Sustainability in the Built Environment in the 21st Century: Lessons Learned from India and the Region (Environmental Science and Engineering)

This book follows on previous works addressing sustainable development research in the Asia-Pacific region. It mainly focuses on India, a country currently facing immense challenges in the form of climate change, rapid urbanisation, and population pressures in its journey to help achieve the Sustainable Development Goals. Expecting to surpass China in terms of population in the near future, India needs to develop its own solutions in order to uphold its commitments under the Paris Agreement. This book makes a contribution in that direction by presenting case studies on various aspects of the built environment, from education to managing cities, procurement, and considerations for a circular economy. The papers gathered here offer a vital resource for government policymakers, educators, and current and future professionals, equipping them with the knowledge and expertise they need in order to overcome today’s complex challenges in the built environment. Preface Reference Acknowledgements Contents 1 Bridging the Gap Between Industry and Academia: The Case of Indonesia 1.1 Background 1.2 Education in Indonesia 1.3 Architecture Programs and Indonesia 1.4 The Workshop 1.4.1 Workshop Design 1.4.2 Workshop Outcomes 1.4.3 Workshop Evaluation 1.5 Discussions 1.6 Conclusions References 2 Evaluating Architectural Design Schemes for Anganwadi Centre in Ajjarkad, Karnataka, India by Architectural Students Through Community Participatory Methods 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Literature Review 2.2.1 Current Scenario and the Need for Community Centered Design Approaches in AWCs 2.2.2 Understanding the Concept of India’s Anganwadi Centres (AWC): Facilities for Infants that Serve Rural and Urban Communities Alike 2.2.3 Literature Surrounding Community Participation in Design 2.2.4 Lessons Learnt from ‘The TAP” Project in Ahmedabad 2.3 Methodology 2.3.1 Intercultural Dialogue Through Design (iDiDe) Community Design Methodology 2.3.2 Evaluation of iDiDe Anganwadi Design Concepts 2.4 Findings and Discussion 2.5 Conclusion References 3 Parameters for Quantitative Evaluation of Non-structured Sustainable Strategies for the Management of Water in Urban Area 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Issues Related to Water Management in Urban Areas 3.3 Urban Water Management Systems 3.4 Study of Water Management Systems Around the Globe 3.4.1 Low Impact Development (LID) and Low Impact Urban Design and Development (LIUDD—1977) 3.4.2 Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD—1990) 3.4.3 Integrated Urban Water Management (IUWM—1981) 3.4.4 Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems (SUDS) or Sustainable Drainage Systems (Late 1980s) 3.4.5 Best Management Practices (BMPs—2011) 3.4.6 Alternative Techniques (ATs—1980) or Compensatory Techniques (CTs) 3.5 Sustainable Water Management Strategy 3.5.1 Rainwater Harvesting 3.5.2 Detention and Infiltration 3.5.3 Conveyance 3.5.4 De-centralised Management Systems 3.5.5 Evapo-Transpiration 3.5.6 Techniques Used for Water Management and Evaluation Parameters 3.5.7 Bio Retention 3.5.8 Urban Design Implication 3.6 Parameters for Evaluation 3.6.1 Rooftop Retention (Green Roof System) 3.6.2 Permeable Paving 3.6.3 Infiltration Zones and Trenches 3.7 Selections of Tools to Form a Strategy for the Management of Water 3.7.1 The Estimation of Demand Supply Gap on Various Levels 3.7.2 The Quantitative Water Management 3.7.3 Location Identification for the Specific Site to Aspects of Strategy Needs to Be Implemented on the Assigned Context 3.7.4 Place Making Strategies on the Identified Site 3.7.5 After Impact Evaluation 3.7.6 Application of Strategies on Different Scales 3.8 Conclusions References 4 Role of Building Design in Sustainable Green Development: A Review 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Relationship Between Sustainable Green Development and Energy Efficient Design 4.3 Optimization Methods and Simulation Techniques 4.4 Studies on Understanding Building Design and Its Role 4.5 Effect of Properties of Design on Energy Efficiency 4.6 Conclusion References 5 Integrating Occupant Behaviour in Thermal Comfort Assessment of Low-Income Dwellings 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Study Area 5.3 Research Methods 5.3.1 Household Survey 5.3.2 Simulation Approach 5.3.3 Thermal Comfort Assessment Method 5.4 Results and Discussion 5.4.1 Selection of Commonly Practiced Adaptive Actions for Thermal Comfort 5.4.2 Development of Cases for Simulation 5.4.3 Thermal Comfort Assessment 5.5 Conclusion References 6 Sustainable Infrastructure Planning by Using Carrying Capacity Assessment in Gwalior City 6.1 Introduction 6.1.1 Carrying Capacity and Infrastructure Planning 6.1.2 Carrying Capacity and Sustainable Development 6.1.3 Gwalior City 6.2 Literature Review 6.3 