Standard-Bearers of Equality: America’s First Abolition Movement (Published by the Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture and the University of North Carolina Press)

Paul Polgar recovers the racially inclusive vision of America's first abolition movement. In showcasing the activities of the Pennsylvania Abolition Society, the New York Manumission Society, and their African American allies during the post-Revolutionary and early national eras, he unearths this coalition's comprehensive agenda for black freedom and equality. By guarding and expanding the rights of people of African descent and demonstrating that black Americans could become virtuous citizens of the new Republic, these activists, whom Polgar names "first movement abolitionists," sought to end white prejudice and eliminate racial inequality. Beginning in the 1820s, however, colonization threatened to eclipse this racially inclusive movement. Colonizationists claimed that what they saw as permanent black inferiority and unconquerable white prejudice meant that slavery could end only if those freed were exiled from the United States. In pulling many reformers into their orbit, this radically different antislavery movement marginalized the activism of America's first abolitionists and obscured the racially progressive origins of American abolitionism that Polgar now recaptures. By reinterpreting the early history of American antislavery, Polgar illustrates that the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries are as integral to histories of race, rights, and reform in the United States as the mid-nineteenth century. Paul Polgar recovers the racially inclusive vision of America's first abolition movement. In showcasing the activities of the Pennsylvania Abolition Society, the New-York Manumission Society, and their African American allies during the post-Revolutionary and early national eras, her unearths this coalition's comprehensive agenda for black freedom and equality. By guarding and expanding the rights of people of African descent and demonstrating that black Americans could become virtuous citizens of the new Repoublic, these activists, whom Polgar names "first movement abolitionists," sought to end white prejudice and eliminate racial inequality. Beginning in the 1820s, however, colonization threatened to eclipse this racially inclusive movement. Colonizationists claimed that what they saw as permanent black inferiority and unconquerable white prejudice meant that slavery could end only if those freed were exiled from the United States. In pulling many reformers into their orbit, this radically different antislavery movement marginalized the activism of America's first abolitionists and obscured the racially progressive origins of American abolitionism that Polgar now recaptures. By reinterpreting the early history of American antislavery, Polgar illustrates that the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries are as integral to histories of race, rights, and reform in the United States as the mid-nineteenth century. -- From dust jacket Cover 1 Half Title 2 Title 4 Copyright 5 Dedication 6 Contents 8 List of Illustrations 9 Introduction: Reimagining American Abolitionism 12 1. The Making of a Movement: Progress, Problems, and the Ambiguous Origins of the Abolitionist Project 33 2. The “Just Right of Freedom”: Enforcing and Expanding Gradual Emancipation 88 3. Republicans of Color: Societal Environmentalism and the Quest for Black Citizenship 133 4. “A Well Grounded Hope”: Sweeping Away the Cobwebs of Prejudice 177 5. “Unconquerable Prejudice” and “Alien Enemies”: The Roots and Rise of the American Colonization Society 222 6. A Prudent Alternative or a Dangerous Diversion?: First Movement Abolitionists Respond to Colonization 272 Epilogue: A Movement Forgotten 329 Acknowledgments 338 Index 342 A 342 B 343 C 344 D 346 E 346 F 347 G 347 H 347 I 347 J 347 K 348 L 348 M 348 N 349 O 350 P 350 Q 351 R 351 S 351 T 353 U 353 V 353 W 353 Y 353 The Making Of A Movement : Progress, Problems, And The Ambiguous Origins Of The Abolitionist Project -- The Just Rights Of Freedom : Enforcing And Expanding Gradual Emancipation -- Republicans Of Color : Societal Environmentalism And The Quest For Black Citizenship -- A Well Grounded Hope : Sweeping Away The Cobwebs Of Prejudice -- Unconquerable Prejudice And Alien Enemies : The Roots And Rise Of The American Colonization Society -- A Prudent Alternative Or A Dangerous Diversion? First Movement Abolitionists Respond To Colonization. Paul J. Polgar. Includes Bibliographical References And Index. Electronic Reproduction. Baltimore, Md Available Via World Wide Web. This volume recovers the racially inclusive vision of America's first abolition movement. In showcasing the activities of the Pennsylvania Abolition Society, the New York Manumission Society, and their African American allies during the post-Revolutionary and early national eras, he unearths this coalition's comprehensive agenda for black freedom and equality Examines the racially inclusive vision of America's first abolition movement. In showcasing the activities of the Pennsylvania Abolition Society, the New York Manumission Society, and their African American allies during the post-Revolutionary era, Paul Polgar unearths this coalition's comprehensive agenda for black freedom and equality.