Specifying systems: the TLA [plus] language and tools for hardware and software engineers

Spatial statistics is one of the most rapidly growing areas of statistics, rife with fascinating research opportunities. Yet, many statisticians are unaware of those opportunities, and most students in the United States are never exposed to any course work in spatial statistics. Written to be accessible to the nonspecialist, this volume surveys the applications of spatial statistics to a wide range of areas, including image analysis, geosciences, physical chemistry, and ecology. The book describes the contributions of the mathematical sciences, summarizes the current state of knowledge, and identifies directions for research Pt. I. Getting Started. 1. A Little Simple Math. 2. Specifying a Simple Clock. 3. An Asynchronous Interface. 4. A Fifo. 5. A Caching Memory. 6. Some More Math. 7. Writing a Specification: Some Advice -- Pt. II. More Advanced Topics. 8. Liveness and Fairness. 9. Real Time. 10. Composing Specifications. 11. Advanced Examples -- Pt. III. The Tools. 12. The Syntactic Analyzer. 13. The TLAT[subscript E]X Typesetter. 14. The TLC Model Checker -- Pt. IV. The TLA+ Language. 15. The Syntax of TLA+. 16. The Operators of TLA+. 17. The Meaning of a Module. 18. The Standard Modules

This long-awaited book shows how to write unambiguous specifications of complex computer systems. The first part provides a concise and lucid introduction to specification, explaining how to describe, with mathematical precision, the behavioral properties of a system -- what that system is allowed to do. The emphasis here is on safety properties. The second part of the book covers more advanced topics, including liveness and fairness, real-time properties, and composition. The book's final two parts provide a complete reference manual for the TLA+ language and tools, as well as a handy minimanual. TLA+ is the language developed by the author for writing simple and elegant specifications of algorithms and protocols and for verifying the correctness of a design. The language already has proved to be a valuable aid in understanding and building concurrent and distributed systems. Tools for TLA+ syntax analysis and model checking are freely available from the Web, where you can also find supplemental materials for this book, including exercises.

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This book provides a guide to the writing of unambiguous specifications of complex computer systems. It explains how to describe, with mathematical precision, the behavior properties of a system. Safety properties are stressed, but topics like liveliness, fairness, and real time are also covered. The book also supplies a reference manual for the TLA+ language and tools. Lamport is a computer scientist, best known for creating the LaTeX typesetting program. Annotation c. Book News, Inc., Portland, OR

Annotation This book is the distillation of over 25 years of work by one of the world's most renowned computer scientists. A specification is a written description of what a system is supposed to do, plus a way of checking to make sure that it works. Specifying a system helps us understand it. It's a good idea to understand a system before building it, so it's a good idea to write a specification of a system before implementing it. The most effective tool to describe a specification is the Temporal Logic of Actions, or TLA, because it provides a mathematical, i.e. precise, foundation for describing systems. TLA+ is the language the author developed to write the mathematical specifications. TLA+ is available freely on the web. It can be used for both software and hardware. In fact, Intel is using TLA+ with great success in the design of a new chip. The book is divided into four parts. The first part contains all that most programmers and engineers need to know about writing specifications. The second part contains more advanced material for more sophisticated readers. The third and fourth parts comprise a reference manual for TLA+ - both the language itself as well as its tools This work shows how to write unambiguous specifications of complex computer systems. The first part provides a concise and lucid introduction to specification, explaining how to describe, with mathematical precision, the behavioural properties of a system - what that system is allowed to do. The emphasis here is on safety properties. The second part covers more advanced topics, including liveness and fairness, real time properties, and composition. The books final two parts provide a complete reference manual for the TLA+ language and tools, as well as a mini-manual. Both a tutorial on specifying systems and a complete reference to TLA, this is the distillation of 25 years of work by a renowned computer scientist. Divided into four parts, the first part contains all that most programmers and engineers need to know about writing specifications. The second part has advanced material for more sophisticated readers. The third and fourth parts comprise a reference manual for TLA+--both the language itself as well as its tools.