Structure and dynamics of elliptical galaxies : proceedings of the 127th Symposium of the International Astronomical Union, held at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, USA, May 27-31, 1986

IAU Symposium 127 was held in Princeton on May 28-31, 1986, at the Institute for Advanced Study. There were 150 participants from 19 countries. This was the first IAU Symposium devoted exclusively to elliptical galaxies. The last decade has been a period of exceptionally rapid progress regard­ ing our understanding of elliptical galaxies, driven on the observational side by a wealth of new photometric and spectroscopic data, and on the theoretical side by the recognition that ellipticals are slowly rotating triaxial systems, instead of rotationally flattened bodies. The 30 invited speakers reviewed all aspects of this progress, its consequences, and the major outstanding problems. Nearly 80 poster contributions were displayed for the duration of the meeting. These contained many of the most recent developments. The first part of these Proceedings contains the written versions of the invited reviews and the summary, in the order of their presentation. The accompanying discussions are based on the written versions of questions and answers as handed in by the participants. The second part of this book is devoted to the poster contribu­ tions. They have been grouped in a thematic order, proceeding from morphology to theory. Indices of objects, subjects, and names are provided. Unfortunately, none of the invited participants from the USSR were able to attend the Symposium. The Proceedings include the written versions of the planned contributions by Popov and Polyachenko. Front Matter....Pages i-xiii Front Matter....Pages 1-1 General Historical Introduction....Pages 3-16 Cores of Early-Type Galaxies....Pages 17-36 Isophote Shapes....Pages 37-46 Distribution of Light: Outer Regions....Pages 47-62 The Stellar Kinematics of Elliptical Galaxies....Pages 63-78 The Manifold of Elliptical Galaxies....Pages 79-88 Properties of cD Galaxies....Pages 89-98 Compact Elliptical Galaxies....Pages 99-108 Dust and Gas: Overview....Pages 109-124 Ionized Gas in Elliptical Galaxies....Pages 125-134 Properties of Elliptical Galaxies with Dust Lanes....Pages 135-144 The Cold Interstellar Medium in Elliptical Galaxies - Observations of HI and Radio Continuum Emission....Pages 145-154 X-Rays from Elliptical Galaxies....Pages 155-166 Star Formation in Cooling Flows....Pages 167-178 Mass Distributions in Elliptical Galaxies at Large Radii....Pages 179-188 Line-Strength Gradients in Early-Type Galaxies....Pages 189-202 Population Synthesis of Composite Systems....Pages 203-216 The Intrinsic Shapes of Elliptical Galaxies....Pages 217-228 Orbits....Pages 229-240 Dynamics in the Centres of Triaxial Elliptical Galaxies....Pages 241-248 Front Matter....Pages 1-1 Shells and the Potential Wells of Elliptical Galaxies....Pages 249-260 Spherical Galaxies: Methods and Models....Pages 261-270 Dynamical Models for Axisymmetric and Triaxial Galaxies....Pages 271-290 N-Body Simulations of Elliptical Galaxies....Pages 291-300 Stability of Elliptical Galaxies. Theoretical Aspects....Pages 301-314 Stability of Elliptical Galaxies. Numerical Experiments....Pages 315-330 Formation and Secular Evolution of Elliptical Galaxies....Pages 331-338 Dissipationless Formation of Elliptical Galaxies....Pages 339-352 Dissipation and the Formation of Galaxies....Pages 353-366 Summary....Pages 367-374 Front Matter....Pages 375-375 Morphological Properties of Elliptical Galaxies....Pages 377-378 Correlations between r 1/4 -Law Parameters for Bulges and Elliptical Galaxies....Pages 379-380 The Core Properties of Elliptical Galaxies....Pages 381-382 Surface Photometry of Bright Ellipticals....Pages 383-384 Isophotometry of Brightest Cluster Ellipticals....Pages 385-386 Investigating the Scatter in the V 26 − log σ Relation....Pages 387-388 On the Relation between Radius, Luminosity and Surface Brightness in Elliptical Galaxies....Pages 389-390 The Isophotal Structure of Elliptical Galaxies....Pages 391-392 Parent Structures in E and SO Galaxies ?....Pages 393-394 Intrinsic Shapes of Elliptical Galaxies from a Statistical Comparison of Two Different Isophotes....Pages 395-396 Front Matter....Pages 375-375 Deprojection of Galaxies: How much can be Learned?....Pages 397-398 Disk Rotation Curves in Triaxial Potentials....Pages 399-400 A Method to Determine the Intrinsic Axial Ratios of Individual Triaxial Galaxies....Pages 401-402 Settling of Gas Disks in Elliptical Galaxies....Pages 403-404 Dust in