212 Mechanisms of Neurologic Injury with Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation......Page 459 Genetics......Page 1026 Application of Receiver Operating Characteristic Curves to Determining Thresholds......Page 52 Fragile X Syndrome......Page 509 X-Inactivation......Page 54 Testing......Page 1925 Developmental Reflexes......Page 55 Reflex Anoxic Seizures......Page 58 General Considerations......Page 59 Observation......Page 60 Developmental Reflexes......Page 62 Generalized Epilepsy with Febrile Seizures Plus (GEFS+)......Page 64 Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism Associated with Multiple Hypothalamic/Pituitary Hormone Deficiencies......Page 1397 Anatomy and Embryology......Page 66 Clinical Laboratory Tests......Page 1450 Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (kennedy disease)......Page 1737 Nocturnal Polysomnography......Page 769 Moyamoya disease and syndrome......Page 1655 Clinical Features......Page 151 Acquired Brain Injury......Page 2134 Mumps......Page 2119 Visual Sequelae......Page 1095 Laboratory tests......Page 381 Pathology......Page 77 Molecular Pathogenesis......Page 1819 Inheritance Patterns......Page 78 Benign Familial Infantile Seizures......Page 977 Clinical Characteristics, Clinical Laboratory Tests, and Diagnosis......Page 278 Dystrophin-Glycoprotein Complex......Page 1718 Sarcoglycans......Page 195 Experimental Therapeutics in Myotonic Dystrophy......Page 1920 Cockayne's Syndrome and Trichothiodystrophy......Page 1277 Progression of Neonatal Brain Injury......Page 84 Early Post-Traumatic Seizures......Page 1377 Sequelae of Inflicted Head Injury......Page 85 Neuroimaging......Page 1378 Sickle cell disease......Page 1283 Pathology......Page 742 Muscle biopsy......Page 1473 Water Intoxication, Hyponatremia, and Brain Edema......Page 1183 Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy......Page 86 Prenatal Assessment of Normal Development of the Corpus Callosum......Page 88 Reorganization of Neuronal Connections......Page 203 Treatment Decision Support......Page 89 Interoperability......Page 2169 Type iii spinal muscular atrophy......Page 1150 Management......Page 452 Gene-Diet Interactions in Neural Tube Defects: Role of Metabolism of Folic Acid and Other Nutrients......Page 92 Epidemiology......Page 558 Functional Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism......Page 503 Arteriopathies......Page 93 Increased Excitatory Neurotransmission......Page 379 Pulmonary involvement......Page 1827 Overlap syndromes......Page 1117 Dynamic Changes in Cerebral Metabolism......Page 1339 Phenytoin......Page 1069 Cerebral Blood Flow: Hyperemia? Hypoperfusion?......Page 745 Rubella......Page 413 Acute Renal Failure......Page 713 Computed Tomography......Page 95 Treatment......Page 1912 Disorders of Receptive and Expressive Language......Page 360 Intracranial Hypertension Related to Compromise of Autoregulation......Page 1439 Clinical Biochemistry......Page 1309 Hyperkalemic Periodic Paralysis......Page 97 Specific Agents......Page 1130 Eyelid abnormalities: ptosis......Page 98 Neurometabolic retinal dysfunction......Page 99 Pseudopapilledema......Page 100 Optic atrophy......Page 101 Cerebral Vision Impairment......Page 102 Transient Episodic Vision Loss in Children......Page 103 Astrocytoma......Page 106 Pathology......Page 1178 Orthopedic Surgery......Page 611 Impairment of Consciousness with Activated Mental State......Page 1068 Motor Unit......Page 108 Seizure Classification: International League Against Epilepsy......Page 1001 Classification of Hearing Losses......Page 110 Other Mendelian Focal Epilepsies......Page 621 Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (Chronic Arthropathies)......Page 772 Campylobacter jejuni......Page 1315 Delayed Recovery of Consciousness......Page 1641 Uremic Encephalopathy......Page 111 Blood-brain barrier disruption......Page 1409 Duration of Observation Periods......Page 112 Pathogenesis......Page 1727 Combination Vaccines and Additives......Page 534 Storage disorders......Page 1411 Hepatitis......Page 777 Initial Assessment, Imaging and Surgical Intervention......Page 1442 Etiology......Page 115 Lead......Page 726 Thromboembolic