Sufism in Eighteenth-Century India: Muḥammad Nāṣir ʿAndalīb’s Lament of the Nightingale and Ṭarīqa-yi Khāliṣ Muḥammadiyya (Routledge Sufi Series)

Sufism in Eighteenth-Century India focuses on one particular treasure from surviving Persian manuscripts in India, Nāla-yi ʿAndalīb , written by Muḥammad Nāṣir ʿAndalīb (d. 1759), a Naqshbandī Mujaddidī mystical thinker. It explores the convergence and interrelation of the text with its context to find how ʿAndalīb revisits the central role of the Prophet as the main protagonist in his allegorical love story with great attention to the circumstances of the Muslim community during the eighteenth century. The present volume elucidates ʿAndalīb’s Sufism calling for a return to the pristine form of Islam and the idealization of the first Muslim community. It considers his Ṭarīqa-yi Khāliṣ Muḥammadiyya as a derivation of the Ṭarīqa-yi Muḥammadiyya, which had an important role in promoting Islam. The book attempts to clarify and systematize all of the concepts which ʿAndalīb employs within the framework of the Khāliṣ Muḥammadiyya, such as the state of the nāṣir and the Khāliṣ Muḥammadī. It addresses controversial topics in religion, such as the struggles between Shiʿa and Sunni Muslims, and the controversies between Shuhūdīs and Wujūdīs. It illuminates two key personalities, Abū Bakr al-Ṣiddīq and ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib, and two types of relationships, the maʿiyya and ʿayniyya, with the spirituality of the Prophet. The book will be of interest to scholars and students interested in Islamic studies, Islamic mysticism, the intellectual history of Muslims in South Asia, the history of the Mughal Empire, Persian literature, studies of manuscripts, Islamic philosophy, comparative studies of religions, social studies, anthropology, and debates concerning the eighteenth century, such as the transition from pre-colonialism to colonialism and the origins of modernity in Islam. Cover Endorsement Half Title Series Information Title Page Copyright Page Dedication Table of Contents Figures Tables Acknowledgments Notes on Transliteration and Abbreviations Abbreviations Introduction Returning to a Pristine Islam From a Mystical Perspective in the Eighteenth Century Nāla-yi ʿAndalīb, Publication and Manuscripts Organization of the Book Notes 1 Muḥammad Nāṣir ʿAndalīb’s Life and Works ʿAndalīb’s Family and Background Born Into a Naqshbandī Mujaddidī Family An Al-Ḥasan Uwaysī Sufi A Devotee of Sufism A Mujaddidī-Khāliṣ Muḥammadī Master Legendary Accounts of a Guide On the Path of Allāh ʿAndalīb as the Author of Nāla-Yi ʿAndalīb Origins of Nāla-Yi ʿAndalīb Themes and Audiences Persian: A Comprehensive Vehicle of Expression for ʿAndalīb’s Thought Genre and Literary Style Value in the Eyes of ʿAndalīb, His Successors and Modern Academia Relationship Between Nāla-Yi ʿAndalīb and Risāla-Yi Hūsh Afzā Notes Bibliography 2 Narratives: Doorways Into ʿAndalīb’s Mystical World Synopsis of Nāla-Yi ʿAndalīb Reign of ʿArsh Āshiyān (Mihr Jahāngīr’s Grandfather) Reign of King Falak Qadr (Mihr Jahāngīr’s Father), Mihr Jahāngīr’s Birth and Childhood Mihr Jahāngīr in the Love-Increasing Garden Mihr Jahāngīr at Consciousness-Snatcher Mountain Travel to Iran The Narration of Didactic Stories The Legend of Farrukh Fāl and Shāh Shujāʾ The Story of Shīr Zan-I Āhū Shikār Farrukh Fāl’s Falling in Love The Journey of Shāh Shujāʾ to Hindustan Tājir-i Ṣādiq at Court The Legend of Ḥusn and ʿIshq The Legend of the Spell-Breaking Jewel Travel to Arabia The Legend of the Dervish Ganj Asrār The Nightingale’s Companions The Rose After Missing the Nightingale The Journey of Māh Munīr to Hindustan Travel to Hindustan Meetings Between the Rose Disguised as Shāh-I Shāhān and the Nightingale The Legend of Ghulām-I Khākī Union of the Nightingale and the Rose The Story of Sulṭān and Kanīz The Nightingale as the