Early Type Galaxies Observed at the CFHT....Pages 405-406 Detailed Surface Photometry of the Dust-Lane Elliptical NGC 6702....Pages 407-408 Boxy Isophotes and Dust Lanes in Bright Virgo Ellipticals....Pages 409-410 The Unusual Box-Shaped Elliptical(?) Galaxy IC 3370....Pages 411-412 AM2020—5050: An Elliptical Galaxy with an Outer Ring....Pages 413-414 Taurus Observations of S0 Polar Ring Galaxies....Pages 415-416 The Structure and Kinematics of the Ionized Gas in Centaurus A....Pages 417-418 Fabry-Perot Observations of CEN A....Pages 419-420 HI Imaging of Radio Active Ellipticals....Pages 421-422 The Distribution and Kinematics of Neutral Hydrogen in NGC 807....Pages 423-424 Gas, Dust and Radio Emission in Elliptical Galaxies....Pages 425-426 The Discovery of Blazar-Type Nuclei in Two nearby Radio Ellipticals....Pages 427-428 Stellar Dynamics of Radio Elliptical Galaxies....Pages 429-430 Properties of the X-Ray Emitting Gas in Early Type Galaxies....Pages 431-432 Are Cooling Flows Governing E-Galaxy Evolution?....Pages 433-434 Metal-Enhanced Galactic Winds....Pages 435-436 Front Matter....Pages 375-375 The Hydrodynamical Evolution of Gas in Young Elliptical Galaxies....Pages 437-438 Ultraviolet Energy Distributions of (32) Early-Type Galaxies....Pages 439-440 Line-Strength Gradients in Elliptical Galaxies....Pages 441-442 Visual-IR Color Gradients in Elliptical Galaxies....Pages 443-444 Direct IR Determination of the Stellar Luminosity Function to 0.2 M⊙ in Elliptical Galaxies....Pages 445-446 Dynamics of the Fornax Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy....Pages 447-448 Anisotropy of the Velocity Dispersion in ω Centauri....Pages 449-450 Spectroscopy of the Globular Clusters in M87....Pages 451-452 The “Jet” of M89: CCD Surface Photometry....Pages 453-454 Dwarf Galaxies in the Fornax Cluster....Pages 455-456 The Local Density and Morphology Dependence of the Galaxy Luminosity Function....Pages 457-458 An Investigation of the Radial Dependence of the Galaxy Luminosity Function in Abell Clusters....Pages 459-460 On the Luminosity Function of Elliptical Galaxies....Pages 461-462 Spectrophotometry of Shell Galaxies....Pages 463-464 Two Colour CCD Photometry of Malin-Carter Shell Galaxies....Pages 465-466 Shells and Dark Matter in Elliptical Galaxies....Pages 467-468 Shells Around Tumbling Bars: The Mass Distribution Around NGC 3923....Pages 469-470 Initial Tidal Effects on Shell Formation....Pages 471-472 Shells and Encounters of Disk Galaxies with Ellipticals....Pages 473-474 Dynamical Friction and Orbit Circularization....Pages 475-476 Front Matter....Pages 375-375 Stochastic Stellar Orbits and the Shapes of Elliptical Galaxies....Pages 477-478 Complex Instability around the Rotation Axis of Triaxial Systems....Pages 479-480 Stochasticity in Models of Elliptical Galaxies....Pages 481-482 Natural Action-Angle Variables....Pages 483-484 Integrals of Motion in an Elliptical Galaxy Model....Pages 485-486 Self-Consistent Models of Perfect Triaxial Galaxies....Pages 487-488 Self-Consistent Oblate-Spheroid Models....Pages 489-490 Self-Consistent Elliptical Disks....Pages 491-492 Stellar Dynamics of Needles....Pages 493-494 Formal Inversion of the Self-Consistent Problem for Triaxial Galaxies....Pages 495-496 Analytic Axisymmetric Dynamical Models with Three Integrals of Motion....Pages 497-498 Triaxial Scale-Free Models of Highly Flattened Elliptical Galaxies with Massive Halos....Pages 499-500 Box Models Without Cylindrical Rotation....Pages 501-502 Dynamical Approach to The R 1/4 Law Of Ellipticals....Pages 503-504 Statistical Mechanics and Equilibrium Sequences of Ellipticals....Pages 505-506 On the Distribution Function of Elliptical Galaxies....Pages 507-508 Towards a Self-Consistent Model of a Galaxy....Pages 509-510 The Envelopes of Spherical Galaxies....Pages 511-512 Spherical Stellar Systems: Structure and Evolution....Pages 513-514 Instability Through Anisotropy in Spherical Stellar Systems....Pages 515-516 Front Matter....Pages 375-375 Collisional Effects on the Density Profiles of Spherical Galaxies....Pages 517-518 Cold Collapse as a Way of Making Elliptical Galaxies....Pages 519-520 Angular Momentum in Elliptical Galaxies....Pages 521-522 Violent Relaxation and Mixing in 1-D Gravitational Systems....Pages 523-524 The Dynamical Evolution of a Star Cluster....Pages 525-526 Numerical Investigation of the Density Distribution of Stars and the Dispersion of Velocities in Spiral Galaxies....Pages 527-528 Edited By Tim De Zeeuw. The Symposium Was Held At The Institute For Advanced Study. Includes Bibliographies And Indexes.