STATE FEMINISM AND POLITICAL REPRESENTATION; ED. BY JONI LOVENDUSKI

How can women maximise their political influence? Does state feminism enhance the political representation of women? Should feminism be established in state institutions to treat women's concerns? Written by experts in the field, this 2005 book uses an innovative model of political influence to construct answers to these and other questions in the long-running debate over the political representation of women. The book assesses how states respond to women's demands for political representation both in terms of their inclusion as actors and the consideration of their interests in the decision making process. Debates on the issue vary from country to country, depending on institutional structures, women's movements and other factors, and this book offered the first comparative account of the subject. The authors analyse eleven democracies in Europe and North America and present comprehensive research from the 1960s to the present. Cover......Page 1 Half-title......Page 3 Title......Page 5 Copyright......Page 6 Contents......Page 7 Figures......Page 9 Tables......Page 10 Notes on contributors......Page 11 Preface......Page 17 Germany......Page 19 Spain......Page 20 USA......Page 21 1 Introduction: state feminism and the political representation of women......Page 23 Women's political representation as a subject for comparison......Page 24 Women's policy agencies and state feminism......Page 25 Women and policy-making......Page 27 Gender and framing......Page 28 Analysing debates: the model and the cases......Page 30 A theory of state feminism......Page 31 Applying the RNGS framework to debates on political representation......Page 34 WPA and QWPA characteristics and activities......Page 36 Women's movement characteristics......Page 37 The RNGS model and democratic representation......Page 38 References......Page 39 Universe of debates......Page 42 How the debate came to the public agenda......Page 44 Gendering the debate......Page 45 Policy outcome......Page 46 Women's policy agency activities......Page 47 How the debate came to the public agenda......Page 48 Dominant frame of debate......Page 49 Gendering the debate......Page 50 Women's movement impact......Page 51 Women's movement characteristics......Page 52 Policy environment......Page 53 How the debate came to the public agenda......Page 54 Dominant frame of debate......Page 55 Gendering the debate......Page 56 Policy outcome......Page 57 Women's movement characteristics......Page 58 Conclusion......Page 59 References......Page 61 Introduction......Page 63 Selection of debates......Page 64 How the debate came to the public agenda......Page 65 Gendering the debate......Page 67 Women's movement characteristics and impact......Page 68 Women's policy agency activities......Page 70 Policy environment......Page 71 How the debate came to the public agenda......Page 72 Dominant frame of debate......Page 73 Policy outcome......Page 74 Women's movement impact......Page 75 How the debate came to the public agenda......Page 76 Dominant frame of debate......Page 77 Women's movement impact......Page 78 Women's policy agency activities......Page 79 Conclusion......Page 80 References......Page 81 Introduction......Page 84 Selection of debates......Page 85 Dominant frame of debate......Page 87 Gendering the debate......Page 88 Women's policy agency characteristics......Page 89 Policy environment......Page 90 How the debate came to the public agenda......Page 91 Dominant frame of debate......Page 92 Gendering the debate......Page 93 Women's policy agency activities......Page 94 Policy environment......Page 95 How the debate came to the public agenda......Page 96 Gendering the debate......Page 97 Women's policy agency activities......Page 99 Women's movement characteristics......Page 100 Conclusion......Page 101 A Government and party documents......Page 103 B General......Page 104 Introduction......Page 107 Selection of debates......Page 108 Dominant frame of debate......Page 109 Policy outcome......Page 110 Women's movement impact......Page 111 Women's policy agency activities......Page 112 How the debate came to the public agenda......Page 113 Women's movement impact......Page 114 Women's policy agency activities......Page 115 How the debate came to the public agenda......Page 116 Gendering the debate......Page 118 Policy outcome......Page 119 Women's movement impact......Page 120 Women's policy agency activities......Page 123 Women's movement characteristics......Page 124 Conclusion......Page 125 References......Page 126 Introduction......Page 128 Policy-making institutions......Page 129 Universe of policy debates......Page 130 How the debate came to the public agenda......Page 131 Dominant frame of debate......Page 132 Gendering the debate......Page 133 Policy outcome......Page 134 Women's movement characteristics......Page 135 Policy environment......Page 136 How the debate came to the public agenda......Page 137 Dominant frame of debate......Page 138 Policy outcome......Page 139 Women's policy agency activities......Page 140 Policy environment......Page 