cardiogenic stroke......Page 2021 Clinical features......Page 1519 Treatment......Page 1870 Summary......Page 925 Diabetes Mellitus......Page 119 Cerebroretinal Microangiopathy with Calcifications and Cysts......Page 1290 Lightning and Electrical Injuries......Page 120 Positron Emission Tomography......Page 648 Clinical Manifestations......Page 1689 Volatile Solvents and Propellants......Page 1201 Neurologic Prognosis After Cardiac Arrest......Page 121 Mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation defects......Page 1140 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome......Page 568 Types of Hearing Tests......Page 122 Formal behavioral audiometry......Page 123 Acoustic Immittance and Middle Ear Reflexes......Page 124 Electrocochleography and Cochlear Potentials......Page 125 Brainstem Auditory-Evoked Responses/Auditory Brainstem Responses (BAER/ABR)......Page 126 Miscellaneous Blood, Urine, and Other Tests......Page 127 Psychologic Evaluation......Page 128 Brain, Language, and Intellectual Consequences of Auditory Deprivation......Page 129 Cochlear Implants......Page 130 Education......Page 131 Consequences of Hearing Loss for Overall Development......Page 133 Conflicts of Interest......Page 134 Introduction......Page 135 Resolution of Temporary Dysfunction......Page 2125 Delayed or Arrested Puberty......Page 136 Incidence......Page 393 Neural Systems for Reading......Page 704 Pathogenesis and Pathologies......Page 138 Clinical Features......Page 454 Developmental Abnormalities......Page 1249 Tourette's Syndrome/Tourette's Disorder......Page 865 Clinical Features......Page 1338 Autoimmune Myasthenia Gravis......Page 1797 Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction......Page 353 Recurrent Vertigo......Page 140 Dystonic Postures......Page 980 Clinical laboratory tests......Page 1829 Neuromuscular Transmission......Page 1721 Varicella......Page 2120 Syringomyelia......Page 141 Gamma Efferent System......Page 562 Complications......Page 488 Acute encephalopathy......Page 142 Clinical Features of Autonomic Dysfunction......Page 143 Clinical Disorders of Taste and Smell......Page 144 Fucosidosis......Page 148 Perspectives......Page 794 Demographics and Epidemiology of MS in Children......Page 559 Bell's palsy......Page 1826 Rabies Vaccine......Page 876 Autosomal-Dominant and Autosomal-Recessive Myotonia Congenita......Page 150 Antibodies......Page 275 Tonic Postures......Page 412 Renal Diseases Secondarily Affecting the Nervous System......Page 153 Differential Diagnosis......Page 990 Sudden Infant Death Syndrome......Page 1308 Hypothalamic Disorders of Appetite Regulation and Energy Balance......Page 1946 Acknowledgments......Page 156 Spinal Fluid Examination......Page 157 Type i spinal muscular atrophy......Page 1730 Epilepsies of the Neonatal Period......Page 975 Severe Myoclonic Epilepsy in Infancy......Page 160 Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy......Page 295 Types of Vaccines......Page 307 Vaccines Composed of Whole-Killed Organisms......Page 1717 Subacute Sensory Neuronopathy......Page 163 Glucose......Page 164 Research......Page 1188 Intermediate Filaments......Page 166 Pediatric Neuroimaging......Page 168 Disruption of Brain Programming......Page 277 Anatomy......Page 734 Magnetic Resonance Imaging......Page 174 Diagnostic Evaluation......Page 766 Related Morbidity and Mortality......Page 1040 Neurotransmitters......Page 1275 Arterial Circulation: Anatomy and Vascular Patterns......Page 1644 Clinical Features......Page 918 Pathogenesis......Page 1337 Magnetic Source Imaging......Page 198 Management......Page 1857 Treatment......Page 1866 Gastroesophageal Reflux......Page 1259 ALG12-CDG (Ig)......Page 286 Pediatric Neurophysiologic Evaluation......Page 202 Embryologic Development......Page 1951 Assessing Causality......Page 515 Structure and Function of DNA......Page 281 Comprehensive Pediatric Rehabilitation Programs......Page 204 Dysferlin......Page 206 Opsoclonus-Myoclonus-Ataxia Syndrome......Page 1187 Neurologic Complications of Congenital Heart Disease Prior to Anatomic Intervention......Page 209 Audiological Disorders......Page 427 Spastic Hemiplegia......Page 1053 Behavioral