Sustainable Development Goals Connectivity Dilemma : Land and Geospatial Information for Urban and Rural Resilience

The Open Access version of this book, available at https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429290626, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license. Large-scale migration from rural to urban areas, and between countries, affects sustainable development at local, national, and regional levels. To strengthen urban and rural resilience to global challenges, Sustainable Development Goals Connectivity Dilemma: Land and Geospatial Information for Urban and Rural Resilience, brings together leading international geospatial experts to analyze the role of land and geospatial data infrastructures and services for achieving the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). While the goals outlined in the 2030 Agenda have been longstanding aspirations worldwide, the complexity and connectivity between social, economic, environmental, and governance challenges are changing with large-scale urbanization and population growth. Structured in 5 parts, the themes and objectives of the book are in line with the critical challenges, gaps, and opportunities raised at all UN-GGIM events and UN-GGIM Academic Network forums. Through the different perspectives of scholars, industry actors, and policy-makers, this book provides interdisciplinary analysis and multisectoral expertise on the interconnection between the SDGs, geospatial information, and urban and rural resilience. Sustainable Development Goals Connectivity Dilemma: Land and Geospatial Information for Urban and Rural Resilience is an essential reference for researchers, industry professionals, and postgraduate students in fields such as geomatics, land administration, urban planning, GIS, and sustainable development. It will also prove a vital resource for environmental protection specialists, government practitioners, UN-GGIM delegates, and geospatial and land administration agencies. Features: Introduces a holistic and new approach to sustainable development Brings together social, economic, and environmental dimensions of sustainability Highlights the significance and the role of geospatial information in sustainable development Examines urban and rural interdependencies in the context of strengthening resilience Written by experts with diverse academic and professional backgrounds who examine connectivity and develop strategic pathways Cover Half Title Title Page Copyright Page Contents Forewords Preface Acknowledgements Biographies of Authors Part I: Setting the Scene 1. Sustainable Development Goals Connectivity Dilemma 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Addressing SDGs and Land Tenure: The Need for a Roadmap 1.3 Book Structure and Overview 2. SDGs Roadmap 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Sustainable Development 2.3 Goals, Targets and Indicators 2.4 Geospatial Data and Enabling Technologies 2.5 Bridging the Geospatial Digital Divide 2.6 A National Strategic Geospatial Information Policy Framework 2.7 Vision and Mission 2.7.1 Vision 2.7.2 Mission 2.8 Principles 2.9 Strategic Drivers 2.10 Goals 2.11 Strategic Pathways 2.12 Benefits 2.13 Implementing the National Strategic Geospatial Information Policy Framework 2.14 Conclusions Bibliography 3. Marriage of Opposites: Strategies for Public and Private Sectors Working Together in Land Tenure Reform Projects That Support SDGs 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Background: Land Administration and the Trend of Involving the Private Sector 3.3 SDGs and Land Tenure Reform Projects 3.4 Land Reform Projects: Achievements and Challenges 3.5 Lessons Learnt From Involving the Private Sector in LTS 3.5.1 Switzerland 3.5.2 Canada 3.5.3 Australia 3.5.4 Philippines 3.5.5 India 3.6 Strategies to Align Private Participation in Land Tenure Reform Projects With SDGs 3.7 Conclusions Bibliography 4. Spatially Enabling the SDGs: The Social, Economic, and Environmental Impacts of Spatial Enablement 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Spatially Enabling the SDGs 4.2.1 What Does It Mean to Be Spatially Enabled? 4.2.2 Sustainable Development Goals in an Interconnected World 4.2.3 Integrating Spatial Enablement Into the SDG Framework 4.3 Narrowing the Connectivity and Spatial Gap 4.4 The Social Impact of Spatially Enabling the SDGs 4.5 Land: The Driving Force of Spatial Enablement for the SDGs 4.6 Conclusion Bibliography Part II: Enhancing SDGs Connectivity and Disaster Resilience 5. Leveraging National Land and Geospatial Systems for Improved Disaster Resilience 5.1 Introduction - Supporting SDGs With Land and Geospatial Information 5.2 Addressing Global Problems With Land and Geospatial Systems 5.3 Global Land and Geospatial Systems 5.4 Working Towards the SDGs: Achieving Land Resilience 5.5 Global Development Frameworks 5.6 A Roadmap for Building Land Resilience 5.7 Conclusion Bibliography 6. Geospatial Information Technologies in Support of Disaster Risk Reduction, Mitigation and Resilience: Challenges and Recommendations 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Why are technologies alone not enough in disasters loss reduction 6.3 Integration of Geospatial Knowledge 6.4 Geospatial Rapid Visual Screening for Earthquake Disaster Risk Reduction, Mitigation and Resilience 6.5 Human Search and Rescue in Drone Images 6.6 An Example of Lack of Laws in Geospatial and Environmental Issues 6.7 Conclusions and General Remarks Bibliography 7. Application of Unmanned Aircraft Systems for Coastal Mapping and Resiliency 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Overview of UAS Technology 7.3 Aerial Mapping with UAS 7.3.1 Mission Planning 7.3.2 Flight Design 7.3.3 Image GSD and Overlap 7.3.4 Structure-from-Motion Photogrammetry 7.4 Regulations 7.5 Case Study: Hurricane Harvey Impact Assessment 7.6 Conclusion Bibliography Part III: Supporting SDGs: Legal, Policies and Institutional Components and Capacity Building 8. Legal and Policy Paths for Effective Sustainable Development 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Fundamental Economic Policies Germane to Traditional Resources 8.3 Role of Legal Controls 8.4 Policies and Laws Germane to Digital Economy Resources 8.4.1 Settling Disputes 8.4.2 Protecting People Against Excessive or Unfair Private Power 8.4.3 Protecting Citizens Against Excessive or Unfair Government Power 8.4.4 Ensuring People an