Stereology : proceedings of the Second International Congress for Stereology [held in] Chicago [on] April 8-13, 1967

The Second International Congress for Stereology, again, has brought together scientists from very diverse discipl ines for discussion of problems concerning the recognition of three-dimensional structure, problems which confront those who study materials, rocks, biological systems or heavenly bodies. The program was organized into sessions each dealing with a special type of structural problem regardless of systems in the study of which these problems occur. Since all natural sciences have similar structural questions to investigate, discourses among biologists, metallurgists etc. were intense. Subject areas were not separated during the Congress. No concurrent sessions were held. Each participant had the opportunity to hear every paper. This re­ sulted in an unusually high attendance. During the last session, after five and a half days of intense work almost half the participants were still present in the lecture hall. Each of us was fascinated with what he was able to learn from fellow­ stereologists who studied different sectors of nature. Friendshipswere establ ished across oceans and across discipl inary boundaries. Each session was introduced by a key-note lecture didactical, meth­ odological and theoretical in nature. These key-note lectures can be recognized in this volume by their greater length, 12 pages being allotted to each key-note speaker. Collectively they constitute al­ most a textbook of stereology. Contributed papers in each problem category deal with appl ications. Front Matter....Pages i-xx Introduction: Problems of Stereology....Pages 1-11 Front Matter....Pages 13-13 Structure in Space and its Appearance on Sections....Pages 15-26 The Tetrahedron as a Unit of Volumetric Measurement....Pages 27-29 Front Matter....Pages 31-31 Sectioned Textures in the Decorative Arts....Pages 33-46 Front Matter....Pages 47-47 Quantitative Evaluation of Sectioned Material....Pages 49-60 Measurement of Extracellular Space in Developing Rat Brain from Electron Micrographs....Pages 61-62 A Stereological Method for Measuring the Specific Surface Area of Metallic Powders....Pages 63-64 Roentgen-Stereometry and Sectional Display of Computed Three-Dimensional Dose Distributions in Radio-Therapy....Pages 65-65 Morphometry of the Small Myelinated Fibres of the Cortex Cerebri....Pages 66-67 Comparison of some Quantitative Studies of Trabecular Bone....Pages 68-69 Morphometrische Untersuchungen am Labyrinth der Meerschweinchenplazenta....Pages 70-71 Ultrastructural Equilibria in Liver Cell Cytoplasm....Pages 72-73 Serial Section Analysis of Grain Structures....Pages 74-76 Surface Area and Length of Convolutions of the Cerebral Cortex....Pages 77-78 Quantitative Measurements from Projected Images....Pages 79-80 Front Matter....Pages 81-81 Formbestimmung von Körpern aus Ebenen Schnitten....Pages 83-94 The Relationship between Mean Surface Curvature and the Stereologic Counting Measurements....Pages 95-105 Interpretation and Misinterpretations of the Microscopic Image....Pages 106-109 A New Method for Measuring Strain Distribution....Pages 110-111 The Stereo Ultrastructure of the Corneal Surfaces in the “Stereoscan”....Pages 112-113 Front Matter....Pages 81-81 Scanning Electron Microscopy Applications for Microtopography....Pages 114-115 Front Matter....Pages 117-117 Sampling of Material and Statistical Analysis in Quantitative Stereology....Pages 119-130 A Comparison of Sampling Procedures in a Structured Cell Population....Pages 131-132 Computer Analysis of Pancreatic Islet Tissue....Pages 133-134 Methodical Difficulties in Morphometry of the Neuropil of Nervous Tissue....Pages 135-136 Front Matter....Pages 137-137 A Method of Radiological Stereo-Orthometry....Pages 139-140 Stereology and Biophotogrammetry....Pages 141-142 The Stereo Ultrastructure of Natural and Artificial Surfaces of Biological Materials....Pages 143-144 Cranioencephalic Stereo-Topometry....Pages 145-146 Front Matter....Pages 147-147 Front Matter....Pages 149-159 The Determination of the Size Distribution of Particles in an Opaque Material from a Measurement of the Size Distribution of Their Sections....Pages 161-161 Size Distribution of Particles Derived from the Size Distribution of Their Sections....Pages 163-173 Size Distribution of Cubic Particles....Pages 174-186 Determination of the Beta Granule Mass in Pancreatic Islets Using Linear Scanning Methods....Pages 187-188 Unfolding Particle Size Distributions....Pages 189-190 A Simple Formula for the Calculation of Spatial Size Distributions from Data Found by Lineal Analysis....Pages 191-192 The Direct Determination of the Number of Convex Particles Per Unit Volume and the Moments of Their Size Distribution by an Intercept Analysis on a Section....Pages 193-194 Front Matter....Pages 195-196 Number of Particles Per Unit Volume....Pages 197-197 The Calculation of the Mean Caliper Diameter of a Body for Use in the Analysis of the Number of Particles Per Unit Volume....Pages 199-210 Front Matter....Pages 211-215 Determination of Structural Anisotropy....Pages 217-217 Front Matter....Pages 219-227 A Revised Table for the Rapid Determination of the Orientation of Face-Centered Cubic Metals from Octahedral Traces....Pages 217-217 Sequence-Analysis, a New Method for the Quantitative Determination of the Arrangement of Phases in Opaque Samples....Pages 228-230 Front Matter....Pages 231-232 Measurement of Topological Parameters....Pages 233-233 A Study of Contact and Contiguity of Dispersions in Opaque Samples....Pages 235-249 The Topological Properties of Structural Components....Pages 250-251 Front Matter....Pages 252-253 A System of Basic Stereologic Formulae....Pages 255-255 Graphische Methoden in der Stereologie....Pages 257-258 Front Matter....Pages 259-260 Automatic Measuring and Scanning Devices in Stereology....Pages 261-261 A Semi-Automatic System for Stereologic Work in Light and Electron Microscopy....Pages 263-274 A System for Stereometric Analysis Using the Electron Microprobe....Pages 275-276 A Computer-Linked, Scanning, Microspectrophotometer Using the Two-Wavelength Method....Pages 277-278 Application of Computers to Quantitative Analysis of Microstructures....Pages 279-280 The Metals Research Image Analysing Computer....Pages 281-284 Rationalization in Direct Microscopical Measurement....Pages 285-286 Morphometric Microscope with Automatic Sampling Stage....Pages 287-288 Front Matter....Pages 289-290 Reconstruction from Serial Sections....Pages 291-291 Glass Plate Reconstruction from Serial Sections Used in the Study of Neonatal Biliary Atresia....Pages 293-301 The Technique of Polyplanetic Microscopy....Pages 302-303 The Synthalyzer for Optical Reconstruction and Dissection of Structures in Three Dimensions....Pages 304-305 An Investigation into Human Enamel Structure by an Optical Sectioning Technique....Pages 306-307 Front Matter....Pages 308-309 Three-Dimensional Reconstruction of Nervous Tissue....Pages 291-291 Front Matter....Pages 310-311 Topology and Serial Section Cinematography Editor’s Note....Pages 313-313 Serial Section Cinematography....Pages 315-315 An Automated Device for Cinematography of Sequential Microscope Sections....Pages 316-322 Front Matter....Pages 323-324 Demonstration of the Relationship between Crystal Orientation and Octahedral Traces....Pages 325-325 Bio-Photogrammetry (Demonstrations)....Pages 327-327 Automatic Sampling Stage Microscope and Data Print-Out Unit....Pages 328-329 “Stereoscan” Scanning Electron Microscope....Pages 330-331 Back Matter....Pages 332-333 ....Pages 335-337