Disturbances......Page 530 Biochemistry and molecular genetics......Page 218 Physiology......Page 2140 Magnetic Resonance Imaging......Page 219 Localizing Symptoms......Page 220 Clinical Features......Page 994 Contractures......Page 221 Tuberous Sclerosis Complex......Page 752 Molecular Genetics......Page 1729 Photic Stimulation......Page 222 Drowsy Patterns......Page 223 Prognosis......Page 313 Mumps, Measles, and Rubella Vaccine and Autism......Page 2122 Postoperative Morbidity......Page 1599 Intracranial Hemorrhage......Page 1008 Mycophenolate Mofetil......Page 225 Clinical Characteristics, Clinical Laboratory Tests, and Diagnosis......Page 1547 White-Matter Contusional Tears......Page 1267 Transcranial magnetic stimulation......Page 900 Adult Cerebral Form of Adrenoleukodystrophy......Page 416 Cocaine......Page 227 Palliative Care......Page 797 Type III......Page 1768 Drugs......Page 2054 Neurologic Abnormalities in Primary Biliary Cirrhosis......Page 2086 Spikes and Sharp Waves......Page 233 Antidepressants......Page 234 Hypsarrhythmia......Page 235 Ribose-5-phosphate isomerase deficiency......Page 1142 X-linked muscular dystrophies......Page 236 Adverse Drug Reactions to Antiepileptic Drugs......Page 906 Pathology......Page 237 Laboratory Testing......Page 816 Multiple Independent Spike Foci......Page 238 Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy 1a (myotilinopathy)......Page 1843 Treatment of Psychiatric Disorders......Page 819 Genetics and Pathophysiology......Page 1145 Vitamin A intoxication......Page 1295 Febrile Seizures......Page 239 Determination of Brain Death......Page 240 Outcome......Page 1674 Clinical Laboratory Tests......Page 1695 Nitrofurantoin......Page 1209 Degenerative Diseases......Page 241 Acquired Arteriopathies......Page 1678 Pediatric Neurointensive Care......Page 243 Facioscapulohumeral Muscular Dystrophy......Page 574 Tick-Borne Flaviviruses......Page 244 Evoked Potential Analysis......Page 245 Auditory-Evoked Potentials......Page 246 Electroretinography......Page 248 Somatosensory-Evoked Potentials......Page 249 Event-Related Potentials......Page 250 Introduction......Page 251 Laboratory Testing......Page 253 Tic Phenomenology......Page 1107 Asperger's Disorder......Page 256 The Enteric Nervous System......Page 2069 Influenza Virus Vaccine......Page 1024 Guillain-barré syndrome......Page 269 Brain Stimulation and Adaptive Plasticity......Page 258 Topiramate......Page 892 Clinical Features and Management of Hyperprolactinemia......Page 259 Clinical Features......Page 260 Mechanisms Underlying Functional Recovery in the Nervous System......Page 261 Stimulants......Page 914 Pelizaeus-Merzbacher Disease......Page 1272 Ethics of Care......Page 1375 Management......Page 1541 Cerebral Palsy......Page 270 Other neonatal risk factors......Page 273 Physiology of Absence Epilepsy......Page 274 Symptoms and Signs in Older Children......Page 485 Paraneoplastic Encephalitides......Page 1640 Abnormalities of Galactose Metabolism......Page 616 References......Page 0 Orthostatic Intolerance/Postural Tachycardia Syndrome......Page 954 Individual Inflammatory and Cell Signaling Molecules......Page 279 Downregulation of Astrocytic Glutamate Transporters......Page 610 Duties as a Neurologist......Page 1401 Selective Dorsal Rhizotomy......Page 1491 Febrile Seizures and Subsequent Epilepsy......Page 282 Ion Channel Configuration Favors Depolarization in Early Life......Page 284 Dysphagia......Page 2006 Paroxysmal Depolarization Shift......Page 965 SOX10-Associated Disorders......Page 285 Genetics......Page 287 Chromosomal disorders......Page 1961 Clinical features......Page 289 Smallpox......Page 1340 Escherichia coli......Page 773 Infant Botulism......Page 291 Epilepsy of Infancy with Migrating Focal Seizures......Page 1004 Plexopathies......Page 796 Clinical Characteristics......Page 293 Epidemiology......Page 823 Hypothalamic/Pituitary Disorders of Pubertal Development......Page 496 Clinical Features......Page 1273 Volume of Distribution......Page 297 Citrullinemia Type II or Citrin Deficiency......Page 421 Disorders Associated with Gastrointestinal Disease......Page 308 Ethical Responsibilities......Page 1151 