Opportunity to Enjoy the Minimum Decencies of Life 8.5 Maintaining Order 8.6 Open Access to Domestic Government Data 8.7 Correcting Unjust Laws and Policies Within Growing Information Economies 8.8 Conclusions Bibliography 9. Developing a Framework for National Institutional Arrangements in Geospatial Information Management 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Framework Development 9.2.1 Introduction 9.2.2 Concepts 9.2.3 Instruments 9.3 Framework Application 9.3.1 Introduction 9.3.2 Application Approach 9.4 Key Examples 9.4.1 Introduction 9.4.2 Description of Key Practice Examples 9.5 Lessons Learnt Bibliography 10. Considerations for Institutional Interconnectivity 10.1 Introduction 10.2 SDGs as a `Wicked' Problem 10.3 Institutions 10.4 Wicked Problems and Institutional Challenges for Coordination and Collaboration in the Public Sector 10.5 Challenges of Coordination for Spatial Enablement 10.6 Institutional Considerations: Moving Forward Bibliography 11. Implementing SDGs in Smart Cities Beyond Digital Tools 11.1 Introduction 11.2 SDGs and Means of Implementation in Smart Cities 11.2.1 Three-Tier SDGs 11.2.2 Means of Implementation-Framework 11.2.3 Means of Implementation - Data and Indicators 11.3 Smart City Context 11.3.1 Smart City Concept 11.3.2 Argument of Smart City and Sustainability 11.3.3 Making Cities Smart and Sustainable 11.3.4 Needs of Digital Tools and Living Labs 11.4 Key Components Beyond Digital Tools 11.4.1 Networked Infrastructure 11.4.2 Knowledgeable Community 11.4.3 Intelligent Governance 11.5 Action Agenda of Smart Cities Towards SDGs Beyond Digital Tools 11.5.1 Integration of Innovation Capacity in Smart Cities 11.5.2 Transformation of Smart Growth in Smart Cities 11.5.3 Evolvement of the Socio-Economic Ecosystem in Smart Cities 11.6 Discussion and Conclusion Bibliography 12. Spatial Enablement to Facilitate the New Urban Agenda Commitments for Sustainable Development 12.1 Introduction: Background and Driving Forces 12.2 Urbanisation; From a Threat to an Opportunity 12.3 AFINUA and Its Relation to SDGs and CPI 12.4 Spatial Data Infrastructure Advancements and Opportunities 12.5 Conclusion and Discussion Bibliography 13. The Geospatial Capacity Building Ecosystem - Developing the Brainware for SDI 13.1 Introduction 13.2 Status 13.3 Mix of Actors in an Education Ecosystem 13.4 Case Study: the Copernicus Master in Digital Earth 13.5 Educational Ecosystem Services 13.6 Conclusions Bibliography Part IV: Enabling Tools and Technical Components 14. The Role of Geospatial Information Standards for Sustainable Development 14.1 Introduction 14.2 Digitization Forces Standardization 14.3 The Framework of International Standardization for Geospatial Information 14.3.1 Technical Standards Link Environmental Standards to IT Innovations 14.3.2 Standardization Driven by Innovation and Technical Evolution 14.3.3 New Information Communities Emerge 14.4 Case Studies 14.4.1 Australia 14.4.2 New Zealand 14.4.3 South Africa 14.5 Case Studies of Relevant Standards for Specific Goals 14.5.1 New Zealand Government Use of WaterML and SOS 14.5.2 Urban Environment - Multiple Urban Implementations Including UK, Singapore, Germany, Finland, Australia, USA, Canada. Key 14.5.3 Arctic SDP Bibliography 15. Urban Analytics Data Infrastructure: Critical SDI for Measuring and Monitoring The National and Local Progress of SDGs 15.1 Introduction 15.2 Global Indicator Framework 15.3 The Urban Analytics Data Infrastructure 15.4 UADI's Contribution to SDGs 15.5 Discussion and Conclusion Bibliography 16. New Technical Enabling Tools for Data Acquisition and Maintenance of Topographic Data of Urban and High Mountain Areas to Suppor 16.1 Introduction 16.2 Global Progress in Mapping From 1900 to 2000 16.3 Large Scale Mapping of Urban Areas 16.4 Large Scale Mapping in Europe 16.5 Future Alternatives by New Technology 16.5.1 High Resolution Satellite Imagery 16.5.2 Mobile Mapping 16.5.3 3D Oblique Imaging via 3D City Models With Automated Object Creation of Buildings 16.6 The Use of New Stereo Satellite High Resolution Satellites by China for the Mapping of High Mountain Areas Bibliography 17. Night-Light Remote Sensing: Data, Processing and Applications 17.1 Introduction 17.2 DMSP/OLS Night-light Data 17.2.1 VIIRS DNB Night-light Data 17.2.2 VIIRS DNB Night-light Data 17.2.3 Jilin1-03B Night-light Data 17.2.4 Luojia 1-01 Night-light Data 17.3 Data Processing 17.3.1 DMSP/OLS Intercalibration 17.3.2 Improvement of VIIRS DNB Daily Data 17.3.3 Saturation Correction 17.4 Applications 17.4.1 The Applications of Night-light Data 17.4.2 Case: The Study of Syrian Crisis Bibliography Part V: SDGs Perspectives: Current Practices and Case Studies 18. Why and How Informal Development Should Be Formalized Quickly, Inclusively and AffordablyExperience From UNECE Region 18.1 Introduction 18.2 Informality Is Considered a Social, Economic and Environmental Challenge 18.3 Fit-for-Purpose Formalization Policies Bibliography 19. SDGs and Geospatial Information Perspective From Nigeria-Africa 19.1 Introduction 19.2 Existing Knowledge About Interconnection Within SDGs and Between Geospatial Information 19.2.1 The Interconnection Between the SDGs, Geospatial Information, Urban and Rural Resilience 19.2.2 Geospatial Information to Support Inclusive Urbani-sation, Resilient Development, and the SDGs 19.2.3 Approaches to Integrating Geospatial Information and Technologies in the Implementation of the SDGs 19.3 Framework and Methods 19.4 Findings and Analysis 19.4.1 The Interactions Between Various Elements of GIM and the SDGs in African Context 19.4.2 Geospatial Information: Strengthening Community, Infrastructure, and Institutional Resilience 19.4.3 The Role of Geospatial Data Infrastructures and Services in Achieving the SDGs in African Context 19.5 Inferences, Future Direction and Conclusion Bibliography 20. Openness and Community Geospatial Science for Monitoring SDGs - An Example From Tanzania 20.1 Introduction 20.2 Open Data and Open Software 20.3 Community Geospatial Science 20.4 The Use Case and Training Material 20.5 Conclusion Bibliography 21. Modernizing Land Administration Systems to Support Sustainable Development Goals Case Study of Victoria, Australia 21.1 Land Administration Systems 21.2 Selected LAS Works 21.3 Land Administration Systems Related Requirements to Support Sustainable Development Goals 21.4 Case Study of Victoria, Australia 21.5 Conclusion Bibliography Index