Method and Calculation 6.4 Result and Discussion 6.5 Conclusions References 7 Importance of Developing Guidelines for Built Environment of Anganwadis and Its Influence Towards Meeting Sustainable Development Goals 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Methodology 7.3 Climate Study 7.4 Reference Building 7.5 Simulation and Results 7.5.1 Simulation by Rotating the Reference Building 7.6 Discussions 7.7 Conclusion References 8 Sustainable Banking—Scale Development and Validation 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Sustainable Banking and Dimensions—Literature Review 8.2.1 Brief Description of the Dimensions 8.3 Objectives 8.4 Methodology 8.5 Analysis and Interpretation 8.5.1 Demographics of the Respondents 8.5.2 Exploratory Factor Analysis 8.5.3 Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) 8.6 Discussion 8.7 Conclusion and Recommendations 8.8 Limitations and Future Research Directions References 9 Sustainable City Planning and Management Strategies in Vernacular Settlement Patterns in Sri Lanka 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Sustainability and Vernacular Settlements 9.3 Methodology 9.4 Analysis 9.5 Results and Discussion 9.5.1 Village Planning and Management 9.5.2 Sustainable Site Selection 9.5.3 Water Efficiency and Hydraulic Structures 9.5.4 Sustainable Architecture and Features of Settlements 9.5.5 Green Material Usage 9.5.6 Co-existence with Nature and Culture 9.6 Recommendations 9.7 Conclusions Annexure: Interview Guide References 10 Sociability—A Precursor to Social Sustainability 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Social Sustainability 10.3 Public Realm 10.4 Sociability and the Public Realm 10.5 Sociability and Social Sustainability 10.6 Conclusion References 11 Assessment of Urban Quality of Life in Built Environment: A Case of Delhi 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Review on the Concept of Urbanization, Built Environment and Quality of Life 11.3 Cities—Quality of Life Indicators/Ranking 11.3.1 Better Life Index—OECD 11.3.2 World Health Organization—Quality of Life 11.3.3 Confederation of Indian Industry—Liveability Index 11.3.4 Economist Intelligent Unit (EIU)—The Global Liveability Index 11.3.5 Quality of Living Index—MERCER 11.3.6 Most Liveable City Index—MONOCLE 11.3.7 Urban Quality of Life: Delhi 11.4 Overview—MPD 62, MPD 2001, MPD 2021 11.5 Results and Discussion 11.6 Conclusion References 12 Smart Cities in India: Linkages with Circular Economy 12.1 Introduction 12.2 Sustainable Development Goals and Circular Economy 12.2.1 Sustainable Development Goals 12.2.2 Circular Economy 12.2.3 ReSOLVE Framework 12.3 Circular Economy in the Smart Cities Mission of India 12.4 Opportunities for CE in Cities 12.5 Circular Economy’s Opportunities in India (Council 2019) 12.5.1 Cities and Construction 12.5.2 Food and Agriculture 12.5.3 Mobility and Vehicle Manufacturing 12.6 Recommendations for a Rapid Transition to a Circular Economy 12.6.1 Innovation 12.6.2 Strong Management 12.6.3 Economic Viability 12.6.4 Recycling Plastics by Private-System Operators 12.6.5 Reuse 12.6.6 Transparency 12.6.7 Ethics 12.6.8 Governance 12.6.9 Collaboration 12.6.10 Standardization 12.7 Conclusion References 13 Impact of Building Materials on Heating and Cooling Loads for Social Housing in India 13.1 Introduction 13.2 Objective 13.3 Methodology 13.4 Typical Building Typology 13.5 Climatic Variations 13.6 Base Case Conditions 13.7 Cooling Systems 13.7.1 Natural Ventilation and Ceiling Fan 13.7.2 Air Conditioners 13.8 Parametric Tests 13.9 Results 13.9.1 Parametric Tests 13.9.2 Funding 13.10 Conclusion References 14 Strengthening Sustainability in Sri Lankan Construction Industry: Through Corporate Social Responsibility 14.1 Introduction 14.2 Literature Review 14.3 Methodology 14.4 Discussion 14.4.1 Business Process 14.4.2 Business Environment 14.4.3 Philanthropic 14.5 Conclusions References 15 How a Little Design Project Means a Lot to a Community: Lessons Learnt from the Power of Partnerships in the Design of Anganwadi in Ajjarkad, Karnataka, India 15.1 Introduction 15.2 iDiDe (Intercultural Dialogue Through Design): A Platform of Global Education for Humanity and Premise of Social Responsibility Within the United Nation’s Charter 15.3 Sustainable Built Environment Education Platform—The iDiDe Programme 15.4 Partnerships and Stakeholders Involved in the Project 15.5 The Context: The Typical Anganwadi 15.6 Engagement with Anganwadi Community Stakeholders in the Design Workshop 15.7 Student Reflections Upon Learning Experiences 15.8 Reflection Upon Lessons Learnt 15.9 Discussion and Conclusion References 16 Correction to: Sustainable Banking—Scale Development and Validation Correction to: Chapter 8 in: U. Iyer-Raniga (ed.), Sustainability in the Built Environment in the 21st Century: Lessons Learned from India and the Region, Environmental Science and Engineering, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61891-98