Sport and violence : a critical examination of sport

* Examines the culture of violence that permeates and surrounds sport, including the sociological causes of that violence, and what can be done to mitigate them * Features an international perspective with examples of sport violence from throughout the world * Offers a historical view on the evolution of violence in sport Sport and Violence takes a critical look at the culture of 'sports rage' and aggression in the sporting industry, covering ethical, historical and sociological causes and impacts. It examines international examples of sport violence, including: the father of a tennis competitor placing a drug in the drinks of her competitors; a player's neck broken after being attacked from behind by an opponent in an NHL game; hooliganism in international soccer and more. The book not only attempts to explain how and why such violence originates, it examines its impact on society outside sport and suggests potential remedies for the problem. Its up-to-date and in-depth coverage of a controversial issue therefore makes it a valuable asset to both sports students and professionals working in sports management. By Lynn Jamieson, Professor and Former Chair, Indiana University, Department of Recreation, Park, and Tourism Studies, USA and Thomas Orr, Doctoral Student, Head Coach, Indiana University Hockey Program, USA * Takes a critical look at the culture of violence that permeates and surrounds sport, including the sociological causes of that violence, and what can be done to mitigate them* Features an international perspective with examples of sport violence from throughout the world* Offers a historical view on sport violence and perspective on how and why it has evolved to what it is today Dedication......Page 6 Epigraph......Page 8 Table of Contents......Page 10 Foreword......Page 14 Preface and Acknowledgment......Page 16 Introduction......Page 20 CHAPTER 1 Our Violent Society - Nationally and Globally......Page 23 What is Sport Violence?......Page 24 Definitions......Page 25 The Violent Sport Environment......Page 32 Key Examples......Page 34 A Brief Tour of the World......Page 39 Toward Policy - An Integrated Approach......Page 44 References......Page 46 CHAPTER 2 - A History of Leisure, a History of Violence: Our Violent Society, a National and Global Historical Perspective......Page 49 Subjectivity, Agency and Meaning of Violence......Page 51 Greek Festivals of Violence and Coming of Age......Page 53 Rome: The Spectacle of Violence......Page 54 The Olympics: An Arena for the Threat ofnbspViolence......Page 55 The Hooligan......Page 56 Lynching Violence as Leisure......Page 57 A Psychological Perspective on Violence......Page 61 A Sociological Approach to Violence......Page 62 Summary......Page 63 History......Page 64 Social Justice......Page 65 References......Page 66 CHAPTER 3 - The Status of Sport and Violence......Page 71 Elements and Taxonomy of Sport Rage......Page 75 Establishing the Need to Identify and Control Sport Violence......Page 77 Why Safe and Productive Sport Environments are Important for Your Community......Page 80 References......Page 87 CHAPTER 4 - Exploration of Societal Factors......Page 93 Dying to Win: The Pressures of Sport......Page 96 The Economy and Sports: Haves and Have Nots......Page 99 Steroids and Other Performance Enhancing Products......Page 101 Is Sport a Culture that Encourages Excessive and Criminal Behavior Outside the Field of Play?......Page 105 References......Page 108 CHAPTER 5 - Causes of Sport Violence......Page 113 Outline placeholder......Page 0 Use of Language Generated by Sports Journalists and Broadcasters......Page 115 Use of Sexuality and Violence for Promotion, Advertisement, and Marketing......Page 116 The Trivialization of Violence in Sports......Page 117 Pressure......Page 118 Sport development......Page 119 Sport Specialization......Page 121 Anger-Aggression Continuum......Page 122 Parent Aggression toward Kids, Coaches, Referees......Page 124 Coaches’ Aggression toward Kids......Page 125 Sport Structure......Page 127 Management......Page 128 The sport experience......Page 129 Investment......Page 130 References......Page 133 CHAPTER 6 - Fan-Sport Environment Interaction Disorder......Page 137 Sports Riots and Hostile Interactions Involving Fans......Page 141 Identity and personal stake in teams......Page 143 Altercations and group dynamics in the competitive spirit......Page 146 Summary......Page 151 References......Page 152 Who gets Excluded and Why?......Page 155 Race......Page 156 Ethnicity......Page 158 Ability......Page 159 Ice skating rivalry......Page 160 French father’s support scandal......Page 161 Religion......Page 163 Social class......Page 165 Sexual orientation......Page 166 Age......Page 167 Power Struggles and Inequities......Page 170 Gangs, Intimidation, and Violence in Sport......Page 172 Gaining Control of ISM Issues......Page 173 What about Inclusion?......Page 174 Summary......Page 176 References......Page 177 CHAPTER 8 - Spillover Effects of Sport and Violence......Page 179 Sexual Abuse and Violence: the Surfacing of Criminal Complaints against Athletes......Page 180 Success, Sacrifice and Dropping Out of Sports......Page 185 Hubris and Celebrity Privilege: Athlete’s Feeling Above the Law......Page 189 Hazing......Page 193 References......Page 196 CHAPTER 9 - Specific Solutions to Mitigating Sport and Violence......Page 199 The Sport Hierarchy......Page 200 Responsibility for a Safe, Civil Sport Environment......Page 201 Proposal number 2......Page 202 The Sport Management Professional......Page 204 Role of National and Local Policy......Page 206 Role of Administrators in Sport Environments......Page 207 Proposal number 5......Page 208 Sport Violence Litigation......Page 209 Significant Adult Responsibilities......Page 210 Proposal number 7......Page 211 Resources Available from Many Organizations......Page 212 Proposal number 8......Page 216 References......Page 217 CHAPTER 10 - Solutions......Page 221 Immediate Problems Facing Development of Solutions......Page 223 Cultivating a Vision - a General Commitment to Youth......Page 224 First Major Focus: the Sport Actors - Solving Problems and Issues......Page 226 Politics, Violence Reduction......Page 227 Toward an Era of Renewed Responsibility......Page 231 Charters......Page 232 The organization......Page 233 Recommendations......Page 234 What’s in Store? The Future of Sport......Page 235 Summary......Page 242 References......Page 243 Bibliography......Page 247 INDEX......Page 259 Sport and Violence takes a critical look at the culture of ‘sports rage'and aggression in the sporting industry, covering ethical, historical and sociological causes and impacts. It examines international examples of sport violence, including: the father of a tennis competitor placing a drug in the drinks of her competitors; a player's neck broken after being attacked from behind by an opponent in an NHL game; hooliganism in international soccer and more. The book not only attempts to explain how and why such violence originates, it examines its impact on society outside sport and suggests potential remedies for the problem. This book: Examines the culture of violence that permeates and surrounds sport, including the sociological causes of that violence, and what can be done to mitigate them Features an international perspective with examples of sport violence from throughout the world Offers a historical view on the evolution of violence in sport Its up-to-date and in-depth coverage of a controversial issue makes this book a valuable asset to both sports students and professionals working in sports management.