Magnetic resonance spectroscopy imaging......Page 298 Disorders of Prolactin Secretion......Page 644 Anatomic Gastrointestinal Disorders......Page 1451 Mortality in Children with Epilepsy......Page 958 Perfusion Imaging......Page 301 Pulmonary Issues......Page 2136 Enteric Infections......Page 896 Clinical features......Page 1867 Other Viral Myositides......Page 306 Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathies......Page 919 Galactokinase Deficiency......Page 481 Neurologic Conditions Associated with Congenital Heart Disease......Page 1590 Introduction......Page 741 Function......Page 309 Prader-Willi Syndrome......Page 310 Lamotrigine......Page 1070 Neuroprotection......Page 312 Cerebrospinal Fluid......Page 1516 Types of Pain......Page 1927 Turcot's Syndrome......Page 2079 Introduction......Page 1808 Subarachnoid Hemorrhage......Page 1073 Management/Treatment......Page 314 Minimal hepatic encephalopathy......Page 315 Laboratory data......Page 677 Spinal Epidermoid Tumor......Page 681 Congenital Indifference to Pain......Page 1389 Management of Specific Tumors......Page 317 Laboratory Evaluation......Page 1814 Epidural hematomas......Page 318 Hepatorenal Syndrome......Page 927 Progressive Hepatocerebral Disease......Page 2029 Connective Tissue Disorders......Page 322 Selective Tubular Dysfunction......Page 1842 Calcium-Mediated Injury......Page 325 Benign Epilepsy with Centrotemporal Spikes......Page 505 Infectious/inflammatory arteriopathy......Page 326 Brachial Plexus......Page 328 Laboratory Features......Page 620 Mutations in proinflammatory cytokines......Page 330 Acetazolamide-Responsive Sodium Channel Myotonia and Myotonia Fluctuans......Page 1253 Neuroimaging......Page 331 Neurologic Manifestations......Page 1685 Ataxia-Telangiectasia (AT; Louis-Bar Syndrome - OMIM 208900)*......Page 1185 Norepinephrine Transporter Deficiency......Page 1963 Chromosome Structure......Page 334 Congenital Uremic Encephalopathy......Page 1197 Zonisamide......Page 406 Whipple's Disease......Page 1457 Clinical Characteristics, Clinical Laboratory Tests, and Diagnosis......Page 336 Clinical Features......Page 563 Migraine with aura......Page 385 Pathophysiology......Page 337 Sydenham's chorea......Page 338 Epidemiology......Page 339 Hyperkinetic Movement Disorders......Page 1666 Fragile X Syndrome......Page 811 Hypoxia-Ischemia......Page 340 Acyl-CoA Oxidase Deficiency......Page 341 Amyloidosis......Page 731 Barbiturates......Page 342 Prevention......Page 343 Magnetic Resonance Imaging......Page 344 Glucose Homeostasis......Page 345 Hereditary Familial Episodic Ataxia Type 1......Page 346 Valproate......Page 1844 Acknowledgments......Page 347 Carbamazepine......Page 2066 Perinatal Metabolic Encephalopathies......Page 348 Duties as a Physician......Page 2158 Dissection and other physical injury......Page 352 Childhood Absence Epilepsy (Pyknolepsy)......Page 354 Pharmacology......Page 357 Summary......Page 974 Prognosis of postoperative seizures......Page 361 Rehabilitation Strategies......Page 1380 Sulfite Oxidase and Molybdenum Co-factor Deficiency......Page 363 Dopamine--Hydroxylase Deficiency......Page 364 Insecticides......Page 1988 Microbiologic Evaluation......Page 1495 Lindane......Page 365 Measurements of Cerebral Perfusion......Page 366 Genetic Testing......Page 465 Limb Girdle Dystrophy 1B: Lamin A/C......Page 1074 Limb-Girdle Muscular Dystrophy 2A: Calpainopathy......Page 1665 Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms......Page 367 Complications of Transplantation......Page 2025 Definitions of Palliative Care......Page 2147 Meningismus......Page 368 Relationships to Other Neurologic Disorders......Page 370 Familial Dysautonomia......Page 1959 Anatomy and Embryology......Page 373 Clinical Discussions and Groups......Page 2165 Benign Familial Neonatal-Infantile Seizures......Page 976 Epidemiology and Pathogenesis......Page 376 Blood tests......Page 1823 Gene-Environment Interactions Influencing Neural Tube Defects......Page 377 Clinical Features......Page 768 Management......Page 641 Inflammatory Bowel Disease......Page 382 Diagnostic Criteria......Page 1456 Autonomic Dysreflexia......Page 1745 Laboratory Features......Page 