Sustainable Pathways : The Role of Indigenous Tribes and Native Practices in India's Economic Model

Amid the vibrant culture and deep-rooted traditions of India thrive hundreds of Indigenous tribes and ethnic communities. However, these artisan groups find themselves on the fringes of the nation’s financial system. Sustainable Pathways: The Role of Indigenous Tribes and Native Practices in India’s Economic Model illuminates the struggles of these communities that live on the outskirts of mainstream Indian society and examines their journey to financial empowerment. Author Nishi Malhotra provides an in-depth exploration of India’s Indigenous tribes, emphasizing their unique yet financially undervalued arts and crafts traditions. Highlighting initiatives that improve Indigenous economic participation, she critically addresses their financial exclusion and also underscores their vulnerabilities, despite their deep traditional knowledge and ecological insights. Contrasting Eastern and Western perspectives on Indigenous wisdom, Malhotra’s discussion extends into a global context, advocating for educational and policy-making approaches that integrate Indigenous practices and philosophies into sustainability and conservation efforts. A crucial resource for scholars, students, and enthusiasts from fields as diverse as the social sciences, finance, and the arts, this work offers deep insights into the financial inclusion of Indigenous artisans in India. Sustainable Pathways Sustainable Pathways: The Role of Indigenous Tribes and Native Practices in India’s Economic Model Copyright Page Dedication Contents List of Abbreviations About the Author Preface Acknowledgement 1. Introduction to Indigenous Tribes 1. Introduction to Indigenous Tribes Abstract Introduction Philosophy of the Indigenous and Native Tribes Constitution of India and Tribes Origins of Tribal Population Importance of Tribal Communities in India Case Study of Toda Tribe of Nilgiris Jenu Kuruba Tribe of Karnataka Classification of Indian Ethnic Communities or Tribes Classification by Sir Herbert Hope Risley (1915) The Dravidian Clan The Indo-Aryans The Mongoloids B.S. Guha Classification Geographical Distribution of Tribes in India The Hindu Mythology and Tribal Heritage Kevat Guha Sabri Major Tribal Communities in India Artisan Communities in India Tribes of Kerala Tribes of Rajasthan Kumbhar Community Tribal Art and Culture Paintings Tribal Communities and Textiles in India Bamboo Art Form Metal Casting Foods of Tribes in India Sustainable Food Habits Millets Indigenous Food for a Healthy Body and Mind Some Unique Economic Systems of Tribes in India Festivals of Indigenous Communities Palm Conservation by Indigenous Tribes Anthropology of Tribes in India Tribal Traditions Tribal Language and Rituals The Oral Traditions of the Tribes and the Tribal People Tribes and Music Conclusion Further Reading References 2. A Systematic Literature Review Study on the Social Inclusion of the Indigenous People 2. A Systematic Literature Review Study on the Social Inclusion of the Indigenous People Abstract Introduction Definition of Social Inclusion Research Problem Methodology Research Findings Bibliometric Study Descriptive Analysis Network Visualisation Co-authorship Countries Popular Themes in the Literature on the Social Inclusion of Indigenous People Cultural Identity in the Social Inclusion of the Indigenous Tribes The Paradox of Homogenous Identities Among Indigenous Tribes Relevance of Cultural Identity of the Indigenous People Coping With Cultural Changes and Context: Empowering the Indigenous Communities Through Social Capital Strategies to Leverage the Competitive Capabilities of Tribal People Theoretical Framework to Understand the Dynamics of the Cultural Identity Factors Impacting the Social Inclusion of the Indigenous People or Tribals Factors Impacting the Social Inclusion of the Indigenous People or the Tribals Coping Strategies for the Social Inclusion of the Indigenous People and Tribes Organic Integration Dialectic Analysis of Indigenous Population Socialisation Practices Conceptual Framework of Acculturation and Adaptation Strategies by Indigenous Groups Conclusion References 3. Introduction to Tribes of India: How the Guild System Led to Emergence of Tribal System in India? 