راهنماهای طراحی و ساخت استاندارد برای میکروتونل‌سازی (ASCE/CI 36-15)

Prepared by the Standard Design and Construction Guidelines for Microtunneling Committee of the Construction Institute of ASCE Standard Design and Construction Guidelines for Microtunneling , Standard ASCE/CI 36-15, covers the planning, design, materials, and construction for this trenchless method of installing pipelines. Microtunneling projects involve a remote-controlled boring machine, a laser guidance system, a jacking system for thrust, and continuous pressure on the face of the excavation to balance groundwater and earth pressures. The use of microtunneling has become a widely accepted means of pipeline construction, and this standard takes into account advances in technology and construction practice developed over the past 15 years. This new edition of Standard 36 expands and modifies the earlier standard so that users can better understand both the key concepts and technical details involved in a microtunneling project. The section on preparing contract documents, particularly drawings, technical specifications, and contractual specifications, has been thoroughly updated. Also revised are the qualifications of engineers who design microtunneling projects and of the contractors who construct them. New sections have been added on sustainability; regulations; detailed site investigations, especially geotechnical aspects; microtunneling design elements and operations; construction support services; and aspects of measurement and payment. Standard 36-15 is a vital reference for owners, engineers, contractors, suppliers, and manufacturers working on pipeline projects where microtunneling is an attractive option. ""Cover"" ""CONTENTS"" ""ASCE STANDARDS"" ""PREFACE"" ""ACKNOWLEDGMENTS"" ""PART I: GENERAL"" ""1 SCOPE"" ""2 REFERENCE DOCUMENTS"" ""2.1 American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE)"" ""2.2 American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)"" ""2.3 American Water Works Association (AWWA)"" ""2.4 American Petroleum Institute (API)"" ""2.5 European Standards"" ""2.6 North American Society for Trenchless Technology (NASTT)"" ""2.7 Other Standards"" ""3 DEFINITIONS"" ""4 ACRONYMS, ABBREVIATIONS, AND INITIALISMS"" ""5 SUMMARY OF PRACTICE"" ""PART II: PLANNING ASPECTS"" ""6 INITIAL CRITERIA""""6.1 Pipe Diameter and Grade"" ""6.2 Depth"" ""6.3 Routing"" ""6.4 Shafts and Working Space"" ""6.5 Sustainability"" ""6.6 Regulations"" ""7 SITE CONDITIONS"" ""7.1 Land Use"" ""7.2 Easements and Rights-of-Way"" ""7.3 Underground Utilities and Other Facilities"" ""7.4 Buried Objects"" ""7.5 In-Line Microtunneling"" ""7.6 Contaminated Ground and Groundwater"" ""7.7 Special Considerations"" ""8 PRELIMINARY GEOTECHNICAL CONSIDERATIONS"" ""9 PROJECT LAYOUT"" ""9.1 Layout for Efficient Microtunneling"" ""9.2 Horizontal and Vertical Alignment"" ""9.3 Service Connections""""9.4 Effects on Adjacent Structures"" ""10 COST CONSIDERATIONS"" ""10.1 Direct Cost of Microtunneling"" ""10.2 Indirect Social Effect Costs"" ""10.3 Environmental Costs"" ""10.4 Risk Analysis"" ""10.5 Contingency Costs"" ""PART III: DESIGN ASPECTS"" ""11 DETAILED SITE INVESTIGATIONS"" ""11.1 General"" ""11.2 Geotechnical Investigation Approach and Methods"" ""11.3 Important Geotechnical Characteristics"" ""11.4 Geotechnical Reports"" ""11.5 Utility Surveys"" ""11.6 Traffic Flow and Access for Vehicles and Pedestrians"" ""11.7 Environmental Conditions""""11.8 Flood Zones"" ""11.9 Seismic Conditions"" ""12 MICROTUNNELING EQUIPMENT"" ""12.1 General"" ""12.2 MTBM"" ""12.3 Control System"" ""12.4 Handling of Spoils"" ""12.5 Jacking System"" ""12.6 Pipe Lubrication System"" ""12.7 Power Supply"" ""13 MICROTUNNELING DESIGN ELEMENTS"" ""13.1 Design Memoranda and Technical Memoranda"" ""13.2 Pipe Material Selection"" ""13.3 Earth Loads on Pipe"" ""13.4 Evaluation of Jacking Forces"" ""13.5 Evaluation of Settlement Risks"" ""13.6 Drilling Fluid Design"" ""13.7 Special Considerations for Curved Drives""""14 SHAFT CONSIDERATIONS"" ""14.1 Location"" ""14.2 Shaft Design Considerations"" ""14.3 Groundwater Control"" ""14.4 Design of Entry and Exit of Shafts"" ""14.5 Thrust Blocks"" ""14.6 Common Shafts"" ""15 CONTRACT DOCUMENTS"" ""15.1 General Considerations"" ""15.2 General Conditions"" ""15.3 Special and Supplementary Conditions"" ""15.4 Technical Specifications"" ""15.5 Plans"" ""15.6 Geotechnical Investigations and Data"" ""15.7 Microtunneling Contractor Qualifications"" ""15.8 Dispute Resolution""