142 How the debate came to the public agenda......Page 143 Dominant frame of debate......Page 144 Women's movement impact......Page 145 Women's movement characteristics......Page 146 Conclusion......Page 147 References......Page 149 Introduction......Page 152 Institutions that make representation policy......Page 153 Selection of debates......Page 154 How the debate came to the public agenda......Page 155 Gendering the debate......Page 156 Policy outcome......Page 157 Women's policy agency activities......Page 158 Women's movement characteristics......Page 159 How the debate came to the public agenda......Page 160 Dominant frame of debate......Page 161 Gendering the debate......Page 162 Women's movement impact......Page 163 Women's movement characteristics......Page 164 Policy environment......Page 165 How the debate came to the public agenda......Page 166 Gendering the debate......Page 167 Policy outcome......Page 168 Women's policy agency activities......Page 169 Women's movement characteristics......Page 170 Conclusion......Page 171 References......Page 172 Introduction......Page 175 Selection of debates......Page 176 Dominant frame of debate......Page 177 Gendering the debate......Page 178 Policy outcome......Page 179 Women's policy agency activities......Page 180 How the debate came to the public agenda......Page 181 Gendering the debate......Page 182 Policy outcome......Page 183 Women's movement impact......Page 184 Women's movement characteristics......Page 185 How the debate came to the public agenda......Page 186 Gendering the debate......Page 187 Policy outcome......Page 189 Women's policy agency activities......Page 190 State responses to the movement......Page 191 Women's policy agency activities and characteristics......Page 192 References......Page 193 Introduction......Page 196 Universe of policy debates......Page 198 Selection of debates......Page 199 Gendering the debate......Page 200 Women's movement impact......Page 201 Party developments......Page 202 Women's policy agency activities and characteristics......Page 203 Women's movement characteristics......Page 204 Dominant frame of debate......Page 205 Women's movement impact......Page 206 Women's policy agency activities and characteristics......Page 207 Women's movement characteristics......Page 208 How the debate came to the public agenda......Page 209 Gendering the debate......Page 210 Women's policy agency activities and characteristics......Page 211 Women's movement characteristics......Page 212 Conclusion......Page 213 References......Page 214 Introduction......Page 217 Selection of debates......Page 218 How the debate came to the public agenda......Page 220 Policy outcome......Page 221 Women's movement impact......Page 222 Women's movement characteristics......Page 223 Policy environment......Page 224 How the debate came to the public agenda......Page 225 Gendering the debate......Page 226 Women's movement impact and women's policy agency activities......Page 227 Policy environment......Page 228 Dominant frame of debate......Page 229 Policy outcome......Page 230 Women's movement impact......Page 231 Women's movement characteristics......Page 232 Conclusion......Page 233 References......Page 236 Introduction......Page 238 Universe of debates......Page 239 Women's policy machinery......Page 241 Selection of debates......Page 242 Policy outcome......Page 243 Gendering the debate......Page 244 Women's policy agency characteristics and activities......Page 245 Policy environment......Page 246 How the debate came to the public agenda......Page 247 Policy outcome......Page 248 Gendering the debate......Page 249 WPA and QWPA characteristics and activities......Page 250 Women's movement characteristics......Page 251 Women's movement impact......Page 252 How the debate came to the public agenda......Page 253 Gendering the debate......Page 254 Women's movement characteristics......Page 256 Women's movement impact......Page 257 Conclusion......Page 258 References......Page 259 Introduction......Page 261 Selection of debates......Page 262 Dominant frame of debate......Page 263 Gendering the debate......Page 264 Women's policy agency activities......Page 265 Women's movement characteristics......Page 266 How the debate came to the public agenda......Page 267 Dominant frame of debate......Page 268 Policy outcome......Page 269 Women's policy agency activities......Page 270 Policy environment......Page 271 How the debate came to the public agenda......Page 272 Gendering the debate......Page 273 Policy outcome......Page 274 Women's policy agency activities......Page 275 Women's movement characteristics......Page 276 Conclusion......Page 277 References......Page 279 Women's movements and state feminism......Page 282 Women's movements and political representation: variations and trends......Page 283 The scope of the debates......Page 284 Gendering the debates: political representation and the research question......Page 288 Appendix 1 Tables of women's representation in eleven countries......Page 316 Cluster One: Characteristics of women's movement actors......Page 327 Policy sub-system level......Page 