The Open Access version of this book, available at https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429290626, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.

Large-scale migration from rural to urban areas, and between countries, affects sustainable development at local, national, and regional levels. To strengthen urban and rural resilience to global challenges, Sustainable Development Goals Connectivity Dilemma: Land and Geospatial Information for Urban and Rural Resilience, brings together leading international geospatial experts to analyze the role of land and geospatial data infrastructures and services for achieving the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). While the goals outlined in the 2030 Agenda have been longstanding aspirations worldwide, the complexity and connectivity between social, economic, environmental, and governance challenges are changing with large-scale urbanization and population growth. Structured in 5 parts, the themes and objectives of the book are in line with the critical challenges, gaps, and opportunities raised at all UN-GGIM events and UN-GGIM Academic Network forums. Through the different perspectives of scholars, industry actors, and policy-makers, this book provides interdisciplinary analysis and multisectoral expertise on the interconnection between the SDGs, geospatial information, and urban and rural resilience.

Sustainable Development Goals Connectivity Dilemma: Land and Geospatial Information for Urban and Rural Resilience is an essential reference for researchers, industry professionals, and postgraduate students in fields such as geomatics, land administration, urban planning, GIS, and sustainable development. It will also prove a vital resource for environmental protection specialists, government practitioners, UN-GGIM delegates, and geospatial and land administration agencies.

Features:

• Introduces a holistic and new approach to sustainable development

• 
  
  

• Brings together social, economic, and environmental dimensions of sustainability

• 
  
  

• Highlights the significance and the role of geospatial information in sustainable development

• 
  
  

• Examines urban and rural interdependencies in the context of strengthening resilience

• 
  
  

• Written by experts with diverse academic and professional backgrounds who examine connectivity and develop strategic pathways

•