Sporting Gentlemen : Men's Tennis From the Age of Honor to the Cult of the Superstar

Tennis is a high-stakes game, played by prodigies identified early and coached by professionals in hopes of high rankings and endorsements. This commercial world is far removed from the origins of the sport. Before 1968―when Wimbledon invited professional players to compete for the first time―tennis was part of a sportsmanship tradition that emphasized character over money. It produced well-rounded gentlemen who expressed a code of honor, not commerce. In this authoritative and affectionate history of men's tennis, distinguished sociologist E. Digby Baltzell recovers the glory of the age. From its aristocratic origins in the late ninteenth century, to the Tilden years, and through a succession of newcomers, the amateur era and its virtues survived a century of democratization and conflict. __Sporting Gentlemen__ examines the greatest players and matches in the history of tennis. Baltzell explores the tennis code of honor and its roots in the cricket code of the late-nineteenth-century Anglo-American upper class. This code of honor remained in spite of the later democratization of tennis. Thus, the court manners of the Renshaw twins and Doherty brothers at the Old Wimbledon were upheld to the letter by Don Budge and Jack Kramer as well as Rod Laver, John Newcombe, and Arthur Ashe. Baltzell's final chapter on the Open Era is a blistering attack on the decline of honor and the obliteration of class distinctions, leaving only those based on money. For all who love the game of tennis, __Sporting Gentlemen__ is both fascinating history and a badly needed analysis of what has made the sport great. Chapter 1 Introduction: Leveling Upwards and Leveling Downwards -- E. Digby Baltzell chapter 2 The Anglo-American Amateur Tradition, the Making of a National Upper Class, and a Gentlemanly Code of Honor in America, 1880-1914 -- E. Digby Baltzell chapter 3 The Rise of Lawn Tennis: The Harrow and Harvard Era, 1877-1887 -- E. Digby Baltzell chapter 4 The Expansion of Lawn Tennis in an Age oflnnocence, 1887-1912 -- E. Digby Baltzell chapter 5 Class Complacency Challenged in 1912: The Sinking of the Titanic and the First California Invasion of the Eastern Grass Court Circuit -- E. Digby Baltzell chapter 6 The Old Order Changes: Amateurism becomes an Issue the Davis Cup Goes Down Under in 1914, and the Championships Are Moved from Newport to Forest Hills -- E. Digby Baltzell chapter 7 Two Philadelphia Gentlemen: William J. Clothier, Father and Son -- E. Digby Baltzell chapter 8 Racism and Anti-Semitism: The Gentleman s Achilles Heel -- E. Digby Baltzell chapter 9 William Tatum Tilden II: A Philadelphia Gentleman as World Champion -- E. Digby Baltzell chapter 10 The Finest Five Years in Tennis History: The French Musketeers Finally Topple Tilden -- E. Digby Baltzell chapter 11 Big Bill Tilden: A Gentleman Possessed by Genius -- E. Digby Baltzell chapter 12 The Grass Court Circuit Becomes a Melting Pot, and Perry Jones Leads a Second California Invasion of the Eastern Establishment -- E. Digby Baltzell chapter 13 Gentleman Jack Crawford of Australia and Fred Perry, the Last Great Englishman -- E. Digby Baltzell chapter 14 Budge and the Baron: The Greatest Match of Them All and the First Grand Slam -- E. Digby Baltzell chapter 15 Indian Summer of a Golden Age: Riggs, Kramer, Gonzales, and the Pro Tour -- E. Digby Baltzell chapter 16 Lean Years in American Tennis and the Reign of Harry Hopman s Australians -- E. Digby Baltzell chapter 17 The Great Revolution, 1968-1992: The Rise of Open (Pro) Tennis and the Decline of Civility -- E. Digby Baltzell chapter Epilogue -- E. Digby Baltzell. Cover Half Title Title Page Copyright Page Dedication Contents Figures New Introduction to the Transaction Edition Acknowledgements Prologue 1. Introduction: Leveling Upwards and Leveling Downwards 2. The Anglo-American Amateur Tradition, the Making of a National Upper Class, and a Gendemanly Code of Honor in America, 1880–1914 3. The Rise of Lawn Tennis: The Harrow and Harvard Era, 1877–1887 4. The Expansion of Lawn Tennis in an Age of Innocence, 1887–1912 5. Class Complacency Challenged in 1912: The Sinking of the Titanic and the First California Invasion of the Eastern Grass Court Circuit 6. The Old Order Changes: Amateurism Becomes an Issue, the Davis Cup Goes Down Under in 1914, and the Championships Are Moved from Newport to Forest Hills 7. Two Philadelphia Gentlemen: William J. Clothier, Father and Son 8. Racism and Anti-Semitism: The Gentlemen’s Achilles Heel 9. William Tatum Tilden II: A Philadelphia Gentleman as World Champion 10. The Finest Five "fears in Tennis History: The French Musketeers Finally Topple Tilden 11. Big Bill Tilden: A Gentleman Possessed by Genius 12. The Grass-Court Circuit Becomes a Melting Pot, and Perry Jones Leads a Second California Invasion of the Eastern Establishment 13. Gentleman Jack Crawford of Australia, and Fred Perry, the Last Great Englishman 14. Budge and the Baron: The Greatest Match of them All and the First Grand Slam 15. Indian Summer of a Golden Age: Riggs, Kramer, Gonzales, and the Pro Tour 16. Lean fears in American Tennis and the Reign of Harry Hopman’s Australians 17. The Great Revolution of 1968–1992: The Rise of Open (Pro) Tennis and the Decline of Civility Epilogue Notes Index "Tennis is a high-stakes game, played by prodigies identified early and coached by professionals in hopes of high rankings and endorsements. This commercial world is far removed from the origins of the sport. Before 1968--when Wimbledon invited professional players to compete for the first time--tennis was part of a sportsmanship tradition that emphasized character over money. It produced well-rounded gentlemen who expressed a code of honor, not commerce. In this authoritative and affectionate history of men's tennis, distinguished sociologist E. Digby Baltzell recovers the glory of the age. From its aristocratic origins in the late ninteenth century, to the Tilden years, and through a succession of newcomers, the amateur era and its virtues survived a century of democratization and conflict. Sporting Gentlemen examines the greatest players and matches in the history of tennis. Baltzell explores the tennis code of honor and its roots in the cricket code of the late-nineteenth-century Anglo-American upper class. This code of honor remained in spite of the later democratization of tennis. Thus, the court manners of the Renshaw twins and Doherty brothers at the Old Wimbledon were upheld to the letter by Don Budge and Jack Kramer as well as Rod Laver, John Newcombe, and Arthur Ashe. Baltzell's final chapter on the Open Era is a blistering attack on the decline of honor and the obliteration of class distinctions, leaving only those based on money. For all who love the game of tennis, Sporting Gentlemen is both fascinating history and a badly needed analysis of what has made the sport great."--Provided by publisher