Sulphur Dioxide And Nitrogen Oxides In Industrial Waste Gases: Emission, Legislation And Abatement (eurocourses: Chemical And Environmental Science)

D. VAN VELZEN Commission of the European Communities, Joint Research Centre Ispra, Environment Institute, 1-21020 Ispra (Varese) ITAL Y 1. Introduction Worldwide, there is an ever increasing interest and concern about the destructive effects of air pollution on man's ecosystem. The growing awareness of these effects has revealed the need to take adequate measures to minimize the emission of air polluting products. The two most important contaminants, occurring in the largest concentrations and quantities, are sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides. Both pollutants are formed mainly during the combustion of fossil fuels, particularly by power stations and traffic. The effects of air pollution caused by these two contaminants have already been studied for several decades and measures to protect the environment against their adverse effects are now operative in many countries. The present volume contains the proceedings of a Eurocourse held in Ispra in September 1990. The course was meant to give an overview of present knowledge concerning the emission sources and quantities, to cover features of present legislation and to give a survey of the most important modern abatement techniques for S02 and NOx. It was mainly addressed to higher and medium management in the power, chemical and similar industries, particularly from those countries where the fight against air pollution is still in its infancy. Obviously, it was not possible to cover completely the whole range of subjects during the limited duration of a Eurocourse. Front Matter....Pages i-viii Preface and Course Introduction....Pages 1-7 Emission Sources and Quantities....Pages 9-22 Atmospheric Chemistry of Sulphur Dioxide and Nitrogen Oxides....Pages 23-46 Dispersion and Transport of Atmospheric Pollutants....Pages 47-71 Control of Air Pollution....Pages 73-92 Desulfurization of Flue Gases on the Basis of Lime or Limestone Scrubbing....Pages 93-109 The Wellman Lord Process....Pages 111-137 ISPRA MARK 13A Desulphurization Process....Pages 139-156 BF/UHDE/MITSUI-Active Coke Process for Simultaneous SO 2 - and NO x -Removal....Pages 157-166 Walther Process....Pages 167-181 EBDS-Process....Pages 183-203 Primary Measures for NO x Reduction....Pages 205-221 High and Low Dust SCR Processes....Pages 223-234 Costs of Desulphurisation and Denoxing....Pages 235-261 Situation in the United States and Japan....Pages 263-281