Stereotyping and Prejudice: Changing Conceptions (Springer Series in Social Psychology)

The study of stereotyping and prejudice is a study of human nature, group mem­ bership, and intergroup relationships. It sheds light on each of these aspects of social psychology. With respect to the first two, it has been observed that since groups provide the best framework for satisfying various human needs, individuals continuously organize themselves in collectives. They belong to a variety of groups-many of which they voluntarily select and some to which they are ascribed. Group membership, therefore, is one of the most salient and important of an indi­ vidual's characteristics. The implication of this characteristic is that human beings not only constantly classify other people into group categories, either by identifying membership or constructing their own categories, but also judge and evaluate them on this basis. The stereotypes and prejudice are outcomes of this process. They are the beliefs and attitudes toward members of another group. In addition, the study of stereotyping and prejudice reflects an interest in inter­ group relationships. While we recognize that a discussion of intergroup relation­ ships may focus on behaviors describing actions such as confrontations, violence, wars, cooperation, alliance, negotiation, or coordination, we also believe that each of these intergroup behaviors is mediated by perceptions, beliefs, and attitudes. In the case of intergroup behaviors, the listed actions are not performed instinctively or mindlessly, but are preceded by cognitive processes which, among other outputs, involve the formation of stereotypes and prejudice toward the other group. Front Matter....Pages i-x Front Matter....Pages 1-1 Stereotype, Prejudice, and Discrimination: Changing Conceptions in Theory and Research....Pages 3-34 Front Matter....Pages 35-35 A Cognitive Approach to Stereotyping....Pages 37-57 Illusory Correlations: Implications for Stereotype Theory and Research....Pages 59-82 Category-Based and Individuating Processes as a Function of Information and Motivation: Evidence from Our Laboratory....Pages 83-103 Stereotypes of Groups, Group Members, and Individuals in Categories: A Differential Analysis....Pages 105-129 Front Matter....Pages 131-131 Stereotypes and Dispositional Judgment....Pages 133-149 Values, Stereotypes, and Intergroup Antagonism....Pages 151-167 Delegitimization: The Extreme Case of Stereotyping and Prejudice....Pages 169-182 Discriminatory Speech Acts: A Functional Approach....Pages 183-204 Front Matter....Pages 205-205 Changing Stereotypes with Disconfirming Information....Pages 207-223 Can Leaders Change Followers’ Stereotypes?....Pages 225-242 Enhancing Intergroup Relations in Israel: A Differential Approach....Pages 243-257 Back Matter....Pages 259-276 Traditionally dictated by the times, the definitions and theories regarding stereotypes and their ramifications have now taken on a decidedly cognitive emphasis. Representing this present trend in thought within social psychology, Stereotyping and Prejudice offers a diverse perspective on the cognitive approach, from the rather broad analysis of categorization of individuals to a discussion of intergroup relations in Israel. The contributors offer not only a resource for understanding the metamorphosis in the theories of stereotyping and prejudice, but a new look to future directions