[Studyguide for Human Genetics and Society by Yashon, Ronnee, ISBN 9780495114253] (By: Cram101 Textbook Reviews) [published: November, 2010]

extremely Student-friendly And Completely Relevant, Human Genetics And Society, First Edition, Makes The Basic Concepts And Processes Of Genetics Real By Addressing Issues That Relate Directly To Your Life, Enabling You To Make Informed Decisions. Fully Integrating Science And Social Issues, The Text Presents The Basics Of Human Genetics In The Context Of The Issues That Result From The Flood Of Products, Services, And Techniques Developed From Genetic Knowledge. It Challenges You To Think Critically In Your Personal And Professional Decisions With Regard To Genetics. Written For The Nonscience Major, The Text Presumes No Prior Biology Instruction. Clear And Accessible, It Doesn't Get Bogged Down In Complicated Scientific And Quantitative Details But Does Provide A Wide Array Of Examples, Case Studies, And Applications To Personal And Social Concerns. Its Emphasis On Relevant Issues Equips You With The Tools And Knowledge To Make Informed Decisions Related To Your Health As Well As Public Policy. You Also Learn How To Recognize Genetic Disorders And Become Familiar With Their Causes And Patterns Of Inheritance. Less Rigorous Than Texts Designed For Science Majors, Human Genetics And Society, First Edition, Is Conceptually Driven And Provides Case Studies And Readings That Focus On Issues. Front Cover Title Page Copyright Page Dedication Page About the Authors Brief Contents Contents Preface Preview: Genetics in Your Life Biology Basics: Cells and Cell Structure BB1.1: Why are cells important in human genetics? BB1.2: How is the cell organized? BB1.3: What does the plasma membrane do? BB1.4: What is in the cytoplasm? Chapter 1: Sex and Development 1.1: How Is the Sex of a Child Determined? 1.2: How Does a Baby Develop from Fertilization to Birth? 1.3: What Are the Stages of Sex Development? 1.4: What are the Legal and Ethical Issues Associated with Sex Determination? KEY TERMS REVIEW QUESTIONS APPLICATION QUESTIONS ONLINE RESOURCES Chapter 2: Assisted Reproductive Technology 2.1: How Are Sperm and Eggs Made? 2.2: What Organs Make Up the Male Reproductive System? 2.3: What Organs Make Up the Female Reproductive System? 2.4: Is Infertility a Common Problem? 2.5: How Do Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART) Help with Infertility Problems? 2.6: What Are the Legal and Ethical Issues Associated with ART? KEY TERMS ONLINE RESOURCES REVIEW QUESTIONS APPLICATION QUESTIONS Chapter 3: Changes in Chromosome Number 3.1: What Is a Chromosome? 3.2: What Can Cause Changes in the Number of Chromosomes? 3.3: Can We Identify Chromosomal Abnormalities in a Fetus? 3.4: What Are the Effects of Monosomy and Trisomy? 3.5: Is There a Way to Evaluate Genetic Risks? 3.6: What Are the Legal and Ethical Issues Associated with Chromosomal Abnormalities? KEY TERMS ONLINE RESOURCES REVIEW QUESTIONS APPLICATION QUESTIONS Chapter 4: How Genes Are Transmitted from Generation to Generation 4.1: How Are Genes Transmitted from Parents to Offspring? 4.2: What Can We Learn from Examining Human Pedigrees? 4.3: How Are X-Linked Recessive Traits Inherited? 4.4: What are the Legal and Ethical Issues Associated with Dominant and Recessive Genetic Conditions? KEY TERMS ONLINE RESOURCES REVIEW QUESTIONS APPLICATION QUESTIONS Biology Basics: DNA BB2.1: What is the evidence that DNA carries genetic information? BB2.2: What are the chemical subunits of DNA? BB2.3: How are DNA molecules organized? BB2.4: How is DNA organized in a chromosome? BB2.5: How are RNA molecules organized? BB2.6: How is genetic information carried in a DNA molecule? BB2.7: What are the two main functions of DNA? BB2.8: How is DNA replicated? Chapter 5: Genes as DNA: How Genes Encode Proteins 5.1: How Do Genes Control Traits? 5.2: What Happens in Transcription, the First Step of Information Transfer? 5.3: What Happens in Translation, the Second Step of Information Transfer? 5.4: Does a Cell Have Ways of Turning Genes On and Off? 5.5: What Is a Mutation and How Does a Gene Mutate? 5.6: How Does an Altered Gene Cause a Genetic Disorder? 5.7: How Are Other Single-Gene Defects Caused? 5.8: What Are the Legal and Ethical Issues? KEY TERMS REVIEW QUESTIONS APPLICATION QUESTIONS ONLINE RESOURCES Chapter 6: Biotechnology 6.1: What Is Biotechnology? 6.2: What Is Recombinant DNA Technology? 6.3: How Is Biotechnology Used to Make Other Transgenic Plants and Animals? 6.4: Are Transgenic Organisms Safe? 6.5: Can Transgenic Organisms Be Used to Study Human Diseases? 6.6: What Are the Legal and Ethical Issues Associated with Biotechnology? KEY TERMS REVIEW QUESTIONS APPLICATION QUESTIONS ONLINE RESOURCES Chapter 7: Genetic Testing and Prenatal Diagnosis 7.1: What Is Genetic Testing? 