کشاورزی پایدار

Credits INTRODUCTION Why Be Sustainable? Chapter 1 DIFFERENT THINGS TO DIFFERENT PEOPLE What to Do Know Your Land a) Evaluating a Site b) Land Carrying Capacity c) Assessing Land Capability An Indication of Sustainability Chapter 2 SUSTAINABLE CONCEPTS Natural Farming ORGANIC FARMING WHOLE FARM PLANNING SYSTEMS THINKING IN SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE PERMACULTURE MINIMAL CULTIVATION NO DIG TECHNIQUES BIODYNAMICS CROP ROTATION SEED SAVING URBAN FARMING HYDROPONICS AQUAPONICS VERTICAL FARMING ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY FARMING Checklist of Sustainability Elements Sustainable Agriculture around the Globe CASE STUDY: TARGET 10, A MODEL FOR SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT Chapter 3 SOILS Introduction GROWING MEDIA SOILS Problems with Soils Major Types of Soil Problems 1) Loss of Soil Fertility 2) Erosion 3) Salinity 4) Soil Sodicity 5) Soil Structural Decline 6) Soil Acidification 7) Build-up of Dangerous Chemicals Improving Soils Adding Organic Matter Cultivation Techniques Conservation Tillage Plant Nutrition Soil pH Choosing the Right Fertiliser Nutrient Deficiencies Natural Fertilisers Types of Natural Fertilisers to Use A Look at Organic Fertilisers Soil Life Earthworms Mycorrhiza Nitrogen Fixing Composting The Composting Process Guidelines for Using Compost Mulches General Rules for Mulching Chapter 4 WATER MANAGEMENT Water Usage Methods of Water Storage Rainwater Collection & Storage Water Tanks Bore Water Farm Dams Livestock Water Requirements Water Quality Problems with Water Mosquitoes Willows and Waterways Algal Blooms Livestock Contamination Flood Water Quality Salinity Testing Water Salinity Treating Saline Water Management Options Long-term strategies Tastes and Odours Reed Beds Water Saving Measures Recycling Household Water Using Farm/Waste Water Water Wastage Evaporation Seepage Runoff Overspray Scheduling Recycling Waste Water Swales and Keylines Swales Keyline Design Irrigation Systems IRRIGATION SYSTEM DESIGN Steps in the Design Process MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES AND SCHEDULING Periodic Inspections Routine Upkeep Contingent Work Scheduling Work Surface or Flood Irrigation Border Check System Hillside Flooding Furrow Irrigation Sprinkler Irrigation a) Wind Velocity and Wetting Pattern b) Drop Size c) Rotational Speed d) Evaporation INNOVATIONS IN WATER MANAGEMENT AND PRECISION AGRICULTURE PROCEDURES AND SCHEDULING Chapter 5 PEST AND DISEASE CONTROL Use of Pesticides Pest Management and Systems Thinking Integrated Pest Management Biointensive Integrated Pest Management Pesticides: A Vicious Cycle Controlling Pests and Diseases in Plants CULTURAL CONTROLS PHYSICAL CONTROLS SPRAYS AND DUSTS Pesticides Fungicides Chemical Control of Pests and Diseases in Plants Insecticides Fungicides Chemical Application Techniques BIOLOGICAL CONTROLS Antagonistic Organisms Advantages of Bio-Control Methods Disadvantages of Biocontrol Methods Predators Attracting Parasites Beneficial Plants Trap or Decoy Plants COMPANION PLANTING Plants Which Affect the Soil Pest Control Plants LEGISLATION Chemical Use Quarantine Genetic Engineering Pest and Disease Control in Animals Chapter 6 SUSTAINABLE WEED CONTROL & CULTIVATION What is A Weed? Controlling Weeds Ways to Control Weeds without Chemicals Check Soil Condition Minimise Sources of Weed Seeds Cultivation Mulching Biological Weed Control Grazing Goats Other Grazing Animals Chemical Control of Weeds HERBICIDES Contact herbicides Woody weed herbicides Residual herbicides Pre-emergent herbicide Selective herbicides Herbicide Additives Plants Which Take Over Environmental Weeds Some Plants to Avoid Noxious Weeds Chapter 7 FARM MANAGEMENT Changing an Existing Farm to a Sustainable Property The Rodale Institute Conversion Experiment New Farm Products Pre-Planning CONSIDERATIONS Monitoring and Reviewing the Farm System Socioeconomic Considerations Profitability Social Aspects Production Planning Economy of Scale Materials Equipment Value Adding Organic Certification Schemes Contingencies and Seasonal Variations The Expected The Unexpected Types of Problems Planning For Drought Excessive Water What Other Planning Do I Need? Chapter 8 GROWING AND HARVESTING PLANTS Selection Criteria for Plants Grain and Other Broad Acre Crops Monoculture Crop rotation Row Crops Cover Crops Cover Crop Guidelines/Principles Legume Cover Crops Types of Cover Crops Ways of Using a Cover Crop Hay and Silage Silage Production Silage Timing Quality Control Hay Hydroponic Fodder Chapter 9 TREES, FODDER AND OTHER PLANTS Important Reasons for Having Trees on Farms Agroforestry Profitability Design Pruning/Thinning Harvesting Timber Trees Paulownia Pine Plantations Eucalyptus Acacia Fodder Trees Types of Trees Windbreaks Windbreak design considerations Windbreak Plants Firebreaks Fire-prone Areas How to Arrange Plants Maintenance of Firebreak Species Habitat Corridors for Wildlife Why create a wildlife corridor? Benefits of Wildlife Corridors Where to Establish Wildlife Corridors Types of Wildlife Corridors Wildlife Corridor Design Edge Effects Tree Planting Methods Preparing the site Planting seedlings Direct seeding Chapter 10 SUSTAINABLE ANIMAL MANAGEMENT Possible Problems of Livestock Production Breed Selection Stocking Rates Fencing Production Systems Land Care Practices Pastures Sustainable Pasture Varieties Saltbush How Much Grazing? How Long To Graze? Grazing Methods Other Areas for Grazing Guidelines for Raising Different Livestock ALPACAS AQUACULTURE (FRESHWATER) CATTLE EMUS GOATS HORSES OSTRICHES AND EMUS POULTRY (Chickens) PIGS SHEEP Chapter 11 TECHNOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS Introduction Precision Agriculture Machines and Tools Tractors Drones Wearable Technology Robotics Computer Technology Fertilisers and Soil Conditioners Seaweed Extracts Fish Fertilisers Rock Dusts Chemical Pesticides and Herbicides Soil Microbes New Plants & Animals Biotechnology & Sustainable Agriculture Modifying Organisms Genetically Cloning Problems for Biotechnology Nuclear and Isotopic Techniques Further reading and study More ebooks available Courses AVAILABLE