Closest Servant Travel to Arabia Travel to Hindustan The Nightingale’s Successors The Nightingale’s Lament: The Meaning Behind the Narrative The Nightingale as Mihr Jahāngīr The Nightingale and the Rose as Lover and Beloved The Nightingale as the Prophet Muḥammad, the King of Lovers The Lament, the Love Story and Travel On the Path of Love Notes Bibliography Muḥammad Nāṣir ʿAndalīb’s Ṭarīqa- yi Khāliṣ Muḥammadiyya Origin and Principles of the Khāliṣ Muhammadiyya Al-Ḥasan B. ʿAlī in ʿAndalīb’s Vision Establishment of the Ṭarīqa-Yi Khāliṣ Muḥammadiyya The Straight Path The People of the Path Nāṣir (“Helper”) Khāliṣ Muḥammadī (“Sincere Muhammadans”) The Mahdī and the Khāliṣ Muḥammadī Mystical Prophetology in the Khāliṣ Muḥammadiyya The Importance of the Prophetic Sunna Theosophical Prophetology and the Light of Muḥammad The Seed of Creation The Perfect Man Annihilation in the Prophet The Theories of Maʿiyya and ʿAyniyya Reorientation of Sufism: The Critical View of the Khāliṣ Muḥammadiyya Declining Mughals and Critique of Sufis Perspective On the Struggle Between Wujūdīs and Shuhūdīs Criticism Toward the People of Talwīn and Tamkīn Criticism Toward Polytheism and Innovations On the Path Criticism Toward the Superiority of Sainthood Criticism of the Shaykh-Disciple Relationship Criticism of Otherworldly Sufism and Quietism Criticism of Sufi Involvement With Theological and Jurisprudential Debates Khāliṣ Muḥammadīs: Inhabitants of Sacred India The Legend of Ghulām Khākī The Manifestation of the Muḥammadan Reality and India Sacredness of India and the Eighteenth-Century Muslim Community Notes Bibliography Epilogue Notes Bibliography Appendices: Appendix 1: Summarized Table of Contents of Nāla-Yi ʿAndalīb Volume 1 Volume 2 Appendix 2 Detailed Table of Contents of Nāla-Yi ʿAndalīb Volume 1 Volume 2 Index Sufism in Eighteenth-Century India' focuses on one particular treasure from surviving Persian manuscripts in India, Nala-yi Andalib, written by Muhammad Nasir Andalib (d. 1759), a Naqshbandi Mujaddidi mystical thinker. It explores the convergence and interrelation of the text with its context to find how Andalib revisits the central role of the Prophet as the main protagonist in his allegorical love story with great attention to the circumstances of the Muslim community during the eighteenth century. The present volume elucidates Andalib?s Sufism calling for a return to the pristine form of Islam and the idealization of the first Muslim community. It considers his Tariqa-yi Khalis Muhammadiyya as a derivation of the ?ariqa-yi Muhammadiyya, which had an important role in promoting Islam. The book attempts to clarify and systematize all of the concepts which Andalib employs within the framework of the Khalis Muhammadiyya, such as the state of the nasir and the Khalis Muhammadi. It addresses controversial topics in religion, such as the struggles between Shi?a and Sunni Muslims, and the controversies between Shuh?d?s and Wuj?d?s. It illuminates two key personalities, Abu Bakr al-Siddiq and Ali b. Abi Talib, and two types of relationships, the ma?iyya and ayniyya, with the spirituality of the Prophet. The book will be of interest to scholars and students interested in Islamic studies, Islamic mysticism, the intellectual history of Muslims in South Asia, the history of the Mughal Empire, Persian literature, studies of manuscripts, Islamic philosophy, comparative studies of religions, social studies, anthropology, and debates concerning the eighteenth century, such as the transition from pre-colonialism to colonialism and the origins of modernity in Islam "This book explores the convergence and interrelation of the text of with its context. It considers the development of the notion of the as an intellectual achievement in the history of ideas in Islam generally and also as an important part of Sufism in South Asia"-- Provided by publisher