Sustainability in the Textile and Apparel Industries: Production Process Sustainability (Sustainable Textiles: Production, Processing, Manufacturing & Chemistry)

This book is part of a five-volume set that explores sustainability in textile industry practices globally. Case studies are provided that cover the theoretical and practical implications of sustainable textile issues, including environmental footprints of textile manufacturing, consumer behavior, eco-design in clothing and apparels, supply chain sustainability, the chemistry of textile manufacturing, waste management and textile economics. The set will be of interest to researchers, engineers, industrialists, R & D managers and students working in textile chemistry, economics, materials science, and sustainable consumption and production. This volume addresses the technologies and mechanical processes of textile production, and what sustainable methods can be employed to achieve improved safety and environmental health. The book covers sustainable aspects of printing, dyeing, coloration, weaving, knitting, tailoring, surface design and antimicrobial finishing for environmentally friendly textile and apparel products Preface Contents Printing with Sustainable Natural Dyes and Pigments 1 Introduction 2 History of Printing and Traditional Printing 2.1 Block Printing 2.2 Screen-Printing Technique 2.2.1 Printing with Dyes 2.2.2 Pigment Printing Technique 2.3 Innovative and Digital Printing Systems 2.4 Abrasion, Reserved Printing, and Special Printing Types 3 Conclusion References Sustainability in Textile Dyeing: Recent Developments 1 Introduction 1.1 Air Pollution 1.2 Water Pollution 1.2.1 Impact of Dyeing Wastewater Pollution on the Environment 1.2.2 Toxic Waste 2 Pollutants Associated with Dyeing Processes 3 Steps Toward Environmentally Friendly Processing 3.1 Use of Toxic and Nonbiodegradable Products 3.2 Enzyme-Assisted Dyeing 3.3 Continuous Dyeing 3.3.1 Pad Batch Dyeing 3.3.2 Padding with a Modified Trough Shape 3.3.3 The Counterflow Washing Principle 3.4 Natural Dyes 3.4.1 Biomordants 3.4.2 Popular Natural Dyes Turmeric Tea Henna 3.5 Plasma-Assisted Dyeing 3.6 Laser-Assisted Dyeing 3.7 Supercritical Carbon Dioxide–Based Dyeing 3.7.1 Dyeing of Textiles with Use of Supercritical CO2 3.8 Ultrasound-Assisted Wet Processing 3.8.1 The Glass Transition Temperature 3.9 Microwave-Assisted Dyeing 4 Conclusion and Future Scope References Ozone: An Alternative Oxidant for Textile Applications 1 Introduction 2 Ozone 2.1 Advantages of Ozone 3 Principles of Ozone Production 4 Measurements of Ozone 5 Ozone Usage in Industrial Applications 5.1 Ozone Applications in the Textile Industry 5.1.1 Denim Applications by Ozone 5.1.2 Cotton Pretreatment, Dyeing, and Finishing by Ozone 5.1.3 Polyester Dyeing and Clearing by Ozone 5.1.4 Ozone Treatment of Various Textile Fibers (Wool, Polylactic Acid, Etc.) 5.1.5 Textile Wastewater and Color Removal Treatment by Ozone 6 Conclusion References Innovative Technologies for Sustainable Textile Coloration, Patterning, and Surface Effects 1 Introduction 1.1 Overview 1.2 Methodology 2 Laser Processing 2.1 Laser Coloration and Surface Patterning: Fiber Modification 2.2 Laser Coloration and Surface Patterning: Dye Fixation 2.3 Laser Surface Texturing: Thermal Setting 3 Enzymatic Processing 3.1 Protease and Laccase 3.2 Coloration and Surface Patterning by Enzymatic Degradation 3.3 Enzymatic Surface Modification for Subsequent Coloration and Surface Patterning 3.4 Coloration and Surface Patterning by Enzymatic Polymerization 4 Summary and Conclusions 4.1 Key Sustainability Benefits of Laser Processing