Statistical Methods In Toxicology: Proceedings Of A Workshop During Eurotox '90 Leipzig, Germany, September 12-14, 1990 (lecture Notes In Medical Informatics)

This book contains selected papers from a workshop on modern statistical methods in toxicology held during the EUROTOX '90 conference in Leipzig. The papers deal with the biostatistical evaluation of the commonly used toxicological assays, i.e. mutagenicity, long-term carcinogenicity, embryotoxicity and chronic toxicity assays. The biological background is considered in detail, and most of the related statistical approaches described. In five overview papers, the present state of the art of the related topics is given, while in several contributed papers new approaches are discussed. The most important features are: - A new view on the per-litter analysis problem in em- bryotoxicity assays. - A highly sophisticated treatment of the so-called muta-tox problem in mutagenicity assays. - A detailed discussion of the multiplicity problem based on the closed testing procedure. This volume provides readers with an overview of modern biostatistical methods for several toxicological assays and is in part intended for direct, practical use. Front Matter....Pages N2-IV Modern Statistical Methods in Toxicology — An overview....Pages 1-4 Statistical Analysis of the Ames Assay....Pages 5-19 Statistical Analysis of the Micronucleus Test with the Fisher-Pitman Permutation Test....Pages 20-24 A Statistical Analysis of HGPRT-Test Data by Means of Computer Simulations....Pages 25-34 Measuring Intra-Assay Agreement for the Ames Salmonella Assay....Pages 35-41 Tabular Overview of Statistical Methods Proposed for the Analysis of Ames Salmonella Assay Data....Pages 42-48 Analyses of Longterm Carcinogenicity Studies....Pages 49-64 Mathematical models for the initiating and promotive action of carcinogens....Pages 65-78 Statistical Problems in Estimating a Threshold in a Dose-Response Model....Pages 79-85 Per-Litter Analyses for Studies of Developmental Toxicity....Pages 86-95 Biometrical Analysis of Strain Differences and Litter Effects....Pages 96-103 Statistical Evaluation of Offspring Parameters in Embryotoxicity Studies....Pages 104-110 General Statistical Principles in Testing of Toxicological Studies....Pages 111-131 Determination of Endpoints in Acute and Chronic Toxicity Tests by Using Generalized Linear Models....Pages 132-138 The Need for Software Validation in Routine Toxicology....Pages 139-149 An Application of Mixed Model Anova for the Assesment of Motor Activity in Rat Behavioural Toxicity Studies....Pages 150-156 Back Matter....Pages 157-161