328 Index......Page 330 Introduction: Introduction: -- Joni Lovenduski Introduction: -- Joni Lovenduski -- Regina Köpl Introduction: -- Joni Lovenduski -- Regina Köpl -- Petra Meier Introduction: -- Joni Lovenduski -- Regina Köpl -- Petra Meier -- Anne Maria Holli, Johanna Kantola Introduction: -- Joni Lovenduski -- Regina Köpl -- Petra Meier -- Anne Maria Holli, Johanna Kantola -- Claude Baudino Introduction: -- Joni Lovenduski -- Regina Köpl -- Petra Meier -- Anne Maria Holli, Johanna Kantola -- Claude Baudino -- Lynn Kamenitsa, Brigitte Geissel Introduction: -- Joni Lovenduski -- Regina Köpl -- Petra Meier -- Anne Maria Holli, Johanna Kantola -- Claude Baudino -- Lynn Kamenitsa, Brigitte Geissel -- Marila Guadagnini Introduction: -- Joni Lovenduski -- Regina Köpl -- Petra Meier -- Anne Maria Holli, Johanna Kantola -- Claude Baudino -- Lynn Kamenitsa, Brigitte Geissel -- Marila Guadagnini -- Jantine Oldersma Introduction: -- Joni Lovenduski -- Regina Köpl -- Petra Meier -- Anne Maria Holli, Johanna Kantola -- Claude Baudino -- Lynn Kamenitsa, Brigitte Geissel -- Marila Guadagnini -- Jantine Oldersma -- Celia Valiente Introduction: -- Joni Lovenduski -- Regina Köpl -- Petra Meier -- Anne Maria Holli, Johanna Kantola -- Claude Baudino -- Lynn Kamenitsa, Brigitte Geissel -- Marila Guadagnini -- Jantine Oldersma -- Celia Valiente -- Diane Sainsbury Introduction: -- Joni Lovenduski -- Regina Köpl -- Petra Meier -- Anne Maria Holli, Johanna Kantola -- Claude Baudino -- Lynn Kamenitsa, Brigitte Geissel -- Marila Guadagnini -- Jantine Oldersma -- Celia Valiente -- Diane Sainsbury -- Joni Lovenduski Introduction: -- Joni Lovenduski -- Regina Köpl -- Petra Meier -- Anne Maria Holli, Johanna Kantola -- Claude Baudino -- Lynn Kamenitsa, Brigitte Geissel -- Marila Guadagnini -- Jantine Oldersma -- Celia Valiente -- Diane Sainsbury -- Joni Lovenduski -- Janine A. Parry -- Conclusions: Introduction:-- Joni Lovenduski-- Regina Köpl-- Petra Meier-- Anne Maria Holli, Johanna Kantola-- Claude Baudino-- Lynn Kamenitsa, Brigitte Geissel-- Marila Guadagnini-- Jantine Oldersma-- Celia Valiente-- Diane Sainsbury-- Joni Lovenduski-- Janine A. Parry-- Conclusions:-- Joni Lovenduski ... [et al.] Introduction: State Feminism And The Political Representation Of Women / Joni Lovenduski -- Gendering Political Representation: Debates And Controversies In Austria / Regina Köpl -- The Belgian Paradox: Inclusion And Exclusion Of Gender Issues / Petra Meier -- A Politics For Presence: State Feminism, Women's Movements And Political Representation In Finland / Anne Maria Holli, Johanna Kantola -- Gendering The Republican System: Debates On Women's Political Representation In France / Claude Baudino -- Wpas And Political Representation In Germany / Lynn Kamenitsa, Brigitte Geissel -- Gendering The Debate On Political Representation In Italy: A Difficult Challenge / Marila Guadagnini -- High Tides In A Low Country: Gendering Political Representation In The Netherlands / Jantine Oldersma -- The Women's Movement, Gender Equality Agencies And Central-state Debates On Political Representation In Spain / Celia Valiente -- Party Feminism, State Feminism And Women's Representation In Sweden / Diane Sainsbury -- Party Government And Women's Representation Debates: The Uk / Joni Lovenduski -- Women's Policy Agencies, The Women's Movement And Representation In The Usa / Janine A. Parry -- Conclusions: State Feminism And Political Representation / Joni Lovenduski [and Others]. Edited By Joni Lovenduski ; With Claudie Baudino ... [et Al.]. Includes Bibliographical References And Index. How can women maximise their political influence? Does state feminism enhance the political representation of women? Should feminism be established in state institutions to treat women's concerns? Written by experts in the field, this book uses an innovative model of political influence to construct answers to these and other questions in the long-running debate over the political representation of women. The book assesses how states respond to women's demands for political representation both in terms of their inclusion as actors and the consideration of their interests in the decision making process. Debates on the issue vary from country to country, depending on institutional structures, women's movements, and other factors, and this book offers the first comparative account of the subject. The authors analyse eleven democracies in Europe and North America and present comprehensive research from the 1960s to the present How can women maximize their political influence? Does state feminism enhance the political representation of women? Should feminism be established in state institutions to treat women's concerns? Developed by field experts, this book uses an innovative model of political influence to construct answers to these and other questions in the long-running debate over the political representation of women. The book assesses how states respond to women's demands for political representation in terms of their inclusion as actors, as well as the consideration of their interests in the decision making process.