1868 Biologic Toxins......Page 1987 Complications of Chronic Renal Failure......Page 2043 Trauma-Related Anterior Horn Cell Disease......Page 657 Etiology and Prognosis......Page 995 Polyneuropathy and myopathy......Page 1913 Conus medullaris syndrome......Page 386 Cyclophosphamide......Page 387 Diagnostic Testing......Page 1325 Milder Forms of Encephalopathy......Page 2049 Digital Subtraction Angiography......Page 1483 Leukoencephalopathies with Brainstem, Cerebellum and Spinal Cord Involvement......Page 468 Clinical Presentation......Page 390 Clinical Features......Page 1813 Reye's Syndrome......Page 783 The Anterior Horn Cells of Spinal Cord......Page 959 Implications of the Phonologic Model of Dyslexia......Page 394 Spirituality......Page 1824 Excitatory Synaptic Transmission......Page 398 Acute Presentation......Page 1376 Ethical Problems......Page 1052 Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis......Page 1738 Prothrombotic and Hematological Disorders......Page 400 Malabsorption Syndromes......Page 2074 Pathogenesis......Page 869 Other Tests......Page 749 Management......Page 405 Autoimmune Disorder......Page 1262 Clinical Assessment......Page 1859 Fabry ́s Disease......Page 407 Epidemiology, Microbiology, and Pathology......Page 408 Vasovagal Syncope......Page 888 Defects of the Respiratory Chain......Page 410 Clinical Characteristics......Page 411 Acquired brain lesions in the fetus with congenital heart disease......Page 1093 Motor Unit System......Page 1725 Muscle biopsy......Page 795 Dystonic cerebral palsy......Page 510 Haemophilus influenzae Type b......Page 1759 Common Toxidromes......Page 1983 Pauciarticular Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (Oligoarthritis)......Page 1687 Complications of Dialysis......Page 587 Peripheral Neuromuscular Injury......Page 2020 Guillain-Barré Syndrome with Central Nervous System Manifestations......Page 415 Treatment......Page 1929 Cannabis......Page 1992 Cerebellar Atrophy......Page 417 Type IV......Page 1418 Differential Diagnosis......Page 418 Persistent Vegetative State......Page 419 Environment for Death and Dying......Page 2150 Etiology......Page 886 Glycogenoses......Page 1751 Aromatic l-Amino Acid Decarboxylase or Dopa-Decarboxylase Deficiency......Page 424 Epilepsy......Page 425 Ophthalmological Disorders......Page 426 Adrenocorticotropic Hormone Deficiency......Page 1922 Primary Microcephaly......Page 430 Growth Hormone Excess......Page 433 Electrophysiologic Testing......Page 1408 Genetic Counseling......Page 434 Opioids......Page 2143 Scoliosis......Page 439 Antiplatelet therapy......Page 1663 Clinical Features......Page 1441 Neuronal Damage......Page 445 Scedosporium spp. Infection......Page 446 Neonatal-Onset Multisystem Inflammatory Disease or Chronic Infantile Neurologic Cutaneous and Articular Syndrome......Page 1688 Spinal Epidural Abscess......Page 1458 Other Megalencephaly/Macrocephaly Syndromes......Page 448 Embryology......Page 450 Recent Progress......Page 451 Definition......Page 887 Treatment and Prognosis......Page 718 Imaging Studies......Page 458 Midline Tumors......Page 460 Hypothalamic/Pituitary Disorders of Water Balance......Page 645 Neurotransmitter deficiencies......Page 461 Porphyria......Page 1198 Apnea Testing......Page 1007 Thimerosal-Containing Vaccines and Developmental Disorders of Childhood......Page 1496 Thyroid Disorders......Page 1164 Strangulation Injury......Page 1414 Scrub Typhus......Page 1551 Brain Imaging......Page 467 Nitrous Oxide......Page 1137 Clinical presentation and diagnosis......Page 1605 Delta-Sarcoglycanopathy (Limb-Girdle Dystrophy 2F)......Page 473 Opiate Antagonists......Page 571 Pathology......Page 475 Brain Imaging......Page 476 Lupus aseptic meningitis......Page 786 Hydrocephalus......Page 480 Movement Disorders After Cardiac Surgery......Page 2018 Sedation......Page 492 Biochemical and molecular basis......Page 588 Changing Techniques/Delivery......Page 493 Solvents......Page 1135 Arsenic......Page 629 Infection......Page 926 Introduction......Page 495 Spinal Cord......Page 498 Associated manifestations......Page 607 Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome......Page 502 Episodic