3. Introduction to Tribes of India: How the Guild System Led to Emergence of Tribal System in India? Abstract Introduction Objectives Methodology Guild System in India Sources of Study of Guilds: Harappa Culture Vedic Culture Chhandogya Upanishad Guilds as Court of Justice Kautilya Kautilya Economy Importance of Punishment and Profit Financial Audit System Financial Governance System Tax Revenue Division of Labour Method of Labour Regulation and Private Sector Pricing of the Merchandise Market Failure and Cartels Markets in Gupta Period Role of Intermediaries Manipulation of Prices Use of Secret Agents Kautilya’s Arthashastra Mauryan Period (300 bc to 200 bc) Coins and Coinage Chinchani Plates of the Rashrakutas King Krishna III, 1000 ad Vedic Guild System Corporations: Evidence of Corporation Form of Guilds Why Guild Existed? Characteristics of the Guild System Governance Structure of the Guild Three Tiers of the Guild Functions of Guild System Economic Function Membership of Guild General Qualifications to Become Member of Guild Exit From the Guild (Mitra Mishra and Chandeshwar) Asset and Liability Sharing Executive Officers Head Man or the Chairman of Guild Head Man as Part of Royale Court Lord Rama and Guild System King Bimbasara and Guild System Krishna Balram Theatrical Performance and Guild Migration of Guilds Description of the Inscription Indore Copper Plate Inscription Description of the Indore Plate Indian Guild in Burma Guilds in South India Increasing Importance of the Temples Conclusion References 4. Introduction to Tribes in India: Factors Affecting the Inclusion of Tribes 4. Introduction to Tribes in India: Factors Affecting the Inclusion of Tribes Abstract Introduction Problems and Challenges Faced by Tribes in India Cognitive Factors Affective Factors The Ancient Medical Practices and National Policy of Medicinal Pluralism AYUSH Upliftment of Tribals Tribals and the Preservation of Languages Sanskritisation of the Indigenous Tribes Empowerment of Tribal ‘Sabka Sath Sabka Vikas’ Conclusion Further Reading References 5. Financial Inclusion of Native Tribes in India and Challenges 5. Financial Inclusion of Native Tribes in India and Challenges Abstract Introduction Research Problem Theoretical Lens Conceptual Frameworks: Ontology of the Social Groups Methodology and Interviews Conclusion References 6. Right of the Indigenous People and Works Done by the Indian Government 6. Right of the Indigenous People and Works Done by the Indian Government Abstract Introduction Objective Research Problem Theoretical Lens Research Methodology Discussion and Findings Challenges to Financial Inclusion Among Natives Orissa Rural and Urban Producer Association Institutional Processes in a SHGs Internal Processes and Mechanism External Mechanism Peer Mechanism Is the Group Formation Conclusion Further Reading 7. Digitisation of the Self-Help Groups 7. Digitisation of the Self-Help Groups Abstract Introduction Literature Review History of Microfinance in India Perspectives on Microfinance Microfinance Financial Intermediation SHG Model and Microfinance Institution Model History of SHGs in India Microfinance Women Empowerment SHG Bank Linkage Programme Methodology Research Problem Data Collection Preparing for the Interview Open Coding Transcript for Interviews First Interview (Uddham Nagar, District Manager) Second Interview (Nainital District Manager) Memoing Reflections Follow Through Focused Codes Constant Comparison Theoretical Coding Constant Comparison Constant Comparison Generalisation Theory Generation Data Analysis Grounded Theory Evaluation Conclusion References 8. Role of the Indigenous Tribes in Conserving Nature: Case Studies on Sustainable Practices by Indigenous Tribes 8. Role of the Indigenous Tribes in Conserving Nature: Case Studies on Sustainable Practices by Indigenous Tribes Abstract Introduction: The Role of the Indigenous Tribes in Conserving Nature Bricolage and Indigenous Tribes Methodology Bricolage Some of the Case Studies From the Indian Tribes and Their Contribution to the Socio Ecological Preservation Bricolage in Indian Entrepreneurship and Jugaad Agency Problem in the Social Organisations Water Conservation Practices Among Indigenous Tribes Jal Shakti Abhiyan and Catch the Rain Programme CMIE Data and the State of Drinking Water in Villages in India Ahar Pyne Water Harvesting System Bengal Inundation System Dighi's Baolis Conclusion 9. Epistemologies and Ontologies in Self-Help Group 9. Epistemologies and Ontologies in Self-Help Group Abstract Introduction Research Problem Literature Review Findings and Discussion Religious Approach to Inclusion of Tribes Data Analysis and Findings How These People Communicate and Many Groups Break? Theoretical Lens and Findings Conclusion References 10. How Various Factors Impact the Financial Behaviour of the Members of the Self-Help Group of Indigenous Groups and Natives or Tribal Communities 10. How Various Factors Impact the Financial Behaviour of the Members of the Self-Help Group of Indigenous Groups and Natives or Tribal Communities Abstract Introduction Objectives Hypothesis Data Collection Data Analysis and Empirical Analysis Measurement Model Common Method Bias Measurement Model Structural Model Structural Model Mediation Analysis Discussion and Analysis Conclusion Further Reading References Providing an in-depth exploration of India’s Indigenous tribes and their unique yet undervalued arts and crafts traditions, this work illuminates the struggles of these communities that live on the outskirts of mainstream Indian society and examines their journey to financial empowerment.