for Textile Design 4.2 Key Sustainability Benefits of Enzymatic Processing for Textile Design References Sustainable Finishing Process Using Natural Ingredients 1 Introduction 2 Roadmap of This Chapter 3 Bioprocessing of Textile Materials 4 Degumming of Silk 5 Plasma Treatment 5.1 Plasma Processing for Dyeing and Finishing 6 Anti-microbial Finish 7 UV Protection Finish 8 Flame-Retardant Finish 9 Sustainable Natural Green Flame Retardants for Cotton 10 Conclusion References Cellulose Textile Colouring with Clay Particles – An Enviro Safe Process 1 Introduction 2 The Dyeing Process 2.1 Process Optimisation 2.2 Testing 3 Results and Discussions 3.1 Selection of Fixing Agent and Mordant by Evaluating Colour Strength 3.2 Fastness Assessment 3.2.1 Wash Fastness Testing 3.2.2 Rubbing Fastness 3.2.3 Light Fastness 3.2.4 Perspiration Fastness 3.3 Optimum Parameter 4 Fabric Production and Garmenting 5 Conclusions References Sustainability in Dyeing and Finishing 1 Introduction 2 Evolution of Textile Industry 3 Overall Process Involved in the Textile Industry 4 Dyeing and the Finishing Sector 5 Sustainability in Dyeing and Finishing Process 6 Various Strategies of Sustainability in the Dyeing and Finishing Process 7 Solvent Dyeing 8 Zero Discharge Dyeing 9 Sustainable Flame Retardants 10 Irradiation Technologies 11 Plasma Technology 12 Sustainable UV Technology 13 Implementation of Nanotechnology 14 Energy Production 15 Conclusion and Future Perspectives References Sustainable Textile Processing with Zero Water Utilization Using Super Critical Carbon Dioxide Technology 1 Introduction 1.1 The Importance of Water 1.2 The Status of Water in the World 1.3 The Usage of Water in the Textile Industry 2 Sustainability 3 What Is Supercritical Fluid? 3.1 Mass-Transfer Processes 3.2 Phase-Transition Processes 3.3 Reactive Systems 3.4 Materials-Related Processes 3.5 Supercritical Carbon Dioxide 4 The Application Areas of scCO2 4.1 Pretreatment Applications by Utilizing scCO2 4.2 Dyeing Process by Utilizing scCO2 (Waterless Dyeing) 4.3 Finishing Processes by Utilizing scCO2 5 Commercial Developments About scCO2 Usage in the Textile Industry 6 Conclusion References Sustainability in the Spinning Process 1 Introduction 2 Evolution of the Textile Industry 3 Spinning Process in the Textile Industry 4 Types of Spinning Processes 4.1 Ring Spinning 4.2 Rotor Spinning 4.3 Air-Jet Spinning 5 Process of Yarn Production 6 Sustainability in the Textile Industry 7 Various Sustainable Strategies in Textile Spinning 8 Innovative Approaches 9 Conclusion and Future Perspectives References Index This Book Is Part Of A Five-volume Series That Explores Sustainability In Textile Industry Practices Globally. Case Studies Are Provided That Cover The Theoretical And Practical Implications Of Sustainable Textile Issues, Including Environmental Footprints Of Textile Manufacturing, Consumer Behavior, Eco-design In Clothing And Apparels, Supply Chain Sustainability, The Chemistry Of Textile Manufacturing, Waste Management And Textile Economics. The Series Will Be Of Interest To Researchers, Engineers, Industrialists, R&d Managers And Students Working In Textile Chemistry, Economics, Materials Science, And Sustainable Consumption And Production. This Volume Addresses The Technologies And Mechanical Processes Of Textile Production, And What Sustainable Methods Can Be Employed To Achieve Improved Safety And Environmental Health. The Book Covers Sustainable Aspects Of Printing, Dyeing, Coloration, Weaving, Knitting, Tailoring, Surface Design And Antimicrobial Finishing For Environmentally Friendly Textile And Apparel Products.