Gastrointestinal Disease......Page 504 Management......Page 506 Defects of the Krebs Cycle......Page 507 Introduction......Page 511 Introduction......Page 1268 Prenatal Assessment of Normal Development of the Cortex......Page 513 Dissemination of Original Research......Page 873 Coccidioidomycosis......Page 517 Myotonic Dystrophy Type 2 (Formerly Proximal Myotonic Myopathy)......Page 863 Muscle biopsy......Page 1908 Loss of Autoregulation Leading to Brain Tamponade......Page 528 Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome and Recurrent Abdominal Pain......Page 2070 Brain Anomalies of Fetal Onset Associated with CHD......Page 521 Epidemiology, Microbiology, and Pathology......Page 1542 Preoperative Neurologic Complications......Page 877 Prenatal Diagnosis of Molar Tooth-Related Syndromes......Page 524 Introduction to Genetics......Page 525 Clinical Management......Page 916 Education......Page 1918 Duties as a Pediatrician......Page 2159 Pathology......Page 529 Clinical Characteristics, Clinical Laboratory Tests, and Diagnosis......Page 1543 Similar Thresholds Affect Outcome in Other Forms of Severe Brain Injury......Page 1438 Alpha B-Crystallinopathy......Page 532 Epidemiology, Microbiology, and Pathology......Page 625 Other Gastrointestinal Diseases......Page 2078 Cervicomedullary syndrome......Page 1131 Thallium......Page 535 Hereditary Sensory and Autonomic Neuropathies......Page 536 Gamma-Hydroxybutyrate......Page 630 Restriction Enzymes......Page 538 Treatment......Page 1553 Sanger sequencing......Page 539 General Management Principles for Severe Pediatric TBI......Page 540 Antipsychotic Agents (Neuroleptics)......Page 1525 Single-Base Extension......Page 541 Lithium......Page 732 Vitamin A deficiency......Page 593 Post-Cardiac Arrest Brain Injury - Potential Therapies......Page 1427 Thiamine deficiency......Page 2097 Pathology......Page 542 Diagnosis......Page 1528 Biochemistry......Page 543 Deletions and Duplications......Page 544 Kidney Stones......Page 2067 Clinical features......Page 545 Clinical Features......Page 1211 Arteriovenous malformations......Page 546 Treatment......Page 1700 Aneurysms......Page 1683 Clinical description......Page 547 Frameshift Mutations......Page 548 Patterns of Inheritance......Page 549 X-Linked Inheritance......Page 550 Genomic Imprinting......Page 551 Mitochondrial Inheritance......Page 552 Prenatal Diagnosis......Page 553 Genetics and Medicine......Page 554 Chromosomes and Chromosomal Abnormalities......Page 555 Pharmacology......Page 862 Blood Supply......Page 556 Numerical Abnormalities......Page 557 Spastic Quadriplegia......Page 561 Bandlike Intracranial Calcification with Simplified Gyration and Polymicrogyria......Page 1158 Physical Examination Findings......Page 646 Hereditary Motor and Sensory Neuropathy Type II......Page 1765 Plasmapheresis......Page 1810 Plasmapheresis......Page 565 Treatment......Page 566 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy......Page 809 Other treatments......Page 1036 Prader-Willi and Angelman's Syndromes......Page 569 Management of the Childhood Polyneuropathies......Page 632 Neuropsychiatric lupus......Page 572 Treatment and outcome......Page 785 Pathophysiology......Page 573 Genetics......Page 1222 Clinical features......Page 1873 Niacin (Vitamin B3)......Page 2099 Treatment and Outcome......Page 1505 Historical Background......Page 575 Aminoacidemias and Organic Acidemias......Page 576 Laboratory Approaches to Diagnosis......Page 577 Inheritance and Genetic Counseling......Page 578 Historical Overview......Page 716 Retinopathies......Page 1638 Polymyositis......Page 1910 Clinical Features......Page 583 Rotavirus......Page 584 Anti-AChR antibodies......Page 1783 Classic maple syrup urine disease......Page 585 Neuropathic Pain......Page 2145 Etiology......Page 1031 Hypokalemic Periodic Paralysis......Page 590 Prognosis......Page 1791 Biochemistry......Page 901 Correct Acid-Base and Electrolyte Imbalance......Page 1326 Neurologic Abnormalities Associated with Liver Transplantation......Page 2085 Gene Therapy......Page 1522 Medulloblastoma......Page 649 Amebic Infections of the Central Nervous System......Page 1485 Molecular pathogenesis......Page 592 