7.2: Why Is Prenatal Genetic Testing Done? 7.3: How Are Fetal Cells Analyzed? 7.4: How Can Prenatal Tests Diagnose Phenylketonuria (PKU)? 7.5: Can Adults Be Tested for Genetic Conditions? 7.6: What Is a Genetic Screening Program? 7.7: Can Any Genetic Conditions Be Treated? 7.8: What Are the Legal and Ethical Issues Associated with Genetic Testing? KEY TERMS ONLINE RESOURCES REVIEW QUESTIONS APPLICATION QUESTIONS Chapter 8: DNA Forensics 8.1: How Is DNA Tested? 8.2: What Is a DNA Profile? 8.3: When Did DNA Forensics Enter the U.S. Courts? 8.4: What Are Some Other Uses for DNA Profiles? 8.5: What Are the Legal and Ethical Issues Associated with DNA Forensics? KEY TERMS ONLINE RESOURCES REVIEW QUESTIONS APPLICATION QUESTIONS Chapter 9: The Human Genome Project 9.1: What Are the Goals of the Human Genome Project? 9.2: What Is Gene Mapping? 9.3: How Are Whole Genomes Sequenced? 9.4: What Have We Learned about the Human Genome? 9.5: How Can Information from the Human Genome Project Be Used? 9.6: What Is the Future of Genome Sequencing? 9.7: Is Gene Therapy Part of the Human Genome Project’s Future? 9.8: What Are the Legal and Ethical Issues Associated with the Human Genome Project? KEY TERMS ONLINE RESOURCES REVIEW QUESTIONS APPLICATION QUESTIONS Biology Basics: Genes, Populations, and the Environment BB3.1: How do genes and the environment interact? BB3.2: Does genetics affect our perception of and response to the environment? BB3.3: Are there population variations in responses to drugs and medicines? BB3.4: What is the relationship between cancer and the environment? BB3.5: Is there a relationship between genetics and cancer therapy? BB3.6: How is behavior affected by the interaction of genes and the environment? BB3.7: How do environmental factors and genes interact with the immune system? BB3.8: How does the environment affect where and how often a genetic disorder occurs? Chapter 10: Polygenic and Multifactorial Inheritance 10.1: What Is a Polygenic Trait? 10.2: What Is a Multifactorial Trait? 10.3: What Is Spina Bifida? 10.4: What Are Some Other Multifactorial Traits? 10.5: What are the Legal and Ethical Issues Related to Multifactorial Traits? KEY TERMS REVIEW QUESTIONS APPLICATION QUESTIONS ONLINE RESOURCES Chapter 11: Cancer and the Cell Cycle 11.1: What Is Cancer? 11.2: How Are Genes Involved with Cancer? 11.3: What Is the Cell Cycle? 11.4: How Does a Woman Develop Breast Cancer? 11.5: What Are the Other Genetic Causes of Cancer? 11.6: What Is the Relationship between the Environment and Cancer? 11.7: What Are the Legal and Ethical Issues Associated with Cancer? KEY TERMS REVIEW QUESTIONS APPLICATION QUESTIONS ONLINE RESOURCES Chapter 12: Behavior 12.1: How Is Behavior Defined? 12.2: How Does the Body Work to Cause Behavior? 12.3: How Can Changes in Genes Cause Changes in Behavior? 12.4: How Do We Study the Genetics of Behavior? 12.5: Can a Single-Gene Defect Cause Aggressive Behavior? 12.6: What Are the Legal and Ethical Issues Associated with Behavior? KEY TERMS REVIEW QUESTIONS APPLICATION QUESTIONS ONLINE RESOURCES Chapter 13: Blood Types, Organ Transplants, and HIV 13.1: What Does the Immune System Do? 13.2: How Does Transplantation of Organs or Tissues Affect the Immune System? 13.3: What Are Blood Types? 13.4: How Are HIV Infection and AIDS Related to the Immune System? 13.5: How Are Allergies Related to the Immune System? 13.6: What Are the Legal and Ethical Issues Associated with Organ Donation? KEY TERMS REVIEW QUESTIONS APPLICATION QUESTIONS ONLINE RESOURCES Chapter 14: Genetics and Populations 14.1: Why Do Geneticists Study Populations? 14.2: What Other Genetic Disorders Are Present at High Frequencies in Specific Populations? 14.3: What Other Populations Have Specific Genetic Traits in Common? 14.4: Do Environmental Conditions Change the Frequency of Genetic Traits in Populations? 14.5: How Can We Measure the Frequency of Alleles in a Population? 14.6: What Are the Legal and Ethical Issues Associated with Population Genetics? KEY TERMS REVIEW QUESTIONS APPLICATION QUESTIONS ONLINE RESOURCES Chapter 15: A Different World: The Past, Present, and Future of Human Genetics 15.1: What Can We Learn from the Past? 15.2: What Are Some of the Newest Technologies of the Present? 15.3: What Is in Store for the Future? KEY TERMS Appendix: Want to Learn More? Glossary Index Presents the basics of human genetics in the context of the issues that result from the flood of products, services, and techniques developed from genetic knowledge. This book emphasizes on relevant issues that equip you with the tools and knowledge to make informed decisions related to your health as well as public policy.