State and Commonwealth : The Theory of the State in Early Modern England, 1549–1640

In The History Of Political Thought, The Emergence Of The Modern State In Early Modern England Has Usually Been Treated As The Development Of An Increasingly Centralizing And Expansive National Sovereignty. Recent Work In Political And Social History, However, Has Shown That The State--at Court, In The Provinces, And In The Parishes--depended On The Authority Of Local Magnates And The Participation Of What Has Been Referred To As The Middling Sort. This Poses Challenges To Scholars Seeking To Describe How The State Was Understood By Contemporaries Of The Period In Light Of The Great Classical And Religious Textual Traditions Of Political Thought. State And Commonwealth Presents A New Theory Of State And Society By Expanding On The Usual Treatment Of Commonwealth In Pre-civil War English History. Drawing On Works Of Theology, Moral Philosophy, And Political Theory--including Martin Bucer's De Regno Christi, Thomas Smith's De Republica Anglorum, John Case's Sphaera Civitatis, Francis Bacon's Essays, And Thomas Hobbes's Early Works--noah Dauber Argues That The Commonwealth Ideal Was Less Traditional Than Often Thought. He Shows How It Incorporated New Ideas About Self-interest And New Models Of Social Order And Stratification, And How The Associated Ideal Of Distributive Justice Pertained As Much To The Honors And Offices Of The State As To Material Wealth. Broad-ranging In Scope, State And Commonwealth Provides A More Complete Picture Of The Relationship Between Political And Social Theory In Early Modern England.-- Noah Dauber. Includes Bibliographical References And Index. " In the history of political thought, the emergence of the modern state in early modern England has usually been treated as the development of an increasingly centralizing and expansive national sovereignty. Recent work in political and social history, however, has shown that the state--at court, in the provinces, and in the parishes--depended on the authority of local magnates and the participation of what has been referred to as "the middling sort." This poses challenges to scholars seeking to describe how the state was understood by contemporaries of the period in light of the great classical and religious textual traditions of political thought. State and Commonwealth presents a new theory of state and society by expanding on the usual treatment of "commonwealth" in pre-Civil War English history. Drawing on works of theology, moral philosophy, and political theory--including Martin Bucer's De Regno Christi, Thomas Smith's De Republica Anglorum, John Case's Sphaera Civitatis, Francis Bacon's essays, and Thomas Hobbes's early works--Noah Dauber argues that the commonwealth ideal was less traditional than often thought. He shows how it incorporated new ideas about self-interest and new models of social order and stratification, and how the associated ideal of distributive justice pertained as much to the honors and offices of the state as to material wealth. Broad-ranging in scope, State and Commonwealth provides a more complete picture of the relationship between political and social theory in early modern England. "-- Provided by publisher In the history of political thought, the emergence of the modern state in early modern England has usually been treated as the development of an increasingly centralizing and expansive national sovereignty. Recent work in political and social history, however, has shown that the state—at court, in the provinces, and in the parishes—depended on the authority of local magnates and the participation of what has been referred to as “the middling sort.” This poses challenges to scholars seeking to describe how the state was understood by contemporaries of the period in light of the great classical and religious textual traditions of political thought. This book presents a new theory of state and society by expanding on the usual treatment of “commonwealth” in pre-Civil War English history. Drawing on works of theology, moral philosophy, and political theory, the book argues that the commonwealth ideal was less traditional than often thought. It shows how it incorporated new ideas about self-interest and new models of social order and stratification, and how the associated ideal of distributive justice pertained as much to the honors and offices of the state as to material wealth. Broad-ranging in scope, the book provides a more complete picture of the relationship between political and social theory in early modern England. Contents Acknowledgments Abbreviations Introduction: State, Republic, and Commonwealth Chapter 1. The Reformers’ Commonwealth. Visions of Commonwealth in the Reign of Edward VI Chapter 2. A Society of Orders. Sir Thomas Smith’s De Republica Anglorum Chapter 3. The Monarchical Republic. John Case’s Sphaera Civitatis Chapter 4. The Private and The Public. The Aphorisms and Essays of Francis Bacon Chapter 5. The Penal State and The Commonwealth of Conscience. Thomas Hobbes and The Elements of Law Conclusion: The Legacy of Commonwealth Bibliography Index