Monitoring of the Comatose Patient......Page 1327 Maple syrup urine disease......Page 1294 Diphenhydramine......Page 930 Anticoagulation......Page 1673 Tacrolimus (FK-506)......Page 594 Diagnosis, Treatment, And Outcome......Page 1529 Treatment......Page 1699 Treatment......Page 596 Botulism......Page 1365 Steroids......Page 597 Pyridoxine-Dependent Epilepsy......Page 1617 Aromatic L-Amino Acid Decarboxylase Deficiency......Page 1297 Cobalamin deficiency......Page 598 Management and treatment......Page 791 Involvement of fatty acid oxidation-dependent tissues......Page 1852 3-Methylglutaconic Aciduria......Page 599 Adverse Effects......Page 937 Diagnosis......Page 600 Neurocytoma......Page 938 Adverse effects......Page 939 Diagnosis......Page 601 Treatment......Page 602 Takayasu's Arteritis......Page 1707 3-Hydroxyisobutyric Aciduria......Page 603 Mevalonate Kinase Deficiency......Page 604 Classification of Seizures......Page 605 Clinical Description of Urea Cycle Disorders......Page 606 Common Morality and Natural Law......Page 2155 Argininemia......Page 608 Facial Nerve Paralysis (Bell's Palsy)......Page 609 Personhood......Page 1123 Other Structural Congenital Myopathies......Page 613 Neurologic Examination......Page 614 Hypokalemia......Page 1045 Childhood......Page 615 Cognitive Function in Benign Childhood Epilepsy Syndromes......Page 1119 Clinical Characteristics, Clinical Laboratory Tests, and Diagnosis......Page 984 Arterial Ischemic Stroke......Page 1046 Anatomy......Page 917 Mechanical Factors......Page 1042 Conflict of Interest......Page 1825 Pathology......Page 622 Biochemistry......Page 623 Clinical Laboratory Tests......Page 1804 Acid α-Glucosidase (GAA, Acid Maltase) Deficiency, Infantile Type (Pompe's Disease, Idiopathic Generalized Glycogenosis, Glycog......Page 626 Clinical Manifestations of Raised Intracranial Pressure......Page 923 Clinical Characteristics......Page 627 Clinical Laboratory Evaluation......Page 664 Genetics......Page 1767 Late Postoperative Stroke......Page 1965 Transition in Goals of Care......Page 2148 The Role of the Basal Ganglia in Movement Disorders......Page 631 Management and outcome......Page 1216 Support During Dying......Page 904 Phosphoglycerate Mutase Deficiency......Page 813 Disorders Associated with Vitamin Deficiencies or Excesses......Page 2095 Cluster Headache......Page 633 Atropine and Related Alkaloids......Page 634 Clinical presentation and diagnosis......Page 635 Supportive Care......Page 1360 Phosphoglucomutase Deficiency (Thomson's Disease)......Page 636 Conclusions......Page 637 Breath-Holding Spells......Page 638 Management......Page 639 Autism and Autistic Spectrum Disorders......Page 640 Abnormal Permeability to Calcium and Chronic Increase of Intracellular Calcium......Page 1111 Motor Neuron Diseases of Unknown Etiology......Page 1740 Hypothalamic/Pituitary Disorders of Statural Growth......Page 1945 Clinical Features......Page 1924 Diagnosis: Neuroimaging......Page 1124 Clinical Characteristics, Clinical Laboratory Tests, and Diagnosis......Page 1544 Nerve Agents......Page 1029 Pathogenesis......Page 996 Fungal Myositides......Page 1914 Inhibitors of Receptor Tyrosine Kinases and Cellular Signal Transduction......Page 1603 Advances in Imaging......Page 810 Summary......Page 650 Pathology......Page 651 Polyneuritis Cranialis......Page 1785 Treatment......Page 1412 Metachromatic Leukodystrophy (Sulfatide Lipidosis)......Page 673 Long-Term Neurodevelopmental Dysfunction......Page 676 Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy......Page 1552 Molecular Pathogenesis......Page 682 Initiation and titration of dose......Page 683 Communication......Page 684 Phosphoglycerate Kinase Deficiency......Page 685 Disorders of oxidative phosphorylation......Page 1872 Monitoring of Drug Concentrations......Page 686 Interpretation of ``Optimal Therapeutic Ranges ́ ́......Page 687 Sialidosis......Page 688 Anatomic and Biochemical Effects of Undernutrition......Page 689 Mucolipidosis Type I (Sialidosis Type II)......Page 690 Clinical Features......Page 1932 Danon ́s Disease......Page 694 Sialic Acid Storage Disorders......Page 695 Cystinosis......Page 696 Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 