Solubility of Gases and Liquids: A Graphic Approach Data - Causes - Prediction

The solubility of gases and liquids in liquids is of great importance in large areas of operations based on chemical concepts. Phenomena have appeared to be so varied that even experts have from time to time remarked on the difficulty of seeing a consistent pattern. Now for the first time the essential pattern of all known gas solubility data is set out in a graphic form for all to see. The continuous merging of the gas-liquid systems and the liquid-liquid systems is also illustrated. The pattern opens the way to rational predictions. The new data given for the lower alkanes and alkenes, the three methylamines, ammonia, bromomethane, and chloroethane, together with my previously reported data on hydrogen sulfide, dimethyl ether, chloromethane, and sulfur dioxide, have been obtained by a bubbler-manometer procedure which is fully described. Not only are these data of significance in many chemical processes, but they have also been vital to the development of the overall essential pattern covering all gases. The book is for chemists, chemical engineers, biotechnologists, certain physi­ cists, and teachers and students in these disciplines. It is a book for all those who are concerned with the use and inculcation of the fundamental, even rudimentary, principles of chemistry. Front Matter....Pages i-x The Solubility of Gases in Liquids....Pages 1-8 Presentation of Solubility Data on the Reference-Line Diagram....Pages 9-27 Henry’s Law and Raoult’s Law....Pages 29-54 Hildebrand’s Solubility Parameters....Pages 55-57 The Hydrogen-Bonding Structure of Water....Pages 59-75 Sources and Form of Data....Pages 77-81 Data for the Noble Gases and Other Gases in the Lower Half of the Boiling Point Range....Pages 83-88 Carbon Dioxide, Nitrous Oxide, Hydrogen Sulfide, Chlorine, Sulfur Dioxide, and Carbonyl Chloride....Pages 89-114 Hydrogen Halides HCl, HBr, HI....Pages 115-159 Ammonia and the Three Methylamines....Pages 161-185 Dimethyl Ether....Pages 187-190 Halogenoalkanes....Pages 191-203 Hydrocarbon Gases....Pages 205-221 Examples of Certain Other Gases....Pages 223-230 Effect of Temperature....Pages 231-234 Prediction....Pages 235-258 Textbook Statements....Pages 259-261 Back Matter....Pages 263-275