20 (SCA20 - OMIM 608687)......Page 697 Introduction......Page 700 Histopathologic Disturbances......Page Swaiman's Pediatric Neurology, By Drs. Kenneth Swaiman, Stephen Ashwal, Donna Ferriero, And Nina Schor, Is A Trusted Resource In Clinical Pediatric Neurology With Comprehensive, Authoritative, And Clearly-written Guidance. Extensively Updated To Reflect Advancements In The Field, This Fifth Edition Covers New Imaging Modalities Such As Pediatric Neuroimaging, Spinal Fluid Examination, Neurophysiology, As Well As The Treatment And Management Of Epilepsy, Adhd, Infections Of The Nervous System, And More. The Fully Searchable Text Is Now Available Online At Www.expertconsult.com, Along With Downloadable Images And Procedural Videos Demonstrating Intraventricular Hemorrhage And White Matter Injury, Making This An Indispensable Multimedia Resource In Pediatric Neurology. Gain A Clear Visual Understanding From The Numerous Illustrations, Informative Line Drawings, And Summary Tables. Tap Into The Expertise Of Leaders In The Field From The Authoritative And Respected Team Of Editors And Contributors. Get Comprehensive Coverage Of All Aspects Of Pediatric Neurology With A Clinical Focus Useful For Both The Experienced Clinician And The Physician-in-training. Online Only Clinical Evaluation -- Online Only Neurodiagnostic Testing -- Emerging Neuroscience Concepts -- Perinatal Acquired And Congenital Neurologic Disorders -- Congenital Structural Defects -- Genetic, Metabolic, And Neurocutaneous Disorders -- Neurodevelopmental Disorders -- Epilepsy -- Nonepileptiform Paroxysmal Disorders And Disorders Of Sleep -- Disorders Of Balance And Movement -- White Matter Disorders -- Brain Injury And Disorders Of Consciousness -- Infections Of The Nervous System -- Tumors And Vascular Disorders Of The Nervous System -- Neuromuscular Disorders -- Systemic And Autonomic Nervous System Diseases -- Online Only Care Of The Child With Neurologic Disorders. [edited By] Kenneth F. Swaiman ... [et Al.]. Rev. Ed. Of: Pediatric Neurology : Principles & Practice / 4th Ed. Mosby Elsevier, C2006. Expert Consult--p. 4 Of Cover. Chapters 1-12, 105-108 Are Available Online Only At Expertconsult.com. The Complete List Of References Are Available Online Only At Expertconsult.com. Includes Bibliographical References And Index. Swaiman's Pediatric Neurology, by Drs. Kenneth Swaiman, Stephen Ashwal, Donna Ferriero, and Nina Schor, is a trusted resource in clinical pediatric neurology with comprehensive, authoritative, and clearly-written guidance. Extensively updated to reflect advancements in the field, this fifth edition covers new imaging modalities such as pediatric neuroimaging, spinal fluid examination, neurophysiology, as well as the treatment and management of epilepsy, ADHD, infections of the nervous system, and more. The fully searchable text is now available online at www.expertconsult.com, along with downloadable images and procedural videos demonstrating intraventricular hemorrhage and white matter injury, making this an indispensable multimedia resource in pediatric neurology.Gain a clear visual understanding from the numerous illustrations, informative line drawings, and summary tables.Tap into the expertise of an authoritative and respected team of editors and contributors.Get comprehensive coverage of all aspects of pediatric neurology with a clinical focus useful for both the experienced clinician and the physician-in-training. Access the fully searchable text online at www.expertconsult.com, along with 16 additional online-only chapters, downloadable images, videos demonstrating intraventricular hemorrhage and white matter injury, and links to PubMed.Stay current on recent developments through extensive revisions: a new chapter on paraneoplastic syndromes in children; a new section on congenital brain malformations written by leading international authorities; and another one on cutting-edge pediatric neuroscience concepts relating to plasticity, neurodegeneration of the developing brain, and neuroinflammation.Apply the latest information on diagnostic modalities, including pediatric neuroimaging, spinal fluid examination, and neurophysiology